Dresden (64 page)

defeat of, 12–13, 169, 376–78, 386–88, 403, 412–13, 454–56

economy of, 56–57, 67, 149

ground forces of,
see
Wehrmacht industrial production of, 84, 97, 98, 124, 127, 129, 133, 137, 143, 148, 156–57, 175, 176–77, 180, 182, 188, 198, 218, 275, 373–79, 390, 402, 404, 413–16

Lebensraum
for, 411

navy of, 85, 117, 125, 127, 131, 149, 153, 158, 214–15, 281, 379

Nazi leadership of,
see
Nazis, Nazism

oil supplies of, 171, 175, 176–77, 181, 185, 191, 194, 201, 203, 204–5, 208, 221, 373, 390, 402

propaganda of, xii, 12–13, 100–101, 126, 134, 147, 184, 360–61, 402, 412, 434

public morale in, 82, 84, 87, 99, 119, 127–28, 134, 180, 182, 197–98

rearmament of, 57–59

Soviet advance into, 12–13, 163, 165, 170–71, 179–92, 200, 225–26, 375, 380, 382–86, 392, 406–11, 455

“total war” strategy of, xii, 39, 147, 170

Germany, Occupied, 190, 382–86, 391–92, 394

Germany, Weimar, 40–44, 45

Germany, West, 422, 442, 443, 445

Gestapo, 49–50, 51, 52–53, 67–68, 72, 74, 154, 155, 233, 253, 263, 303

Giant bomber, 81

Gieseler, Fritz, 434

“ginger groups,” 114

Gläserkarrosserie GmbH Works III, 153

Gneisenau,
117–18

Godiva, Lady, 103

Goebbels, Joseph:

Allied bombing campaigns as viewed by, 100–101, 126, 129–30, 133–34, 404

anti-Semitism of, 66, 70, 156, 157

diary of, 47, 100–101, 129–30, 133–34, 404

Dresden firebombing as viewed by, xii, 12, 348, 359, 360–61, 362, 366–72, 393, 412, 443, 451

Hitler and, 348

as Nazi leader, 46, 55, 93, 348, 413

as propaganda minister, xii, 12–13, 100–101, 126, 134, 147, 184, 360–61, 362, 402, 412, 434

Goebbelsschnauze,
152

Goehle-Works, 136, 156, 157–58, 358–59

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 29, 208, 409

Goethe Society, 75, 461
n

Gone With the Wind,
103

Göring, Hermann, 46, 93, 94, 99, 109, 339, 366, 454, 455

Gotha bomber, 80, 81, 121

Goya, Francisco de, 417

Great Britain:

aircraft industry of, 99, 114

air force of,
see
Royal Air Force (RAF)

elections in (1945), 388, 407–8

empire of, 2, 83, 109, 119, 120, 122

German bombing campaigns against, 102–11

German invasion planned for, 99

parliament of, 111, 363–64, 372

public morale in, 129, 171–72, 354, 402

Greece, 110, 190

Griebel, Otto, 41, 51, 53–54, 72, 75, 253–54, 259–61, 262, 278

Grierson, Air Commodore, 361–63

Groehler, Olaf, 405, 406, 407, 408

Grosser Garten, 68, 138, 158, 230, 237, 254, 255, 259, 262, 263, 266–67, 278, 284, 296–97, 301, 302, 332, 423, 431–32, 441

Groves, Leslie R., 365–66, 454–55

Grüne Blatt,
430

Gruppe Nord,
375

Grynszpan, Herschel, 70

Guderian, Heinz, 225

Guernica
(Picasso), 90

Guernica bombing (1937), 88–91, 95, 425

Guhr & Stein, 196

guillotine, 160, 342

 

Hackel, Franz, 75

Hague Conference (1923), 87

Hague Convention (1907), 76

Haig, Douglas, 121

Halifax bomber, 111, 137, 140, 207, 223, 337, 374

Hall, Harold W., 319

Halle, 136

Hamburg firebombing (1943), 128, 131–34, 137, 142, 182, 189, 227, 245–46, 270, 353, 401, 402, 448

Hammitzsch, Martin, 61, 73

Hampden bomber, 97

Hampe, Erich, 355

Hanke, Karl, 184

Hanover, 208

Hapsburg, House of, 26

Hardt, Christine, 33

Harris, Arthur Travers:

air warfare as viewed by, 106, 109, 110, 115–16, 172–78, 377–78, 413

background of, 119–22

as Bomber Command chief, 122–30, 134, 137, 140, 144, 172–78, 183, 185, 191, 210–13, 256, 373, 377–78, 386–90, 402, 407, 413, 478
n

Churchill's bombing memorandum as viewed by, 377–78

Churchill's relationship with, 122, 174–75, 377–78, 387, 388–89

Dresden firebombing and, 191, 192, 210–13, 214, 368, 378, 451, 468
n

honors received by, 121, 130, 388–89

memoirs written by, 389

retirement of, 389–90

statue of, 422, 485
n

Harris, Caroline Maria, 119

Harris, George Steel Travers, 119

Hasdenteufel, Johannes, 154, 155

Hastings, Max, 403, 406, 407

Hauptbahnhof, 52, 161, 164, 196, 202, 217, 229, 230, 231, 248, 253, 254–55, 263, 277, 284, 286–87, 288, 294, 302, 324, 331, 342, 355–56, 421

Hay, Leslie, 209–10, 214, 215, 216, 219, 220, 221, 247–49, 274

Headlam, Cuthbert, 365

Health and Hygiene Exhibition (1928), 41

Hecht Quarter, 202

Heidefriedhof, 343, 351, 419–21, 447

Heidelberg, 426

Heinkel aircraft, 78, 127

Heinkel 111

bomber, 95, 102, 104

Heisenberg, Werner, 454, 455

Hellerau, 152

Hellerberg labor camp, 154–58, 159, 161, 306, 358

Henry the Illustrious, Count of Meissen, 15

Herder, Johann Gottfried, 30

Hermann Göring Housing Development, 341

Hicks, Doug, 282

High Command, British, 96

Himmler, Heinrich, 46, 94, 138, 206, 347, 348

Hindenburg, Paul von, 38, 49, 81

Hiroshima bombing, xii, 281, 389–90, 446, 454–56

Hirschel, Bernhard, 63

History of Germany in the Nineteenth Century
(Treitschke), 66

Hitler, Adolf:

anti-Semitism of, 69, 70, 156, 157

architectural ambitions of, 59–61

assassination attempt against, 308

dictatorship of, 45–46, 48, 57, 348

downfall of, 361, 383, 407, 412

Dresden firebombing as viewed by, 367

judicial system of, 159–60

military strategy of, 99, 108–11, 127, 130, 133, 165, 170–71, 403, 413–14

Mutschmann's support for, 46, 48, 55, 138, 383, 391

orders issued by, 136, 203

popular support for, 42, 54, 55–56, 57, 324, 357, 397, 402

rise to power of, 38, 42, 49, 56, 397, 414

suicide of, 383

Hitler, Angela, 61

Hitler Youth, 139, 147, 199, 234, 269

Hoch, Karl-Ludwig, 11–12, 13, 35, 197, 231, 357, 383, 421

Hochrote Hahn, Der
(Rumpf), 430–31

Hofjuden,
63

Hofkirche, 263, 398

Hohnstein fortress, 49–52

Holocaust, 420, 424, 446

Holy Roman Empire, 16, 18–19

Hopkins, Harry, 183

Hotel Bellevue, 56

Hotel Continental, 52–53, 263

Howard, Provost, 104–5

H2S radar, 137, 143, 219, 277, 318, 402, 403, 409

H2X radar, 318, 325

Hughes Mansions, 375

Hungary, 198, 200

Hurricane fighter, 98–99

Hürtgenwald, 170

hyperinflation, 40

 

Ibsen, Henrik, 30

Ica-Works, 358–59

Ihagee Camera, 56–57, 359

Imperial Defence College, 85

India, 83, 119, 120, 122

Inferno Dresden
(Weidauer), 445, 453

Infesto-Works, 153

Information Ministry, British, 117

Inner Neustadt Cemetery, 202

Intelligence Narrative of Operations No. 1007, 282–83

Inter-Ministerial Air War Damage Committee, 348

International Brigades, 88

International Military Control Mission (IMCM), 58

International Red Cross, 238

Iraq, 83, 122

Irving, David, xi, 192, 422, 431–36, 443–44, 447, 448, 467
n

Ismay, Lionel, 375

Italy, Fascist, 85, 88, 134

 

Jäckel, Günter, 55–56, 72–75, 78, 234–36, 272–73, 277, 327–28, 329, 330, 412, 440, 461
n

Jackson, Derek, 274–75

Japan, Imperial, 91, 118, 190, 365–66, 389–90, 455–56

Japanese Palace, 24, 245

J. C. Müller Universelle-Werke, 148, 150, 217, 308

Jeremiah, Lamentations of, vii

“Jew houses” (Judenhäuser), 71, 153–54, 196, 198, 232, 302–6

Jewish Agency, 73

Jews:

“court,” 63

in Dresden, 6–8, 31, 37, 47, 51, 52, 53, 62–75, 153–60, 161, 162–63, 196, 197–200, 260, 262–63, 302–8, 336, 349, 449, 460
n

Eastern vs. German, 65

expulsions of, 6, 62, 69–70, 73, 232–34, 262–63, 303

extermination of, 50, 52, 73, 74, 150, 151, 153–54, 155, 156–57, 161, 162–63, 233, 306, 307, 351, 354, 452

film documentary on, 153–54, 159

ghettos for, 150–51, 306

intermarriage by, 66–69, 155, 157–59, 198, 303

interrogation of, 51, 52, 53, 68

military service of, 67

Nazi extermination of, 50, 52, 73, 74, 150, 151, 153–54, 155, 156–57, 161, 162–63, 233, 306, 307, 351, 354, 420, 424, 446, 452

official regulation of, 67–70

persecution of, 12, 37, 43, 46, 51, 52, 53, 62, 65–75, 78, 155, 156–57

in Poland, 69–70, 78, 150

as racial category, 66–67

residential status of, 62–63

slave labor by, 150–59, 305–8, 358

yellow star worn by, 8, 233–34, 336

Johannstadt, 69, 237–40, 251–52, 255, 264–65, 268, 277–78, 298–99, 301, 330, 334, 358, 396, 397, 431, 442

John III Sobieski, King of Poland, 18–19

Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC), 179–80, 182, 183, 192, 206, 228, 412

Judenlager,
154, 155

Judenreferat, 67–68, 154, 158

Junkers 52

transport plane, 77, 78, 88–91, 98

Junkers 87

“Stuka” dive-bomber, 78

Jurk, Frau (eyewitness), 445

Justice Building, 67

Justizgebäude, 159–60

 

K-3 gunners, 204

Kammhuber, Walter, 132

Kampfgeschwader Lützow,
95

Kampfgruppe 100, German, 102–4, 106

Kannegiesser, Günther, 240, 252, 267–68, 277–78, 298–99, 323–24, 335–36, 352–53, 434

Kassel firebombing (1943), 140–41, 189, 270, 284

Kästner, Erich, 367

Kaufmann, Karl, 133–34

Keglerheim attack (1933), 43–44

Kesselsdorf, Battle of, 26, 32

Kiel, 92

Killinger, Manfred von, 47–49, 459
n Kindertransporte,
73

Kine Exakta single-reflex camera, 56–57

King, Cecil, 362

King-Salter, 180, 182

Klemperer, Eva, 303–4, 305, 336

Klemperer, Victor, 6–8, 48, 78, 99, 155, 157, 196, 198, 199, 232, 303–5, 336

Klotzsche air base, 13, 56, 243, 280–81, 336

Kluge, Dr., 71–72, 74

Kokoschka, Oskar, 41, 53

Koniev, I. S., 406

Königstein, 27

Korean War, 393

Kreuzkirche, 24, 25, 28, 36, 312, 422, 432, 433

Kreuzschule, 199, 202, 239, 259

Kristallnacht,
70–75

Kronentor, 23–24

Krupp munitions works, 57, 124

Kugelhaus, 41

Kuhn, Fritz, 371

Kuhn, Hannelore, 236–37, 270, 324, 328–31

Kühnemund, Gerhard, 268–69

Külz, Wilhelm, 47

Kurfürst,
16

Kurz, Anita, 145, 203, 237–39, 252, 265, 277–78, 290, 333–34, 335

Kurznachrichten für die vom Luftkrieg betroffene Bevölkerung,
335

Kyoto, 365–66

 

Labor Party (British), 407–8

Lancaster bomber, 2, 3–4, 7, 111, 137, 140, 173, 175, 211–12, 215, 221, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247–49, 277, 278, 280, 281, 337, 374, 426, 475
n

Lancaster “Y” aircraft, 281

landmines, 105

Lang, Nora, 203, 237, 238, 251–52, 265–66, 271–72, 277–78, 299–301, 331, 336, 343, 350

Lang, Werner, 303, 306

Laubegast, 324

Law for the Protection of School Aged Youth, 139

League of Nations, 87

Lebenszeichen
(Neutzner), xii–xiii Lee, Robert, 146

Le Good, 276–77, 282, 284

Lehmann, Behrend, 62–63

Leigh-Mallory, Trafford, 173

Leipzig, 5, 40, 62, 63, 66–67, 70, 136, 143, 183, 185–86, 187, 190, 218, 243, 382

Leipzig firebombing (1943), 140–43, 144, 173, 257–58, 270

Leningrad, Siege of, 411–12

Lenné, Paul Joseph, 60

Leofric, Earl of Mercia, 103

Leon, Jack D., 433

Leopold, Emperor of Austria, 18–19

Leuben, 358

Leuna synthetic oil plant, 136, 198

Ley, Robert, 367, 413

Liberator bomber, 2, 201, 203

Liebmann, Hermann, 51–52

Liegnitz, 228

Lindemann, Frederick A., Lord, 116

“Link” aircraft, 244–45

Liverpool Street Station bombing, 80

Lockheed P-51 Mustang fighter, 178, 188, 208, 235, 317, 320–21, 329, 431–33, 435–39, 441

Lockwitzgrund, 138, 165, 264