Battle Field Angels (40 page)
1
. “Military Medical History,”
United States Army Medical Department Center and School Correspondence Course
: 2–9.
2
. “Surgical Memoirs of the War of the Rebellion v.2,”
United States Sanitary Commission
(1871): 63.
3
. Michael Zbailey, “Dispatch Delayed,”
The Washington Post
(July 8, 2001): F–1.
4
. John Billings,
John Shaw Billings A Memoir
(New York City: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1915), p. 65.
5
. Richard Wheeler,
Voices of the Civil War
(New York City: Crowell Company, 1976), p. 219.
6
. Mary C. Gillett,
The Army Medical Department, 1818–1865
(Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, U.S. Army, 1987), p. 279.
7
. Zbailey, “Dispatch Delayed:” F–1.
8
. Wheeler Lipes, multiple Bureau of Medicine & Surgery oral history interviews, 1986, 1993.
9
.
Ibid
.
10
.
Ibid.
11
. Albert Maisel,
Miracles of Military Medicine
(Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1943), p. 236.
12
.
Ibid
.
13
. George Weller, “One Merchant Ship, One Oil Tanker And One Successful Appendectomy,”
The Chicago Daily News
(December 14, 1942).
14
. James Fife, Commander Submarine Squadron Two,
FC5-1/A16-3/SS194 Report
(October 20, 1942).
15
. Admiral Thomas G. Walsh, SS188/A9-8 Submarine Squadron Two Memorandum (October 22, 1942).
16
. Admiral C. A. Lockwood, Jr.,
SSWP/P4-1/P15/MM Memorandum
(October 27, 1942).
17
. Jan Herman, Bureau of Medicine & Surgery, interview with the author, May 10, 2005.
18
.
Ibid
.
19
.
Ibid
.
20
.
Ibid
.
21
. __________, “One Merchant Ship, One Oil Tanker, and One Successful Appendectomy,”
U.S. Navy Medicine
(January–February 1987): 23.
22
. Joseph H. Alexander,
Across the Reef: The Marine Assault of Tarawa
(Collingdale, PA: Diane Publishing, 1996), p. 1.
23
. Ray Duffee, interview with author, March 2005.
24
. Irving Werstein,
Tarawa, A Battle Report
(New York City: Crowell Publishing, 1965), p. 25.
25
.
Ibid
., p. 53.
26
.
Ibid
., p. 67.
27
. John Costello,
The Pacific War 1941–45
(New York City: HarperCollins, 1982), p. 433.
28
.
Ibid
., p. 435.
29
. Duffee interview, March 2005.
30
.
Ibid
.
31
.
Ibid
.
32
.
Ibid
.
33
.
Ibid
.
34
.
Ibid
.
35
.
Ibid
.
36
. John Costello,
The Pacific War 1941–1945
, p. 437.
37
. Howard Jablon,
David M. Shoup
(Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005), p. 46.
38
. George Chilcoat,
The Children of Topaz
(New York City: Holiday House, 1996), p. 45.
39
. Masayo Umezawa,
Unlikely Liberators: the Men of the 110th & 442nd
(Toyko: Bungeishunjusha, 1983), pp. 207–208.
40
.
Ibid.
, p. 208.
41
. Oregon State Archives, a division of the Secretary of State’s Office, Salem, OR.
42
. Manzanar National Historic Site exhibit, National Park Service.
43
. White House Office of the Press Secretary, June 21, 2000.
44
. Joe Marquez, interview with the author, February 24, 2005.
45
.
Ibid
.
46
.
Ibid
.
47
.
Ibid
.
48
.
Ibid
.
49
. Joe Marquez interview, February 2005.
50
.
Ibid
.
51
.
Ibid
.
52
.
Ibid
.
53
.
Ibid
.
54
. Richard Newcomb,
Iwo Jima
(New York City: Macmillan, 2002), p. 33.
55
. Gary Toyn, “The Quiet Hero: The Untold Medal of Honor Story of George E. Wahlen,” (Clearfield, UT: American Legacy Media, 2006), p. 218.
56
. “Jack Williams, An Unlikely Hero,” Historical summary prepared by the Boone County Historical & Railroad Society in Harrison, Arkansas, p. 4.
57
. Captain William Silliphant, USN, “Under the Japs in Bilibid,” Prisoner-of-war diary, 1941–1945, p. 85.
58
.
Ibid
., p. 35.
59
. A. B. Feuer,
FDR’s Prisoner Spy, The POW Diary of CDR Thomas Hayes, USN
(Pacifica, CA: Pacifica Press, 1987), p. 6.
60
.
Ibid
., p. 55.
61
. Captain William Silliphant, USN, “Under the Japs in Bilibid,” p. 127.
62
. Joe Keenan, letter to his family, March 1953.
63
.
Ibid
.
64
. Everett C. Jones, letter to Mike Keenan, March 10, 1992.
65
. Mark. T. Hacala, USNR, “Commandant Awards Navy Cross for Heroism in a Forgotten War,”
Navy Medicine
(July–August 1992), p. 10.
66
.
Ibid
.
67
. Keenan Family Archives.
68
.
Ibid
.
69
.
Ibid
.
70
.
Ibid
.
71
.
Ibid
.
72
. Transcript of Joseph Keenan Award Ceremony, May 12, 1999.
73
.
Ibid
.
74
.
Ibid
.
75
. Ed Blecksmith, Larry Nunez, interviews with the author, January 2005.
76
. Nory Trevino, interview with the author, January 2005.
77
. Craig Sullivan, interview with the author, January 2005.
78
.
Ibid
.
79
.
Ibid
.
80
. Nunez interview, January 2005.
81
. Ray Harton, interview with the author, February 2005.
82
. Fr. Daniel L. Mode,
The Grunt Padre
(Oak Lawn, IL: CMJ Marian Publishers, 2000), p. 132.
83
. Vincent Capodanno Medal of Honor Recommendation to Submission to the Secretary of the Navy, including signed statement by Frederick W. Tancke, October 9, 1967, p. 6.
84
. Blecksmith interview, January 2005.
85
. Harton interview, February 2005.
86
. Zulema Leal, interview with the author, January 2005.
87
. Dr. Gary Kirchner, interview with the author, September 2006.
88
. Dr. Samuel Mowad, interview with the author, January 2007.
89
. Kirchner interview, September 2006.
90
. Gregory Freeman,
Sailors to the End
(New York City: HarperCollins, 2004), p.222.
91
. Rory Quinn, interview with the author, January 2007.
92
. Lance Corporal Ben Eberle, “Hospital Corpsman Receives Bronze Star,”
Marine Corps News
(April 13, 2006).
93
. Brad Watson, interview with the author, January 2007.
94
. Rory Quinn, January 2007.
95
. Neil Frustaglio, interview with the author, February 2007.
96
.
Ibid
.
97
. Kurtis Bellmont, interview with the author, February 2007.
98
. Brad Watson, January 2007.
99
.
Ibid
.
100
. Transcript of Leoncio award ceremony, April 6, 2006.
101
. Allen Breed, “Soldier in Famous Photo Never Defeated ‘Demons’,”
Associated Press
, July 20, 2008.
102
. Brett T. Litz and William E. Schlenger, “PTSD in Service Members and New Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars,”
PTSD Research Quarterly
, Vol. 20, No. 1, Winter 2009.
103
. Paul Baviello presentation. Used with permission.
First published in Great Britain in 2011 by Osprey Publishing,
Midland House, West Way, Botley, Oxford, OX2 0PH, UK
44-02 23rd Street, Suite 219, Long Island City, NY 11101,USA
E-mail:
[email protected]
©2011 Scott McGaugh
All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be addressed to the Publishers.
Every attempt has been made by the Publisher to secure the appropriate permissions for material reproduced in this book. If there has been any oversight we will be happy to rectify the situation and written submission should be made to the Publishers.
Scott McGaugh has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the author of this work.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Print ISBN: 978 1 84908 515 1
PDF ebook ISBN: 978 1 84908 909 8
ePub ebook ISBN: 978 1 84908 867 1
Jacket design and page layout by Brainchild Studios/NYC
Index by Alan Thatcher
Typeset in Janson Text
Originated by United Graphics Pte, Singapore
Printed in China through Worldprint Ltd.
11 12 13 14 15 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Osprey Publishing is supporting the Woodland Trust, the UK’s leading woodland conservation charity, by funding the dedication of trees.
Front Cover: During World War II, a corpsman helps stabilize a casualty on Peleliu while awaiting transport to a nearby aid station.
(U.S. Marine Corps)
© Osprey Publishing. Access to this book is not digitally restricted. In return, we ask you that you use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. Please don’t upload this pdf to a peer-to-peer site, email it to everyone you know, or resell it. Osprey Publishing reserves all rights to its digital content and no part of these products may be copied, storedin a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise (except as permitted here), without the written permission of the publisher. Please support our continuing book publishing programme by using this pdf responsibly.