Empire of the Summer Moon: Quanah Parker and the Rise and Fall of the Comanches, the Most Powerful Indian Tribe in American History (71 page)

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Authors: S. C. Gwynne

Tags: #State & Local, #Kings and Rulers, #Native American, #Social Science, #Native American Studies, #Native Americans, #West (AK; CA; CO; HI; ID; MT; NV; UT; WY), #Wars, #Frontier and Pioneer Life, #General, #United States, #Ethnic Studies, #19th Century, #Southwest (AZ; NM; OK; TX), #Biography & Autobiography, #Comanche Indians, #West (U.S.), #Discrimination & Race Relations, #Biography, #History

BOOK: Empire of the Summer Moon: Quanah Parker and the Rise and Fall of the Comanches, the Most Powerful Indian Tribe in American History

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punitive expeditions against,
2
–11,
62
–72,
78
–88,
100
–101,
151
–59,
165
–72,
180
–81,
207
–21,
235
–57,
258
,
263
,
267
–87,
289
,
290
–91,
303
,
304
–7,
317

raids by,
3
–4,
8
,
9
–22,
24
,
30
,
34
,
50
,
56
,
61
,
62
–69,
72
,
74
,
77
–78,
87
–88,
91
–101,
108
,
109
,
115
–16,
131
,
141
,
151
–56,
157
,
158
,
164
,
166
,
171
–74,
207
–23,
231
,
232
–33,
250
–53,
263
,
266
–73

ransoms paid to,
19
,
37
,
85
,
102
–18,
120
–23,
179

rape by,
17
,
19
,
37
,
43
,
44
–45,
56
,
84
,
85
,
104
,
106
,
120
–21,
124
,
156
,
173
,
184
,
202
,
211
,
272

Red River sanctuary of,
275
,
276
–83,
294
–96

religious beliefs of,
27
,
41
–42,
45
,
87
,
91
–93,
94
,
95
,
98
,
181
–82,
184
,
198
–99,
264
–72,
281
,
285
,
286
,
289
,
290
,
299
–300,
303
,
313
–14

reputation of,
5
–7,
23
–25,
43
–45,
49
,
57
,
78
,
106
–7

on reservations,
204
,
226
–33,
241
,
251
,
252
,
256
,
257
,
266
–67,
273
,
274
–75,
284
–319,
339
n

rites of passage in,
198
–99

scalping by,
17
,
22
,
43
–44,
94
,
104
,
156
,
197
,
231
,
232
,
296

shields of,
98
,
132
,
175

slaves of,
40
–52,
121

social structure of,
24
,
27
–28,
31
–32,
41
–43,
48
–51,
110
–11,
151
–53,
222
–23,
328
n

songs of,
28
,
47
,
197

southern tribes of,
109
–17,
229
–30,
339
n

Spanish conflicts with,
2
,
10
,
19
,
23
–25,
26
,
28
–29,
49
,
53
–72,
75
–78,
82
,
83
,
89
,
104
,
131
–32,
159
,
160
,
325
n
,
326
n

starvation of,
164

striking range of,
24
–25,
31
–32,
58
–59

surrender of,
158
,
274
,
283
–87

taboos of,
42

territory of,
5
–7,
9
,
23
–25,
38
–40,
47
–50,
58
–69,
71
,
74
–78,
80
,
83
,
85
,
92
,
93
,
100
,
110
,
114
,
115
,
118
,
122
,
123
,
129
–30,
151
–53,
157
,
158
–59,
163
–70,
175
–76,
201
–2,
213
,
229
–31,
239
–40,
249
,
250
–57,
263
,
275
,
280
–81,
308
–10,
312
,
313
,
319

Texan conflicts of,
6
,
25
–26,
57
–68,
73
–78,
82
–88,
91
–111,
113
,
115
,
130
,
131
–50,
202
–4,
228
,
241
,
250
–53,
267
–72,
295

tipis used by,
47
,
80
,
96
,
101
,
171
,
196
,
215
,
239
,
240
,
254
,
255
,
290
,
291
,
301
,
303

torture used by,
17
,
22
,
37
,
43
–44,
52
,
56
,
57
,
66
–67,
84
,
85
,
88
,
106
,
173
,
272

trading by,
6
,
9
,
40
–41,
50
,
52
,
59
,
60
–61,
71
,
72
,
83
–84,
89
,
94
–95,
122
,
133
,
197
,
222
–23

treaties with,
6
,
24
,
49
,
59
,
66
,
69
,
71
–72,
74
,
82
–88,
107
,
114
–15,
133
,
159
–65,
170
–71,
209
,
224
–34,
240
–41,
283
,
295
–96,
309

tribal alliances of,
24
,
59
,
67
,
71
–72,
93
,
215
–19,
261
,
262
,
263
,
267
–72,
274
–75

tribal bands of,
3
,
37
–38,
48
–51,
61
,
65
,
70
,
85
,
87
,
88
,
89
–91,
93
,
107
–18,
158
,
164
,
203
,
209
,
229
,
241
,
251
,
255
,
256
,
266
–67,
279
,
290
;
see also specific bands

tribal enemies of,
24
,
28
,
43
–46,
47
,
51
,
55
–58,
59
,
62
–66,
67
,
68
,
70
,
71
,
79
,
80
,
89
,
98
,
100
,
104
,
108
,
114
,
134
,
196
–97,
231
,
267

villages of,
74
–78,
92
,
100
–101,
111
,
117
,
142
,
152
–53,
159
,
167
–70,
174
–76,
202
,
215
–21,
242
–49,
254–57,
276
–77,
280
–82

visions of,
91
–93,
95
,
199
,
264
–72,
285
,
289
,
290
,
300
,
314

war chiefs of,
50
–51,
91
–92,
151
–56,
157
,
197
,
203
,
328
n
,
337
n

warfare by,
1
–11,
18
,
42
,
43
–44,
50
–72,
78
–82,
83
,
95
,
98
,
114
–16,
142
–44,
165
–72,
206
,
240
–44,
258
,
259
,
319

war regalia of,
18
,
57
,
66
,
83
,
206
,
244
,
258
,
259
,
319

warrior culture of,
58
–59,
66
,
84
,
95
,
98
,
114
–16,
132
–34,
143
–44,
197
–98,
226
–31,
240
–44,
259
,
264
–66,
289

war whoops by,
66
,
95
,
98
,
243
–44

water sources of,
34
,
201
–2,
252
–54,
280

white prejudice against,
91
,
106
–7,
120
,
261

women of,
8
,
17
,
19
,
21
–22,
34
,
36
–52,
81
,
84
,
86
,
87
,
97
,
104
,
111
,
151
–53,
167
,
168
–69,
176
,
177
–93,
216
–17,
221
,
243
–44,
245
,
255
,
256
–57,
261
,
276
,
281
,
299