The History of the Renaissance World (128 page)

cloth, satin, 56

Clovis, king of the Franks, 665

Cluny, 52

Cocherel, Battle of, 521

Col de Panissars, Battle of the, 392

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 380

Colhuacans, 491, 494–95

Collationes
(Abelard), 51, 57

College of Cardinals, 615, 617

Cologne, 85, 235, 235
n
, 356, 447

Colomon, king of Hungary, 137

Colonna, Sciarra, 486

Como, 324

Compacts of Basel (
Compactata
), 649

Compiègne, 663, 667

Concordance of Discordant Canons
, 53

Concordat of London, 8, 11

Concordat of Worms, 11

Confucianism, 56–57, 197, 299, 341, 470, 529, 565, 640

Confucius, 29, 56

Congress of Krakow, 551–53

Conrad III, king of Germany, 39–40, 82

Conrad IV, king of Germany, 295, 321, 323–24, 359–60

Conradin, 360, 364–65

Conrad of Hohenstaufen, 410

Constance (German town), 616–17

Constance (mother of Frederick II), 318

Constance (wife of Geoffrey, son of Henry II), 202

Constance of Antioch, 135, 137

Constance of Castile, 591

Constantine, emperor of Rome, 3, 254, 287, 680

Constantine, king of Georgia, 632

Constantine XI Palaeologus, emperor of Byzantium, 677–80

Constantinople, 13,
15
, 16, 103, 134, 136, 141–45, 170, 178–79, 220, 221, 223, 257, 367–70, 389, 405, 507, 537–39, 542, 598–602, 650–52

Crusaders in sack of, 179–80,
181
, 278

fall of, 235, 242

Latin patriarch of, 257

as Ottoman goal, 419–20, 425

Ottoman overthrow of, xxiv–xxv, 14, 600–602, 629–30, 673, 677–81

Patriarch of, 423, 651

sacred relics of, 368

Constitutions of Clarendon, 128, 130

Conway, Treaty of, 395

copper, 95

copper mines, 443

Corbeil, 303

Córdoba, 45, 244, 306, 307

Corfu, 178

Corinth, Isthmus of, 633

Cortenuova, 321

corvée
labor, 526

Coucy, 663

Council of Basel, 649–50

Council of Constance, 617, 646

Council of Florence, 650

Council of Toulouse, 260, 319, 320

Courtrai, 412

Crécy-en-Ponthieu, 502

Cremona, 323

Croatia, 137–39, 141, 168
n
, 316

Crusaders, 40, 102, 104–6, 155, 156, 157–59, 171, 172, 217–19, 226, 237, 238, 240, 248, 275–78, 348, 374, 376, 538

Crusades, xxiv, 236, 258, 283, 296, 372, 461–63, 551, 673, 676, 677

First, 3–5, 13–17, 29, 36, 104, 134, 153, 182, 420, 650

Second, 39–41, 76, 81, 135

Third, 159, 166–74,
169

Fourth, 176–82, 240, 367

Fifth, 275–79,
276
, 281–82, 293, 335

Sixth, 295–96

Seventh, 333–37,
334
, 353–55, 364

Eighth, 375

Ninth, 375, 398

Albigensian, 238–40,
239
, 242, 244, 258, 259–60, 273, 275, 319

Baltic, 284–85,
285

Christ vs. gain in, 82

end of, 375

against the Hafsids, 372–74

Holy Land Kingdoms of, 13–17,
15
, 35,
36
, 134
n
, 173, 180, 217–23, 257, 333, 351, 367–70, 376–77, 389, 449

Reconquista as, 43

in Spain, 244–46

Wendish, 81–82, 238

Cuacuauhpitzahuac, king of Tlatelolco, 495

Culavamsa
, 270072

Cumans, 282

Curia Regis, 253, 361

Cuzco, 192–93

Cyprus, 135, 136, 171, 173, 275, 333, 335, 374

Dadu, 380–81, 526–28, 565, 640

Daftary, Farhad, 226
n

Dafydd ap Gruffudd, prince of Wales, 395–97

Dai Viet, 27–30,
28
, 298–301,
301
, 342, 385, 533–34,
533
, 535, 640–42

timelines, 33, 42, 60, 68, 75, 302, 309, 536, 543, 550, 644, 653, 661

Dai Viet su ky
, 299

Dali, 341

Dalmatia, 137, 139

Dalry, 434

Damascus, 34, 40, 103, 156, 173, 333, 342, 348, 450, 628–29

Dambadeniya, 271, 273, 548

Damietta, 106, 276–78, 293, 335–36, 348, 364

Danishmends, 34

Dan-no-Ura, Strait of, 163

Dante Alighieri, 364, 389, 411, 485–86, 488, 500, 582

Danube river, 139, 168, 220, 315, 388, 419, 673, 676

Danzig, 608

Dardanelles, 217

Dartmoor, 443

Dartmouth, 579

Datong, 643

Daulatabad, 479–80, 481, 546

Dauphiné, 517
n

Daura, 588, 589

David, king of Israel, 348

David, rumored Indian Christian king, 279

David I, high king of Scotland, 22, 398

David II, king of Scotland, 497–98, 501, 519

David the Builder, 264

Deccan, 405, 429, 480, 546, 627

de Cernay, Pierres des Vaux, 236, 239–40, 258

de Clare, Richard “Strongbow,” 149

Defensor Pacis
, 485

Degrees of Union, 651

Deheubarth, 394

Delhi, 228–31,
229
, 270, 326–30,
328
, 478–82, 505, 544–49, 561–63, 627

Mongol Invasion of,
406

second sultanate of, 403–8, 427–31

timelines, 550, 556, 560

Timur and, 563, 627–28

Demetrius, 632

de Molay, Jacques, 414, 420

de Montfort, Simon, 205, 207

Denis, Saint, 250

Denmark, 81, 604–9,
607

timelines, 610, 619, 626

Descriptiones Terrarum
, 284

Despenser, Hugh, earl of Winchester, 463

Despenser, Hugh the Younger, earl of Winchester, 463–65, 468

Despenser, La
, 464

Devagiri, 405, 429, 479

Devon, 582

dharma, 111, 119
n
, 120

dialectic, of Aristotle, 5–7, 49, 53, 57

Dialogue of Miracles
(Caesarius of Heisterbach), 239

Diara Kante, 100

Dibalemi, Dunama, king of Kanem, 288–90

Didymoteichon, 540

Dirgham, 104
n

Divine Comedy
(Dante), 389, 411

Dlugosz, Jan, 554

Dnieper river, 266

Do Anh Vu, 30

Dome of the Rock, 158–59, 296

Domesday Book
, 4

Dominicans, 258, 319–20, 356, 367, 373, 436, 462, 494, 629

Domrémy, 664

Donatists, 234

Dorylaeum, 39

Dover, 254, 579, 593

Dublin, 149

Duklja, 137

Dumbarton Castle, 434

Dum Diversas
, xxv, 660

Dunama I, king of Kanem, 95–97

Dunama II, king of Kanem, 95

Dunbar, 399

Dupplin Moor, 502

Dupplin Moor, Battle of, 498

Durán, Diego, 494–95

Duwa Khan, 406–7

Dwarasamudra, 429

Dyfed, 394

Dyrrhachium, 14

dysentery, 78, 103, 153, 254, 259, 303, 435, 463, 578, 617

military campaigns and, 324, 343, 374, 392, 482, 577, 579, 623–24, 662

Eannes, Gil, xxiv, 656, 658

Eastern Trade Route, 290

écorcheurs
, 669

Edessa, 137, 155

County of, 13,
15
, 35–36,
36
, 39

Edinburgh, 399

Edinburgh-Northampton, Treaty of, 466, 497

Edirne, 540, 675–79

Edmund (son of Henry III of England), 359–60

Edmund of Kent, 464

Edo, 98–99

Edward, king of Portugal, 655–57

Edward I, king of England, 362–63, 373–74, 391–92, 394–98, 401, 411, 433–35, 522

Edward II, king of England, 401, 435–36, 438, 445, 463–65

as first English prince of Wales, 433–34

Edward III, king of England, 465–68,
466
,
467
, 497–99, 501–3, 510, 516–17, 519–21, 577–78, 581, 583, 620

Edward of Woodstock, 501

Edward the Black Prince, 517–18, 520–22, 577–78, 595, 620

Egharevba, Jacob, 98
n–
99
n

Egypt, 16, 89, 104–6, 134
n
, 135, 155–57, 178–80, 273, 275–78, 291, 295, 335, 336, 342, 343, 346–49, 353, 372–77,
377
, 420, 449–51, 458–59, 506, 587, 628–29, 632

timelines, 107, 116, 125, 352, 358, 366, 378, 387, 454, 460, 469, 634, 644

Egyptian Crusade, 374

Eighth Crusade, 375

Eison, 383

El Cid, 44

Eleanor, countess of Toulouse, 242

Eleanor, queen of Portugal, 657

Eleanor of Aquitaine, queen of England, 37–40, 77–79, 150–51, 166, 168, 173, 399, 499

Eleanor of Castile, queen of England, 401, 522

Eleanor of Provence, 361

Elements
(Euclid), 46

Elets, 560

Elizabeth, Holy Roman empress, 551

Emeric, king of Hungary, 177, 281

England,
9
,
77
,
150
, 151, 202–5, 233, 257, 293, 359, 360–65, 394–401, 445, 463–68,
466
, 507, 509, 591–92, 595–96, 604, 608–9, 620–21

the Anarchy in, 22,
23
, 76–79, 126

archers of, 623, 624

barons of, 4–5

Charter of Liberties in, 4–5, 251–52

church and state in, 126–32, 203–4

in Crusades, 159, 166, 168, 177, 275

France’s hostilities with, 153, 159, 166–67, 173–74, 177, 202–3,
204
, 238, 248–52, 275, 303–4,
305
, 308, 332, 353, 355, 361, 397, 401, 461, 498–503, 515–23, 547, 577–85,
580
, 592–95, 623–25, 654, 662–71,
666

Ireland invaded by, 148–49

Magna Carta in, 251–54,
251

papal interdict on, 204–5, 248

rise of feudalism in, 4

Scotland’s rebellion against, 397–401, 433–38, 497–99

taxation in, 203–4, 251–52

thanes (
thegns
) in, 4

timelines, 12, 18, 24, 33, 80, 87, 93, 133, 140, 147, 154, 160, 165, 175, 183, 194, 206, 210, 216, 241, 247, 256, 261, 269, 309, 317, 358, 366, 371, 378, 387, 402, 409, 439, 448, 454, 469, 477, 483, 504, 511, 530, 536, 586, 590, 597, 603, 626, 634, 644, 672, 682

warming in, 443

Wycliffe in, xxiv

English Channel, 19, 203, 233, 251, 308, 615

Enrico Dandolo, doge of Venice, 177, 217, 220

Enrique of Trastámara, king of Castile, 522–23, 591–92, 654

Ephesus, 420, 422

Epic of Sundiata
, 207–9

Epirus, Despotate of, 220, 221, 223, 368

timelines, 224, 232, 371

Erediauwa I, king of Benin, 99

Erhai, Lake, 341

Eric, king of Scandinavia, 605–9,
606

Ericsson, Leif, 443

Erzhou, 343

Esen Tayisi, Oirat khan, 642

Eskenderum, 419, 420

Eskisehir, 419

Essex, 583, 584

Estates-General, 519, 521

Eucharist, 647, 649, 651

doctrine of transubstantiation, 6

Euclid, xxiii, 46

Eugene IV, pope, 646, 649–51, 660

Eugenius III, pope, 36, 40, 81, 82–83

Eulogia, 376

Euphrates river, 273, 419, 420, 450

Europe, 630

climate conditions in, 443–47,
444
,
446

plague in, 506–10

timelines, 448, 454, 460

Euse, Jacques d’, 461

Eustace, 78

Evans, G. R., 6

Everest, Mount, 189
n

Evesham, Battle of, 353,
363

Evora, 90–91

Évreux, count of, 516

Eweka, king of Benin, 99

Excommunicamus
, 320

excommunication, 7–8, 130–31, 237, 238, 254, 359, 360, 361, 391, 618

of Frederick II, 294–96, 322–23, 410

of Louis of Bavaria, 484–85, 488

Extremadura, 90

Ezana, king of Axum, 287

Faenza, 574

Fakhr-ad-Din, general, 335–36

Falkirk, 433

Falköping, 606

famine:

in Europe, 443–47

in India, 480

Fancheng, 379

Fang Guozhen, 526, 527

Fang Xia, 638

Faraj, sultan of Egypt, 628

farmers, 582

Fatimid caliphate,
15
, 16, 104–6, 134
n

Feast of Saint Clement, 622

Ferdinand (son of John I of Portugal), 656–58

Ferdinand II, king of León, 91

Ferdinand III, king of León-Castile, 306–7

Fernando, king of León, 88

Ferrara, 321, 484

feudalism, 4

Fez, 372, 657

fidaiyan
(Assassins), 226–28

Fieschi, Manuele de, 465

Fieschi, Sinibaldo,
see
Innocent IV, pope

Fifth Crusade, 275–79,
276
, 281–82, 293, 335

Finkel, Caroline, xxiv–xxv

Firdausi, 121

Firoz, 230

Firoz, Bahmani sultan, 627–28

Firoz Shah Tughluq, sultan of Delhi, 482, 544–45, 548–49

First Crusade, 3–5, 13–17, 29, 36, 104, 134, 153, 182, 420, 650

First War for Scottish Independence, 401, 466, 497

Fitz Urse, Reginald, 131

Flanders, 152, 249, 412–13, 445, 462, 465, 574, 579, 581

see also
Baldwin I, emperor of Constantinople