Austerity Britain, 1945–51 (107 page)

20. Barnett,
Verdict
, p 389; Holden,
Vauxhall
, p 57; Turner,
Leyland
, p 90;
The Times
, 23 Aug 1999 (Gerald Palmer obituary); Steve Jefferys, ‘The Changing Face of Conflict’, in Terry and Edwards,
Shopfloor Politics
, pp 61–6; Salmon, ‘Wage Strategy’, p 194;
Dictionary of Business Biography, Volume
3 (1985), p 858 (entry by Richard Overy);
Dictionary of Labour Biography, Volume IX
(Basingstoke, 1993), p 79 (entry by Alistair Tough); John McIlroy, ‘“Every Factory Our Fortress”’,
Historical
Studies in Industrial Relations
(Autumn 2001), pp 81–2; Etheridge Papers (Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick), 202/S/J/8/7, 202/S/J/8/5.

10 Andy Is Waving Goodbye

1.
The Times
, 21 Mar 1996,
Independent
, 22 Mar 1996 (Barry Appleby obituaries); Colin MacInnes,
English, Half English
(1986), p 41.

2.
Picture Post
, 14 Apr 1950.

3.
Marcus Morris,
The Best of Eagle
(1977), pp 3, 65. See also Sally Morris and Jan Hallwood,
Living with Eagles
(1998).

4.
The Times
, 31 Dec 1988 (John Bryant);
Independent
, 1 Apr 1996 (Jim White). See also Denis Gifford,
The British Comic Catalogue,
1874
–
1974 (1975).

5.
Nick Clarke,
The Shadow of a Nation
(2003), pp 51–2; Hodgson, 14 May 1950; Theo Aronson,
Princess Margaret
(1997), p 113;
Times Literary Supplement
, 4 Oct 1996 (Anthony Howard);
Daily Mail
, 11 Feb 2002;
Picture Post
, 12 Aug 1950.

6.
Times Literary Supplement
, 24 Mar 1950;
Spectator
, 7 Apr 1950; Humphrey Carpenter,
The Angry Young Men
(2002), p 50. For a subtle and convincing reappraisal of Cooper, see: D. J. Taylor, ‘Behind the Scenes’,
Times Literary Supplement
, 9 Jun 2006.

7. Dan Smith,
An Autobiography
(Newcastle upon Tyne, 1970), pp 1–33;
Proceedings
of the Council of the City and County of Newcastle upon Tyne for
1950
–
1951 (Newcastle upon Tyne, 1951), pp 16–17, 96. In the absence of a biography of Smith, see also the special issue of
North East Labour History
(1994, Bulletin no 28).

8.
Dan Jacobson, ‘Time of Arrival’, in Ian Hamilton (ed),
The Penguin Book of
Twentieth-Century Essays
(1999), p 300; Hodgson, 19 Mar 1950; Raynham, 1 May 1950; Golden, 26 Apr 1950, 16 Jul 1950; Robert J. Wybrow,
Britain Speaks Out,
1937
–
87 (Basingstoke, 1989), p 29.

9.
The New Yorker
, 29 Apr 1950; Reader’s Digest,
Yesterday’s Britain
(1998), pp 204– 5;
Guardian
, 27 Dec 1990 (Raitz interview).

10.
Independent
, 11 Nov 1989 (Ronay interview);
Independent
, 9 Sept 2000 (Patten interview); Stuart Hylton,
Reading in the
1950
s
(Stroud, 1997), pp 9, 23.

11
.
Observer
, 18 Jun 1950;
Times Literary Supplement
, 26 Nov 1999 (Arabella Boxer);
Guardian
, 24 Apr 2004 (Ian Jack). In general on David, see: Artemis Cooper,
Writing at the Kitchen Table
(1999).

12
.
Dictionary of Labour Biography, Volume II
(1974), pp 304–11 (entry by Margaret Cole); Raymond Postgate (ed),
The Good Food Guide,
1951
–
1952 (1951), pp 7, 132;
Independent
, 8 Jul 1989 (Anthony Howard). See also Clarke,
Shadow
, pp 135–6.

Independent
13.
Independent
, 30 Nov 1999 (Steve Connor).

14
.
Independent
, 30 May 1998 (Eddie Baily interview), 10 Feb 1996 (Neil Franklin obituary by Ivan Ponting). See also: Stephen Wagg,
The Football World
(Brighton, 1984), p 85; Rogan Taylor and Andrew Ward,
Kicking and Screaming
(1995), chap 8.

15
. Vijay P. Kumar,
Cricket Lovely Cricket
(New York, 2000), p 124; Mike Phillips and Trevor Phillips,
Windrush
(1998), pp 101, 103;
London Is The Place For Me
(CD) (2002).

16
. David Rayvern Allen,
Arlott
(1994), pp 145–53; BBC WA,
Any Questions?
, 8 Dec 1950;
Like It Was: The Diaries of Malcolm Muggeridge
(1981), p 401.

17
. Jacobson, ‘Time of Arrival’, p 301; John Barron Mays,
Growing Up in the City
(Liverpool, 1954), p 43;
Picture Post
, 22 Apr 1950; Michael Banton,
The Coloured
Quarter
(1955), pp 182–9.

18
. Steven Tolliday, ‘High Tide and After’, in Bill Lancaster and Tony Mason (eds),
Life and Labour in a Twentieth-Century City
(Coventry, 1986?), p 207; Richard Holt,
Stanmore Golf Club,
1893
–
1993 (Stanmore, 1993), p 63;
The Times
, 9 Jul 1990,
Independent
, 10 Jul 1990 (obituaries of Dick Turpin).

19
. Michael Banton, ‘The Influence of Colonial Status upon Black-White Relations in England, 1948–58’,
Sociology
(Nov 1983), pp 549–55.

20
. Kathleen Paul,
Whitewashing Britain
(Ithaca, 1997), p 132; John Barnes,
Ahead of
His Age
(1979), p 427; D. W. Dean, ‘Coping with Colonial Immigration, the Cold War and Colonial Policy’,
Immigrants & Minorities
(Nov 1987), pp 324–5; Randall Hansen, ‘The Politics of Citizenship in 1940s Britain’,
Twentieth Century British
History
, 10/(1999), pp 91–3.

21
.
Guardian
, 23 Jul 2005 (Caryl Phillips), 22 Jun 1995 (Maya Jaggi).

22
. Roland Quinault, ‘Britain 1950’,
History Today
(Apr 2001), p 17; Banton,
Coloured
Quarter
, p 190; Donald Hinds,
Journey to an Illusion
(1966), pp 60–61.

23
. Barbara Pym,
Some Tame Gazelle
(Grafton Books edn, 1981), p 5; Hazel Holt,
A
Lot to Ask
(1990), p 151;
New Statesman
, 1 Jul 1950;
The Dictionary of National
Biography:
1971
–
1980 (Oxford, 1986), p 695 (entry by Philip Larkin); Barbara Pym Papers (Bodleian Library, Oxford), 163/1, fol 10.

24
. Cliff Goodwin,
To Be A Lady
(1995), pp 156–8;
The Times
, 12 Jun 1998 (Cookson obituary). See also Robert Colls, ‘Cookson, Chaplin and Common’, in K.D.M. Snell (ed),
The Regional Novel in Britain and Ireland,
1800
–
1990 (Cambridge, 1998), pp 164–200.

25
. Margaret Drabble,
Angus Wilson
(1995), pp 167–74.

26
. This paragraph is based on: Adam Sisman,
A.J.P. Taylor
(1994), pp 196–7; Mervyn Jones,
Michael Foot
(1994), pp 177–8; Asa Briggs,
Sound and Vision
(Oxford, 1995), pp 548–51; Kathleen Burk,
Troublemaker
(New Haven, 2000), pp 383–6.

27
.
Independent
, 7 Jun 1999 (Brough obituary); Cliff Goodwin,
When the Wind
Changed
(1999), pp 128–31.

28
. Haines, 5 Jul 1950; David Oswell,
Television, Childhood and the Home
(Oxford, 2002), pp 56, 63, 64; Hilary Kingsley and Geoff Tibballs,
Box of Delights
(1989), p 13; BBC WA, R9/13/51.

29
. E. W. Swanton,
Sort of a Cricket Person
(1972), p 172; Swanton,
As I Said at the
Time
(1983), p 308;
Wisden Cricketers’ Almanack,
1951 (1951), p 276; Stephen Wagg, ‘“Time Gentlemen Please”’, in Adrian Smith and Dilwyn Porter (eds),
Amateurs and Professionals – Post-War British Sport
(2000), pp 31–59; Rex Warner and Lyle Blair,
Ashes to Ashes
(1951), pp 29, 101.

30
.
Picture Post
, 15/29 Jul 1950.

31
.
Independent
, 14 May 1996 (Malcolm Hornsby), 26 Oct 1998 (Lord Sainsbury obituary by Robert Butler); Reader’s Digest,
Yesterday’s Britain
, p 205; Margaret Forster,
Hidden Lives
(1995), pp 165–9.

32
.
Independent
, 26 Jun 1993 (Colin Welland); Joe Orton Papers (Special Collections, University of Leicester), 1/20/1, 10 Aug 1950; Speed, 19 Aug 1950.

33. John Hilton Bureau Papers (Special Collections, University of Sussex), Box 12: Journal 1949–54, ‘Extracts from Letters’, 31 Aug 1950; Speed, 13 Aug 1950; M-O A, D 5353, 14 Aug 1950.

11 The Heaviest Burden

1.
Streat, pp 528–30; Patrick Gordon Walker,
Political Diaries,
1932
–
1971 (1992), p 187. 2. Bernard Donoughue and G. W. Jones,
Herbert Morrison
(2001), p 456; Mervyn

2.
Jones,
Michael Foot
(1994), p 179; Robert J. Wybrow,
Britain Speaks Out,
1937
–
87 (Basingstoke, 1989), p 29.

3.
Kenneth Harris,
Attlee
(1982), p 452; Peter Clarke,
The Cripps Version
(2002), pp 496–7; Neil Rollings, ‘“Poor Mr Butskell”’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 5/2 (1994), pp 189–95; Glen O’Hara, ‘British Economic and Social Planning, 1959– 1970’ (PhD, University of London, 2002), p 6; Kenneth O. Morgan,
Callaghan
(Oxford, 1997), pp 106–7.

4. Scott Kelly, ‘Ministers Matter’,
Contemporary British History
(Winter 2000), pp 39–40;
Financial Times
, 11 Jul 1950.

5. Brian Brivati,
Hugh Gaitskell
(1996), p 116; Philip M. Williams,
Hugh Gaitskell
(1979), p 214.

6.
Fabian, G 50/3;
Political Quarterly
(Jan–Mar 1953), p 103; Matthew Hilton, ‘The Fable of the Sheep’,
Past & Present
(Aug 2002), pp 234–5; Martin Francis, ‘Economics and Ethics’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 6/2 (1995), p 240; Asa Briggs,
Michael Young
(Basingstoke, 2001), p 99.

7.
Listener
, 8 Jun 1950; Francis, ‘Economics and Ethics’, p 239; Susan Crosland,
Tony
Crosland
(1982), p 54.

8.
Robert Shepherd,
Iain Macleod
(1994), pp 59–61; Robert Walsha, ‘The One Nation Group’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 11/(2000), pp 193–4; Iain Macleod and Angus Maude (eds),
One Nation
(1950), pp 18, 90.

9.
New Statesman
, 22 Apr 1950; A. H. Halsey,
No Discouragement
(1996), p 218; Alan Deacon, ‘Richard Titmuss’,
Journal of Social Policy
(Apr 1993), pp 236–7; Hilary Rose, ‘Rereading Titmuss’,
Journal of Social Policy
(Oct 1981), pp 480–81; Margaret Gowing, ‘Richard Morris Titmuss’, in
Proceedings of the British Academy
(1975), p 428; David Reisman,
Richard Titmuss
(Basingstoke, 2001), pp 22–3. See also Ann Oakley,
Man and Wife
(1996), a remarkable portrait of her parents’ early years.

10
. Ben Pimlott,
Hugh Dalton
(1985), p 580; Alan Bullock,
Ernest Bevin: Foreign Secretary,
1945
–
1951 (Oxford, 1983), p 782; John Campbell,
Edward Heath
(1993), p 76; Edward Pearce,
Denis Healey
(2002), p 141; Mamaine Koestler,
Living with
Koestler
(1985), p 159.

11
.
The New Yorker
, 17 Jun 1950;
New Statesman
, 10 Jun 1950; Alan McKinley et al, ‘Reluctant Europeans?’,
Business History
(Oct 2000), p 96; Edmund Dell,
A Strange
Eventful History
(1999), p 188.

12
. David Kynaston,
The Financial Times
(1988), p 230; Peter Hennessy,
Never Again
(1992), p 410; Bullock,
Ernest Bevin
, p 799; David Marquand,
The Progressive
Dilemma
(1999), p 125.