Five Days That Shocked the World: Eyewitness Accounts from Europe at the End of World War II (49 page)

final address to British people

Juliana, Princess

birthday celebrations

Junge, Traudl

later life

Kaiser.
See
Wilhelm II

Kaiser, Sergeant Major

Kaltenbrunner, Ernst

escape plan

hanged

Kammler, Hans

Karajan, Herbert von

Karnau, Herman

Kaufmann, Gauleiter

Keitel, Field Marshal

contempt of soldiers for

hanged

Kempf, Annemarie

Kempka, Erich

Kennedy, Jack

later life

at United Nations conference in San Francisco

Why England Slept

Kennedy, Joseph

Kennedy, Joseph, Jr., death of

Kesselring, Field Marshal

Khaldei, Lt. Yevgeny

Khrushchev, Nikita

Kiel

Kiev

killing, in war, effect on soldiers

Kinzel, Gen. Hans

Kissinger, Henry

later life

Kitzbühel

Klein, Fritz

executed

Klemperer, Eva

Klemperer, Victor

later life

Knappe, Major (staff officer)

Knappe, Siegfried (artillery officer)

Knef, Hildegard (Hildegard Neff)

later life

Koller, Gen. Karl

Komsomol

Koniev’s division

Köster, Ursula

Krakow

Kramer, Josef

executed

Krause, Standartenführer

Krebs, General

Krefeld

Krell, Max

Kreuzberg

Krüger, Else

later life

Kühlbach

Kuntsevo

Kunz, Dr., dentist chair of

Lago di Braies

Lake Carezza

Lake Como

Lake Eutin

Lancaster bombers

Landshut

Latin America

Latvia

Laval, Pierre

executed

League of Nations

Leahy, William

leaking to the press

Lee, John

Lee House, Washington, D.C.

Leipold, Josef

Lemnitzer, Lyman

Leningrad

Liechtenstein

Linden, Henning

Linge, Heinz

lipstick, for concentration camp survivors

Lithuania

Lloyd George, David

London, rocket attacks on

loot (Nazi booty)

looting (by conquering troops)

“Lord Haw-Haw.”
See
Joyce, William

Loren, Sofia (Sofia Villani Scicolone)

later life

Lorenz, Heinz

Loy, Leland

Lübeck

Lubianka prison, Moscow

Lüdde-Neurath, Walter

Lüdtke, Bobby

Luftwaffe

Lüneberg

Lüneberg Heath

Macher, Heinz

Macmillan, Harold

later life

Maddaloni

Makarov, Boris

malingering, charge of

Mann, Karl

Mansfeld, Erich

Manstein, Field Marshal von

Manziarly, Konstanze

Marchi, Giuseppe

Marienbad

Masalov, Nikolai

Maurel, Micheline

Maurer, Victor

Mauterndorf castle

Mauthausen work camp and stone quarry

May Day celebrations, Moscow, May 1

gun salutes

parade

May Day celebrations, Soviet Union, May 1, 1945, gun salutes in many cities

May Day celebrations, Sweden, May 1

Mayrhofen

McDonnell, Bob

medals, awarded to German troops in the last days of the War

medical experiments, Nazi

Mein Kampf

Mengershausen, Harry

Mexico

Milan

Piazzale Loreto

military vehicles, traffic jam of

Miller, Lee

later life

Milligan, Spike

later life

Minsk

Miramare

Misch, Rochus

Modena

Mohnke, Gen. Wilhelm

message to Dönitz

Molotov, Vyacheslav

Monfalcone

Montecatini

Montgomery, Field Marshal Bernard

Moosburg (POW camp)

Moosburg (town)

Moroccan troops

Moscow

May Day celebrations

Mosley, Leonard

Mosley, Sir Oswald

Mulsum

Munich

birthplace of Nazism

Hitler’s apartment in, at Prinzregentenplatz 16

Hofbräuhaus (beer hall)

Marienplatz

Nazi headquarters in

reporting from

resistance movements in

ruins of

taking of

Mürwik

Mussolini, Alessandra

Mussolini, Anna

Mussolini, Benito

arrest of

autographed photo of

autopsy of

body of, displayed

burial places of

execution of

flight of

letter to Rachele Mussolini

news of death of

Mussolini, Bruno

Mussolini, Rachele

arrested and imprisoned

later life

Mussolini, Romano

Mussolini, Mrs. Romano (Maria Villani)

Naples

Naumann, Werner

Nazi leaders

hanging of

hunt for

remains cremated and scattered

retreat to Berchtesgaden

summary execution of, demanded by Russians

trials of

Nazi Party, membership in, necessary for advancement

Nazism

birthplace in Munich

crimes of

disavowal of, post-liberation

fanatical

paraphernalia of (torture chambers, etc.)

Neilandis, Lt.

Neubrandenburg (POW camp), liberation of

Neubrandenburg (town)

looting and burning of

Neuhaus

Neurath, Konstantin von

Neuroofen

Neustadt

Neustadt-Glewe

neutral states.
See also
Ireland; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland

newspapers

news of Himmler offer in

news of Hitler’s death

New Zealand troops

Nicholas II, Tsar

Nicholson, Harold

Niederdorf

Niemöller, Martin

Nijmegen

Nikiforowa, Antonina

Nikulina, Major Anna

Ninety-sixth Bomb Group (American)

Ninth Army (German)

NKVD

Nordhausen

Normandy, fighting in

North Sea

Norway

German invasion and takeover of

Nuremberg

hanging of Nazis at

trials of Nazis at

Oak Leaves of the Knight’s Cross

oath to Hitler

Oberammergau, camp at

Oberjoch

Odessa

Office of Strategic Services (OSS)

Olav Tryggvason, medieval king of Norway

Oldenburg

Olds, officer

Olson, Sidney

Olympia
(film)

Olympic Games of 1936

102nd Guards Rifle Regiment

179th Regiment (American)

Operation Chowhound (food drops in Netherlands)

Operation Manna (food drops in Netherlands)

Operation Market Garden (at Arnhem)

Panter-Downes, Mollie

Panzerbär
(newspaper)

partisans.
See
Resistance;
particular countries

Patton, Gen. George

army of

Paulus, Gen. Friedrich von

peace negotiations, by Bunker survivors

Russian demand for surrender

safe conduct wished by Germans

peace negotiations, Himmler’s offer via Bernadotte

refused by Allies

released to the press

Pearl Harbor Day

Peck, John

Peenemünde

penal servitude (Soviet)

Petacci, Clara

buried next to Mussolini

execution of

public display of body of

Petacci, Marcello

Pétain, Marshal

Peters, Sgt. Arthur

Pistoia

Pius XII, Pope

Plön

poison, death by

Poland

freedom of

Nazi rule of

Polanski, Roman

later life

Polish girls, Nazi medical experiments on

Poltawska, Wanda

Portugal

Potsdam

Potthas, Liesel

Pound, Dorothy Shakspear

Pound, Ezra

indicted for treasonous broadcasts

later life

Po Valley

Pozzuoli

Pravda

prisoner of war camps

for Allied prisoners

conditions of, noted by Patton

prisoners, concentration camp

Dutch

Jewish

liberated

photographed in their huts

prostitution by

westward evacuation of, by Germans

prisoners of war

British, liberated by Russians

German, reaction to Hitler’s death

German, treatment of by Allies

Soviet, released to fight again

Probst, Margarete

Promeist, Margarete

Prominente
(important political prisoners of the Nazis)

rescue of

propaganda

Allied

black

Nazi

Propaganda Ministry (German)

prostitution

child

in concentration camps

forced

Pruitt, Albert

Prützmann, Hans

Quisling, Vidkun

executed

name, a byword for treason

would not run away from Norway

Raatgever, J. G.

“rabbit girls” (used in Nazi medical experiments)

radio, German

Radio Stockholm

RAF

strafing by

Rankine, Paul Scott

Rapallo

rapes, by Russians

rations

airdropped to Dutch civilians

military

Ratzinger, Josef (later Pope Benedict XVI)

anti-Nazi family of

training for the priesthood

Raubal, Geli

Ravensbrück

Red Banner of Victory

planted on Reichstag

reenactment of planting of, for photographers

Red Cross

British

Refior, Colonel

refugees, German

Reichstag (Berlin)

fight for

red flag over

Russian soldiers occupying

as target of Russian advance

Reims

Reitsch, Hanna

reporters

Republicans (Spanish)

Resistance

captured members of, imprisonment and execution of

in Germany

in Holland

in Norway

in Poland

Reuters news agency

Ribbentrop, Joachim von

despised by other Nazi leaders

hanged

post-War plans of

Riefenstahl, Leni

later life

Rimini

Robinow, Wolfgang

rocket science

scientists held by Germans as bargaining chips

Rokossovski, Gen. Konstantin

Romania

Rome

Roosevelt, Eleanor

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

death of

Roper, Jim

Royal Marines

royals, imprisoned by Nazis

Rudge, Olga

Ruhleben

rumors

Runcie, Lt. Robert

later Archbishop of Canterbury

Rundstedt, Field Marshal Gerd von

Russell, Pat

Russia.
See
Soviet Union

Russian army

closing in on Berlin

drunkenness and raping by

German flight from

German surrender to

liberation of POW camps

taking Berlin

westward advance of

women of, looking for loot

sailors, German

St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, Washington, D.C.

Salerno, landing at

Salzburg

Sampson, Father Francis

Sandbostel

San Francisco conference of United Nations

Sansom, Odette (“Frau Churchill”)

later life

Sant’Ambrogio

Sapieha, Archbishop

Scandinavia

Schacht, Hjalmar

Schellenberg, Walter

Schenck, Ernst-Günther

Scherman, Dave

Schindler, Oskar

later life

Schindler’s List

Schliersee

Schmargendorf

Schneeberger, Gisela

Schneeberger, Hans

Scholl, Sophie and Hans

Schörner, Field Marshal Ferdinand

Schuschnigg, Kurt von

Schwägermann, Captain

Schweinitz, Viktor von

Schwerin von Krosigk, Lutz Graf

Schwiedel, Corporal

Scots Guards

Scots soldiers

Security Council of the United Nations

“Seeing Is Believing” exhibition of concentration camp horrors

separate peace with West

Himmler’s secret proposal

hoped for by Germany

refused by West

756th Regiment (Soviet)

sex, group

Seyss-Inquart, Arthur

hanged

shelters for civilians

Slaughterhouse Five

slave labor

slave labor camps

SMERSH

Smith, Walter Bedell

smoking, forbidden in Hitler’s presence

Smuts, Jan

Smuts, J. C. (son of Jan Smuts)

Snetterton Heath

snipers

Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr

later life

Soviet High Command

Soviet Union

criminal code, penalties of

danger from, not apprehended by some Western statesmen

intentions for Europe

at United Nations conference

See also
Russian army

Spain

isolation and pariah status of, after World War II

neutrality in World War II

Spandau

Spanish Civil War

Sparks, Felix

Speer, Albert

escape to Greenland offered

mourns the death of Hitler

secret radio recording of address urging German people to ignore Hitler’s scorched-earth decrees

sentenced to twenty years

Spree river

SS

atrocities of

Bolzano headquarters

character of individuals of

concentration camp guards

concentration camps run by

fanatical defense of Berlin

fleeing from camps

foreigners joining

Göring arrested and held by