Read A Place of Greater Safety Online

Authors: Hilary Mantel

A Place of Greater Safety (4 page)

BOOK: A Place of Greater Safety
3.39Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads
One day a senior pupil approached him, propelling in front of him a small child. “Here, Thing,” the boy said. (They had this affectation of forgetting his name.)
Maximilien stopped dead. He didn’t immediately turn around. “You want me?” he said. Quite pleasant-offensive; he knew how to do that.
“I want you to keep your eye on this infant they have unaccountably sent. He is from your part of the country—Guise, I believe.”
Maximilien thought: these ignorant Parisians think it is all the same. Quietly, he said, “Guise is in PICARDY. I come from ARRAS. ARRAS is in ARTOIS.”
“Well, it’s of no consequence, is it? I hope you can take time from your reputedly very advanced studies to help him find his way about.”
“All right,” Maximilien said. He swung around to look at the so-called infant. He was a very pretty child, very dark.
“Where is it you want to find your way to?” he asked.
Just then Father Herivaux came shivering along the corridor. He stopped. “Ah, you have arrived, Camille Desmoulins,” he said.
Father Herivaux was a distinguished classicist. He made a point of knowing everything. Scholarship didn’t keep the autumn chills out; and there was so much worse to come.
“And I believe that you are only ten years old,” Father said.
The child looked up at him and nodded.
“And that altogether you are very advanced for your years?”
“Yes,” said the child. “That’s right.”
Father Herivaux bit his lip. He scurried on. Maximilien removed the spectacles he was obliged to wear, and rubbed the corners of his eyes. “Try ‘Yes, Father,’” he suggested. “They expect it. Don’t nod at them, they tend to resent it. Also, when he asked you if you were clever, you should have been more modest about it. You know—‘I try my best, Father.’ That sort of thing.”
“Groveler, are you, Thing?” the little boy said.
“Look, it’s just an idea. I’m only giving you the benefit of my experience.” He put his glasses back on. The child’s large dark eyes swam into his. For a moment he thought of the dove, trapped in its cage. He had the feel of the feathers on his hands, soft and dead: the little bones without pulse. He brushed his hand down his coat.
The child had a stutter. It made him uneasy. In fact there was something about the whole situation that upset him. He felt that the modus vivendi he had achieved was under threat; that life would become more complicated, and that his affairs had taken a turn for the worse.
 
 
W
hen he returned home to Arras for the summer holiday, Charlotte said, “You don’t grow much, do you?”
Same thing she said, year after year.
His teachers hold him in esteem. No
flair
, they said; but he always tells the truth.
He was not quite sure what his fellow pupils thought of him. If you asked him what sort of a person he thought he was, he would tell you he was able, sensitive, patient and deficient in charm. But as for how this estimate might have differed from that of the people around him—well, how can you be sure that the thoughts in your head have ever been thought by anyone else?
He did not have many letters from home. Charlotte sent quite often a neat childish record of small concerns. He kept her letters for a day or two, read them twice; then, not knowing what to do with them, threw them away.
Camille Desmoulins had letters twice a week, huge letters; they became a public entertainment. He explained that he had first been sent away to school when he was seven years old, and as a consequence knew his family better on paper than he did in real life. The episodes were like
chapters of a novel, and as he read them aloud for the general recreation, his friends began to think of his family as “characters.” Sometimes the whole group would be seized by pointless hilarity at some phrase such as “Your mother hopes you have been to confession,” and would repeat it to each other for days with tears of merriment in their eyes. Camille explained that his father was writing an
Encyclopedia of Law.
He thought that the only purpose of the project was to excuse his father from conversing with his mother in the evenings. He ventured the suggestion that his father shut himself away with the
Encyclopedia
, and then read what Father Proyart, the deputy principal, called “bad books.”
Camille replied to these letters in page after page of his sprawling formless handwriting. He was keeping the correspondence so that it could be published later.
“Try to learn this truth, Maximilien,” Father Herivaux said: “most people are lazy, and will take you at your own valuation. Make sure the valuation you put on yourself is high.”
For Camille this had never been a problem. He had the knack of getting himself into the company of the older, well-connected pupils, of making himself in some way fashionable. He was taken up by Stanislas Fréron, who was five years older, who was named after his godfather, the King of Poland. Fréron’s family was rich and learned, his uncle a noted foe of Voltaire. At six years old he had been taken to Versailles, where he had recited a poem for Mesdames Adelaide, Sophie and Victoire, the old King’s daughters; they had made a fuss of him and given him sweets. Fréron said to Camille, “When you are older I will take you about in society, and make your career.”
Was Camille grateful? Hardly at all. He poured scorn on Fréron’s ideas. He started to call him “Rabbit.” François was incubating sensitivity. He would stand in front of a mirror to scrutinize his face, to see if his teeth stuck out or if he looked timid.
Then there was Louis Suleau, an ironical sort of boy, who smiled when the young aristocrats denigrated the status quo. It is an education, he said, to watch people mine the ground under their own feet. There will be a war in our lifetime, he told Camille, and you and I will be on different sides. So let us be fond of each other, while we may.
Camille said to Father Herivaux, “I will not go to confession anymore. If you force me to go, I will pretend to be someone else. I will make up someone else’s sins and confess them.”
“Be reasonable,” Father Herivaux said. “When you’re sixteen, then you can throw over your faith. That’s the right age for doing it.”
But by the time he was sixteen Camille had a new set of derelictions.
Maximilien de Robespierre endured small daily agonies of apprehension. “How do you get out?” he asked.
“It isn’t the Bastille, you know. Sometimes you can talk your way out. Or climb over the wall. Shall I show you where? No, you would rather not know.”
Inside the walls there is a reasoning intellectual community. Outside, beasts file past the iron gates. It is as if human beings have been caged, while outside wild animals range about and perform human occupations. The city stinks of wealth and corruption; beggers sit in roadside filth, the executioner carries out public tortures, there are beatings and robberies in broad daylight. What Camille finds outside the walls excites and appalls him. It is a benighted city, he said, forgotten by God; a place of insidious spiritual depravity, with an Old Testament future. The society to which Fréron proposed to introduce him is some huge poisonous organism limping to its death; people like you, he said to Maximilien, are the only fit people to run a country.
Camille also said, “Wait until Father Proyart is appointed principal. Then we shall all be stamped into the ground.” His eyes were alight at the prospect.
This was an idea peculiar to Camille, Maximilien thought: that the worse things get, the better they get. No one else seems to think this way.
 
 
B
ut, as it happened, Father Proyart was passed over. The new principal was Father Poignard d’Enthienloye, a relaxed, liberal, talented man. He was alarmed at the spirit that had got about among his charges.
“Father Proyart says you have a ‘set,’” he told Maximilien. “He says you are all anarchists and puritans.”
“Father Proyart doesn’t like me,” Maximilien said. “And I think he overstates the case.”
“Of course he overstates it. Must we plod? I have to read my office in half an hour.”
“Are we puritans? He ought to be glad.”
“If you talked about women all the time he would know what to do, but he says that all you talk about is politics.”
“Yes,” Maximilien said. He was willing to give reasonable consideration to the problems of his elders. “He is afraid that the high walls don’t keep American ideas out. He’s right, of course.”
“Each generation has its passions. A schoolmaster sees them. At times I think our system is wholly ill-advised. We take away your childhoods,
we force your ideas in this hothouse air; then we winter you in a climate of despotism.” Delivered of this, the priest sighed; his metaphors depressed him.
Maximilien thought for a moment about running the brewery; very little classical education would be required. “You think it is better if people’s hopes are not raised?” he said.
“I think it is a pity that we bring on your talents, then say to you”—the priest held his palm up—“this far, but no further. We cannot provide a boy like you with the privileges of birth and wealth.”
“Yes, well.” The boy smiled, a small but genuine smile. “This point had not escaped me.”
The principal could not understand Father Proyart’s prejudices against this boy. He was not aggressive, did not seem to want to get the better of you. “So what will you do, Maximilien? I mean, what do you intend?” He knew that under the terms of his scholarship the boy must take his degree in medicine, theology or jurisprudence. “I gather it was thought you might go into the Church.”
“Other people thought so.” Maximilien’s tone was very respectful, the principal thought; he offers a due deference to the opinions of others, then takes no notice of them at all. “My father had a legal practice, once. I hope to pick it up. I have to go home. I am the eldest, you see.
The priest knew this, of course; knew that unwilling relatives doled out a pittance for what the scholarship did not provide, so that the boy must always be acutely conscious of his social standing. Last year the bursar had to arrange for him to be bought a new topcoat. “A career in your own province,” he said. “Will this be enough for you?”
“Oh, I’ll move within my sphere.” Sardonic? Perhaps. “But Father, you were worrying about the moral tone of the place. Don’t you want to have this conversation with Camille? He’s much more entertaining on the topic of moral tone.”
“I deplore this convention of the single name,” the priest said. “As if he were famous. Does he mean to go through life with only one name? I have no good opinion of your friend. And do not tell me you are not his keeper.”
“I’m afraid I am, you see.” He thought. “But come, Father, surely you do have a good opinion of him?”
The priest laughed. “Father Proyart says that you are not just puritans and anarchists, but strikers of poses too. Precious, self-conscious … this is the Suleau boy as well. But I see that you are not like that.”
“You think I should just be myself?”
“Why not?”
“I usually feel some greater effort is called for.” Later, putting down his breviary, the priest brooded over the interview. He thought, this child will just be unhappy. He will go back to his province, and he will never amount to anything.
 
 
T
he year now is 1774. Poseurs or not, it is time to grow up. It is time to enter the public realm, the world of public acts and public attitudes. Everything that happens now will happen in the light of history. It is not a midday luminary, but a corpse-candle to the intellect; at best, it is a secondhand lunar light, error-breeding, sand-blind and parched.
Camille Desmoulins, 1793: “They think that gaining freedom is like growing up: you have to suffer.”
Maximilien Robespierre, 1793: “History is fiction.”
Corpse-Candle
J
ust after Easter, King Louis XV caught smallpox. From the cradle his life had been thronged by courtiers; his rising in the morning was a ceremony governed by complex and rigid etiquette, and when he dined he dined in public, hundreds filing past to gape at every mouthful. Each bowel movement, each sex act, each breath a matter for public comment: and then his death.
He had to break off the hunt, and was brought to the palace weak and feverish. He was sixty-four, and from the outset they rather thought he would die. When the rash appeared he lay shaking with fear, because he himself knew he would die and go to Hell.
The Dauphin and his wife stayed in their own rooms, afraid of contagion. When the blisters suppurated, the windows and doors were flung wide open, but the stench was unbearable. The rotting body was turned over to the doctors and priests for the last hours. The carriage of Mme. du Barry, the last of the Mistresses, rolled out of Versailles forever, and only then, when she had gone and he felt quite alone, would the priests give him absolution. He sent for her, was told she had already left. “Already,” he said.
The Court had assembled, to wait events, in the huge antechamber known as the Œil de Boeuf. On May 10, at a quarter past three in the afternoon, a lighted taper in the window of the sickroom was snuffed out.
Then suddenly a noise exploded like thunder from a clear sky—the rush, the shuffle, the tramp of hundreds of feet. Of blank and single mind, the Court charged out of the Œil de Boeuf and through the Grand Galerie to find the new King.
 
 
T
he new King is nineteen years old; his consort, the Austrian princess Marie-Antoinette, is a year younger. The King is a large, pious, conscientious boy, phlegmatic, devoted to hunting and the pleasures of the table; he is said to be incapable, by reason of a painfully tight foreskin, of indulging the pleasures of the flesh. The Queen is a selfish little girl, strong-willed and ill-educated. She is fair, fresh-complexioned, pretty because at eighteen almost all girls are pretty; but her large-chinned Hapsburg hauteur is already beginning to battle with the advantages conferred by silk, diamonds and ignorance.
Hopes for the new reign run high. On the statue of the great Henri IV, the hand of an unknown optimist writes
“Resurrexit.”
 
 
W
hen the Lieutenant of Police goes to his desk—today, last year, every year—the first piece of information he requires concerns the price of a loaf in the bakers’ shops of Paris. If Les Halles is well supplied with flour, then the bakers of the city and the faubourgs will satisfy their customers, and the thousand itinerant bakers will bring their bread in to the markets in the Marais, in Saint-Paul, in the Palais-Royal and in Les Halles itself.
In easy times, a loaf of brown bread costs eight or nine sous. A general laborer, who is paid by the day, can expect to earn twenty sous; a mason might get forty sous, a skilled locksmith or a joiner might get fifty. Items for the budget: rent money, candles, cooking fat, vegetables, wine. Meat is for special occasions. Bread is the main concern.
The supply lines are tight, precise, monitored. What the bakers have left over at the end of the day must be sold off cheap; the destitute do not eat till night falls on the markets.
All goes well; but then when the harvest fails—in 1770, say, or in 1772 or 1774—an inexorable price rise begins; in the autumn of 1774 a four-pound loaf in Paris costs eleven sous, but by the following spring the price is up to fourteen. Wages do not rise. The building workers are always turbulent, so are the weavers, so are the bookbinders and (poor souls) the hatters, but strikes are seldom to procure a wage rise, usually to resist a cut. Not the strike but the bread riot is the most familiar resort of the urban working man, and thus the temperature and rainfall over some distant comfield connects directly with the tension headaches of the Lieutenant of Police.
Whenever there is a shortage of grain, the people cry, “A famine pact!” They blame speculators and stockpilers. The millers, they say, are conspiring to starve the locksmiths, the hatters, the bookbinders and their children. Now, in the seventies, the advocates of economic reform
will introduce free trade in grain, so that the most deprived regions of the country will have to compete in the open market. But a little riot or two, and on go the controls again. In 1770, the Abbé Terray, the Comptroller General of Finance, acted very quickly to reimpose price controls, levies, restrictions on the movement of grain. He sought no opinions, just acted by royal decree. “Despotism!” cried those who had eaten that day.
Bread is the main thing to understand: the staple of speculation, the food for all theories about what happens next. Fifteen years from now, on the day the Bastille falls, the price of bread in Paris will be at its highest in sixty years. Twenty years from now (when it is all over), a woman of the capital will say: “Under Robespierre, blood flowed, but the people had bread. Perhaps in order to have bread, it is necessary to spill a little blood.”
 
 
T
he King called to the ministry a man named Turgot, to be Comptroller General of Finance. Turgot was forty-eight years old, a new man, a rationalist, a disciple of
laissez-faire.
He was energetic, bursting with ideas, full of the reforms he said must be made if the country was to survive. In his own opinion, he was the man of the hour. One of his first actions was to ask for cuts in expenditure at Versailles. The Court was shocked. Malesherbes, a member of the King’s Household, advised the minister to move with greater caution; he was making too many enemies. “The needs of the people are enormous,” Turgot replied brusquely, “and in my family we die at fifty.”
In the spring of 1775 there was widespread rioting in market towns, especially in Picardy. At Versailles, eight thousand townspeople gathered at the palace and stood hopefully gazing up at the royal windows. As always, they thought that the personal intervention of the King could solve all their problems. The Governer of Versailles promised that the price of wheat in the town would be pegged. The new King was brought out to address the people from a balcony. They then dispersed without violence.
In Paris, mobs looted the bakers on the Left Bank. The police made a few arrests, playing the situation softly, avoiding clashes. There were 162 prosecutions. Two looters, one a boy of sixteen, were hanged in the Place de Grève. May 11, 3 p.m.; it served as an example.
 
 
I
n July 1775, it was arranged that the young King and his lovely Queen would pay a visit to the College Louis-le-Grand. Such a visit was traditional
after coronations; but they would not stay or linger, for they had more entertaining things to do. It was planned that they should be met, with their retinue, at the main gate, that they should descend from their carriage, and that the school’s most industrious and meritorious pupil would read them a loyal address. When the day came, the weather was not fine.
An hour and a half before the guests could reasonably be expected, the students and staff assembled at the rue Saint-Jacques gate. A posse of officials turned up on horseback, and pushed them back and rearranged them, none too gently. The scanty spots of rain became a steady drizzle. Then came the attendants and bodyguards and persons-in-waiting; by the time they had disposed themselves everyone was cold and wet, and had stopped jockeying for position. No one remembered the last coronation, so nobody had any idea that it was all going to take so long. The students huddled in miserable groups, and shifted their feet, and waited. If anyone stepped out of line for a moment the officials jumped forward and shoved him back, flourishing weapons.
Finally the royal carriage drew up. People now stood on their toes and craned their necks, and the younger ones complained that it wasn’t fair that they couldn’t see a thing after waiting all this time. Father Poignard, the principal, approached and bowed. He began to say a few words he had prepared, in the direction of the royal conveyance.
The scholarship boy’s mouth felt dry. His hand shook a little. But because of the Latin, no one would detect his provincial accent.
The Queen bobbed out her lovely head and bobbed it in again. The King waved, and muttered something to a man in livery, who conveyed it by a sneer down a line of officials, who conveyed it by dumb show to the waiting world. All became clear; they would not descend. The address must be read to Their Majesties as they sit snug in the coach.
Father Poignard’s head was whirling. He should have had carpets, he should have had canopies, he should have had some kind of temporary pavilion erected, perhaps bedecked with green boughs in the fashionable rustic style, perhaps with the royal arms on display, or the monarchs’ entwined monograms made out of flowers. His expression grew wild, repentant, remote. Luckily, Father Herivaux remembered to give the nod to the scholarship boy.
The boy began, his voice gathering strength after the first few nervous phrases. Father Herivaux relaxed; he had written it, coached the boy. And he was satisfied, it sounded well.
The Queen was seen to shiver. “Ah!” went the world. “She shivered!” A half-second later, she stifled a yawn. The King turned, attentive. And
what was this? The coachman was gathering the reins! The whole ponderous entourage stirred and creaked forward. They were going—the welcome not acknowledged, the address not half-read.
The scholarship boy did not seem to notice what was happening. He just went on orating. His face was set and pale, he was looking straight ahead. Surely he must know that by now they are driving down the street?
The air was loud with unvoiced sentiment. All term we’ve been planning this … . The crush moved, aimlessly, on the spot. The rain was coming down harder now. It seemed rude to break ranks and dash for cover, yet no ruder than what the King and Queen had done, driving off like that, leaving Thing talking in the middle of the street … .
Father Poignard said, “It’s nothing personal. It’s nothing we did, surely? Her Majesty was tired … .”
“Might as well talk to her in Japanese, I suppose,” said the student at his elbow.
Father Poignard said, “Camille, for once you are right.”
The scholarship boy was now concluding his speech. Without a smile, he bid a fond and loyal good-bye to the monarchs who were no longer in sight, and hoped that the school would have the honor, at some future time …
A consoling hand dropped on his shoulder. “Never mind, de Robespierre, it could have happened to anybody.”
Then, at last, the scholarship boy smiled.
 
 
T
hat was Paris, July 1775. In Troyes, Georges-Jacques Danton was about halfway through his life. His relatives did not know this, of course. He was doing well at school, though you could not describe him as settled. His future was the subject of family discussion.
 
 
S
o: in Troyes one day, near the cathedral, a man was drawing portraits. He was trying to sketch the passersby, throwing occasional glances at the sky and humming to himself. It was a catchy, popular air.
No one wanted to be sketched; they pushed past and bustled on. He did not seem put out—it seemed to be his proper occupation, on a fine and pleasant afternoon. He was a stranger—rather dandified, with a Parisian air. Georges-Jacques Danton stood in front of him. In fact, he hovered conspicuously. He wanted to look at the man’s work and to get
into conversation. He talked to everyone, especially to strangers. He liked to know all about people’s lives.
“Are you at leisure to be portrayed?” The man did not look up; he was putting a fresh sheet of paper on his board.
The boy hesitated.
The artist said, “You’re a student, you’ve no money, I know. But you do have that face—sweet Jesus, haven’t you had a busy time? Never seen a set of scars quite like it. Just stay still while I do you in charcoal a couple of times, then you can have one of them.”
Georges-Jacques stood still to be drawn. He watched the man out of the corner of his eye. “Don’t talk,” the artist said. “Just do me that terrifying frown—yes, just so—and I’ll talk to you. My name is Fabre, Fabre d’Églantine. Funny name, you say. Why d’Églantine? you ask. Well, since you ask—in the literary competiton of 1771, I was awarded a wreath of eglantine by the Academy of Toulouse. A signal, coveted, memorable honor—don’t you think? Yes, quite right, I’d rather have had a small gold bar, but what can you do? My friends pressed me to add the suffix ‘d’Églantine’ to my own homely appellation, in commemoration of the event. Turn your head a little. No, the other way. So—you say—if this fellow is fêted for his literary efforts, what is he doing making sketches in the street?”
“I suppose you must be versatile,” Georges-Jacques said.
“Some of your local dignitaries invited me to read my work,” Fabre said. “Didn’t work out, did it? I quarreled with my patrons. No doubt you’ve heard of artists doing something of that sort.”
Georges-Jacques
observed him, as best he could without turning his head. Fabre was a man in his mid-twenties, not tall, with unpowdered dark hair cut short. His coat was well brushed but shiny at the cuffs; his linen was worn. Everything he said was both serious and not serious. Various experimental expressions chased themselves across his face.
BOOK: A Place of Greater Safety
3.39Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

Other books

Red Moon Rising by Peter Moore
A Mistress for Stansted Hall by Fenella J Miller
Set Me Alight by Leviathan, Bill
Book of Shadows by Alexandra Sokoloff
Black Lace Quickies 3 by Kerri Sharpe
Kiss List by J. S. Abilene
Peter Pan Must Die by John Verdon
Trophy for Eagles by Boyne, Walter J.