Authors: Colin Dickey
Cranioklepty (31 page)
Woolf, Virginia
140
â141,
233
â234
CKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many people helped with the development of this book. Thanks to Bruce Smith for his initial encouragement, to Colby Chamberlain and Sina Najafi at
Cabinet
Magazine, and to Mark Allen and Jason Brown at Machine Project. Thanks also to the following people who provided information, resources, translation assistance and other help: William Meredith, Patricia Stroh, Michael Reeve, Sarah Symmons, James Wilson, Erin Sullivan, Ariane Simard, Seth Sherwood, Anna Dhody, Julie Gardham, and Tia Resleure. Any errors in fact or judgment are mine, not theirs. Special thanks to the wonderful folks at Unbridled Books, in particular Fred Ramey, who nurtured this book from its beginning and without whom it never would have seen the light of day. Above all thanks to Nicole, for reasons too numerous to list.
1
Quoted in Karl Geiringer,
Haydn: A Creative Life in Music,
3rd ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982), p. 189. Further information on Haydn's last days can be found in H. C. Robbins Landon,
Haydn: The Late Years, 1801â1809
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1977), pp. 379â390.
2
Edmund Burke,
A Philosophical Enquiry
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990), p. 53.
3
Quoted in James Webster, “
The Creation,
Haydn's Late Vocal Music, and the Musical Sublime,” in Elaine Sisman, ed.,
Haydn and His World
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997), pp. 65.
4
Geiringer, p. 191.
5
Joseph Carl Rosenbaum,
The Haydn Yearbook V: The Diaries of Joseph Carl Rosen-baum
, edited by Else Radant, translated by Eugene Hartzell (Vienna: Theodore Presser Company, 1968), p. 156.
6
Ibid., p. 157.
7
Ibid.
8
Ibid.
9
Carlos Fuentes,
The Buried Mirror
(New York: Mariner Books, 1999) p. 230.
10
Emanuel Swedenborg,
The Spiritual Diary of Emanuel Swedenborg,
in five volumes, translated by George Bush and John H. Smithson (London: James Speirs, 1883), volume II, pp. 68-69.
11
Thomas Browne,
Religio Medici, Hydrotaphia, and the Garden of Cyrus,
edited by R. H. A. Robbins (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972) pp. 91, 117.
12
Nahum Capen, “Biography of the Author,” in J. G. Spurzheim,
Phrenology: In Connexion with the Study of Physiognomy
(Boston: Marsh, Capen & Lyon, 1834), p. 13.
13
Johann Pezzl,
Sketch of Vienna,
in
Mozart and Vienna
, edited by H. C. Robbins Landon (New York: Schirmer Books, 1991), p. 55.
14
Ibid., p. 62.
15
More information on Angelo Soliman can be found in Philipp Blom,
To Have and to Hold
(Woodstock: Overlook Press, 2003) pp. 98â108.
16
Quoted in David Gramit,
Cultivating Music: The Aspirations, Interests, and Limits of German Musical Culture, 1770-1848
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002), p. 3.
17
Ibid., pp. 16.
18
Franz Joseph Gall,
On the Origin of the Moral Qualities and Intellectual Faculties of Man, and the Conditions of Their Manifestation,
translated by Winslow Lewis (Boston: Marsh, Capen & Lyon, 1835), p. 59.
19
Jean Starobinski,
The Invention of Liberty: 1700-1789,
translated by Bernard C. Swift (Geneva: Skira, 1964) p. 210.
20
René Descartes,
Discourse on Method, Optics, Geometry, and Meteorology
, translated by Paul J. Olscamp (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001) p. 65.
21
Quoted in Brian Burrell,
Postcards from the Brain Museum
(New York: Broadway Books, 2004) p. 49.
22
Quoted in ibid., pp. 47â48.
23
Quoted in David George Goyder,
My Battle for Life: The Autobiography of a Phrenologist
(London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., 1857), p. 138.
24
Quoted in Michael Hagner, “Skulls, Brains, and Memorial Culture: On Cerebral Biographies of Scientists in the Nineteenth Century,”
Science in Context,
Vol. 16, Nos. 1 & 2 (2003), pp. 200â201.
25
Franz Joseph Gall,
On the Functions of the Cerebellum,
translated by George Combe (Edinburgh: Maclachlan & Stewart, 1838), p. 328.
26
Peter J. Davies,
Mozart in Person: His Character and Health
(New York: Greenwood Press, 1989), p. 171
27
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 99.
28
Ibid., p. 113.
29
Ibid., p. 37.
30
Quoted in Gramit,
Cultivating Music,
p. 87.
31
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 53.
32
Sarah Bowditch,
Taxidermy: or, the Art of Collecting, Preparing, and Mounting Objects of Natural History
(London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1820), pp. 20-21.
33
Giacomo Leopardi,
Operette Morali: Essays and Dialogues,
Translated by Givanni Cecchetti (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982), p. 271.
34
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 47.
35
Ibid., p. 60.
36
Ibid., p. 72.
37
Ibid., p. 73.
38
Ibid., p. 87.
39
Ibid.
40
Immanuel Kant,
Critique of Judgement,
translated James Creed Meredith (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) p. 137.
41
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 142.
42
On the impact and influence of Roose on Viennese theater, see Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 143.
43
Quoted in Ruth Richardson,
Death, Dissection and the Destitute
(London: Phoenix Press, 2001) p. 55.
44
Quoted in Erik Larson,
The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair that Changed America
(New York: Vintage, 2003), pp. 150â151.
45
Patrick J. Geary,
Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990), pp. 132â133.
46
Browne,
Religio Medici, Hydrotaphia, and the Garden of Cyrus,
p. 47.
47
Raphael Brown (ed.),
The Little Flowers of St. Francis of Assisi
(New York: Doubleday, 1958) p. 236.
48
Quoted in Anneli Rufus,
Magnificent Corpses
(New York: Marlowe & Company, 1999) p. 5.
49
G. W. F. Hegel,
The Phenomenology of Spirit,
translated by A. V. Miller (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977), pp. 200, 197.
50
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 143.
51
Ibid.
52
Ibid.
53
Ibid., p. 144.
54
Ibid.
55
Ibid.
56
Ibid.
57
Ibid., p. 145.
58
Ibid.
59
Ibid.
60
Ibid., p. 146.
61
Ibid., p. 148.
62
Quoted in Gramit,
Cultivating Music
, p. 3.
63
Quoted in Geiringer, p. 189.
64
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 150.
65
Ibid.
66
Ibid.
67
Ibid., p. 151.
68
Ibid.
69
Ibid. pp. 153-154.
70
Rosenbaum,
The Diary of Carl Joseph Rosenbaum,
p. 155.
71
Ibid.
72
Ibid.
73
Ibid.
74
Quoted in Alexander Wheelock Thayer,
Thayer's Life of Beethoven
, revised and edited by Elliot Forbes (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964), p. 1023. Further information on Beethoven's last days can be found in Thayer,
Life of Beethoven,
pp. 973â1011, and in Peter J. Davies,
Beethoven in Person: His Deafness, Illnesses, and Death
(New York: Greenwood Press, 2001), pp. 71-99.
75
Thayer,
Life of Beethoven,
p. 1038.
76
Gerhard von Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
translated by Henry Mins and Maynard Solomon (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), p. 53.
77
Ibid., p. 72.
78
Ibid., p. 104.
79
Quoted in Davies,
Beethoven in Person,
pp. 87-88.
80
Ibid., p. 121.
81
Ibid., pp. 207-216.
82
The story of the “Guevara” lock of Beethoven's Hair is chronicled in Russell Martin,
Beethoven's Hair
(New York: Broadway Books, 2000).
83
Quoted in William Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,”
The Beethoven Journal,
Vol. 20, Nos. 1 & 2 (Summer & Winter 2005), p. 1.
84
Davies,
Beethoven in Person,
p. 103.
85
Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
p. 51.
86
Quoted in Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,” pp. 2-3.
87
Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
pp. 107-108.
88
Quoted in Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,” p. 3.
89
Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
p. 109.
90
Ibid.
91
Ibid.
92
Ibid.
93
Quoted in Goyder,
My Battle for Life
, p. 183.
94
Quoted in Folke Henschen,
Emanuel Swedenborg's Cranium: A Critical Analysis
(Uppsala: Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. IV, Vol. 17, No. 9. 1960), p. 14.
95
Quoted in Stephen Tomlinson,
Head Masters: Phrenology, Secular Education, and Nineteenth-Century Thought
(Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2005) p. 106.
96
George Combe,
A System of Phrenology
(Boston: Marsh, Capen and Lyon, 1838), p. viii.
97
Gall,
On the Functions of the Cerebellum,
p. 328.
98
George Eliot,
The George Eliot Letters, Volume I,
edited by Gordon Sherman Haight (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1954), p. 126. For more information on George Eliot and phrenology see Hugh Witemeyer,
George Eliot and the Visual Arts
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979), pp. 44-71.
99
George Eliot,
The George Eliot Letters, Volume II,
edited by Gordon Sherman Haight (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1954), p. 210.
100
George Eliot,
Scenes from Clerical Life
(London: Penguin, 1998), p. 197.
101
George Eliot,
Adam Bede
(London: Penguin, 2008), p. 10.
102
Quoted in Nathaniel Mackey,
Paracritical Hinge
(Madison: University of Wisconsin, 2005), p. 22.
103
Whitman's chart can be found in Madeleine B. Stern,
Heads & Headlines: The Phrenological Fowlers
(Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1971), pp. 102â105.
104
Ibid. p. 107.
105
Ibid., p. 132.
106
Mark Twain,
The Autobiography of Mark Twain,
edited by Charles Neider (New York: Harper Collins, 1959), pp. 85-87.
107
Ambrose Bierce,
The Unabridged Devil's Dictionary
, edited David E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2000), p. 181.
108
Information on Gustav Struve can be found in Priscilla Smith Robertson,
Revolutions of 1848: A Social History
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968) pp. 145â149.
109
Mario Vargas Llosa,
The War of the End of the World,
Translated by Helen R. Lane (New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1984), p. 14.
110
Quoted in Stern,
Heads and Headlines,
pp. 127â128.
111
Quoted in Richardson,
Death, Dissection and the Destitute,
pp. 168â169.
112
Ibid., p. 82.
113
Quoted in Hagner, “Skulls, Brains, and Memorial Culture,” p. 205.
114
Broling's and Hindmarsh's accounts are both reprinted in Johan Vilh. Hultkrantz,
The Mortal Remains of Emanuel Swedenborg
(Uppsala: Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. IV, Vol. 2, No. 9. 1910), pp. 3-10.