How the French Invented Love (47 page)

Beaumarchais, Pierre, 170, 364

Beauvoir, Hélène de, 325

Beauvoir, Simone de, 41, 308–9, 311–27, 362

Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter
, 313, 324

The Prime of Life
, 315

The Second Sex
, 312, 324, 325

Beckett, Samuel, 313

Béjart, Armande, 82

Belboeuf, “Missy,” Marquise de, 297–301

Bentley, Toni, 350

Bergerac, Cyrano de, 241, 252–53, 363

Bernart de Ventadorn, 11, 18

Bernhardt, Sarah, 240

Bible, 14, 296

bisexuality, 250, 256, 278, 285, 323

Bizet, Georges, 195

Borde, Constance, 325

Bost, Jacques-Laurent, 319–20

Boucher, François, 104

Boufflers, Chevalier de, 362

Bradstreet, Anne, 70–71

breast-feeding, 171

Brizendine, Louann, 6

Brontë, Charlotte, 215

Brooks, Romaine, 286, 287

Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 215

Bruni, Carla, 43–44

Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, Count of, 133

Buzot, François, 168–69

Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 201–2, 204

Camus, Albert, 316

Candide
(Voltaire), 170

Capellanus, Andreas, 15–16, 30–32, 33, 271

Carmen
(Mérimée), 195

Catherine the Great, 142

Center for Research on Women, 70, 325

Cervantes, Miguel de, 347

Ces amours-là
, 355, 356–57

Chamfort, Nicolas, 126

Champmeslé, Marie, 95

Chansons de Bilitis
(Louÿs), 287

Charcot, Jean-Martin, 272

Charles, Julie, 193

Charles X, King, 195

Charterhouse of Parma, The
(Stendhal), 178, 179, 347

Chateaubriand, René de, 204

Châtellerault, Vicomtesse de, 17

Chatiron, Hippolyte, 198

chess, 22

children, 47, 345

Chirac, Bernadette, 43

Chirac, Jacques, 43

Chopin, Frédéric, 199, 215, 363

Chrétien de Troyes, 15, 23–30, 32, 33, 38

Christianity, 4–5, 15, 32, 35, 97

Christine de Pizan, 41

civil unions, 344

Cixous, Hélène, 41

Clarissa Harlowe
(Richardson), 115

Claudel, Paul, 262–63, 344

Claudine at School
(Colette), 288, 290–93, 197

Claudine in Love
(Colette), 297

Claudine in Paris
(Colette), 289, 293–96, 299

Claudine Married
(Colette), 285, 293–94, 297

Clef d’amors, La
, 361

Clélie, histoire romaine
(Scudéry), 61

Clinton, Bill, 42

Cocteau, Jean, 263

Colet, Louise, 219–20, 230–31

Colette, 41, 255, 256, 282, 286–302, 306, 362

Claudine at School
, 288, 290–93, 297

Claudine in Love
, 297

Claudine in Paris
, 289, 293–96, 299

Claudine Married
, 285, 293–94, 297

The Vagabond
, 300–301

Colette, Adèle Eugénie Sidonie “Sido,” 288, 289, 290, 295, 298

Condé, Prince de, 54

Condorcet, Antoine Nicolas de, 132, 153, 154, 171

Condorcet, Sophie de, 170–71

Confession d’un enfant du siècle, La
(Musset), 211–14

Confessions
(Rousseau), 116, 173–74, 253

Conflit: La femme et la mère, Le
(Badinter), 44

Conon de Béthune, 16, 33–35, 251

Constant, Benjamin, 174–76, 182

Adolphe
, 175, 176–78, 186

Contes d’Espagne et d’Italie
(Musset), 195

Corneille, Pierre, 76, 149

Corydon
(Gide), 262

Courbet, Gustave, 224

courtly love, 11–48, 52, 68, 173

courts, 22, 49

Cousin, Victor, 230

Crébillon fils, 107, 127, 129

The Wayward Head and Heart
, 112–15, 139, 163, 173, 212

crystallization, 348

Cyrano de Bergerac
(Rostand), 98, 235, 239–47, 343

d’Albon, Claude, 137

d’Albon, Hilaire, 137, 138

d’Albon, Julie-Claude, 136–37, 138

d’Alembert, Jean le Rond, 132–36, 140–46, 148, 151, 153–55, 157

Dangerous Liaisons
(Laclos), 103, 116, 123–27, 129, 163, 212, 361

Dante Alighieri, 126, 347, 362

Danton, Georges, 162–63

Darblay, Pierre, 72, 237

Daudet, Léon, 282

de Botton, Alain, 69

de Bourges, Michel, 199, 214–15

Debussy, Claude, 289

de Charrière, Isabelle, 174

de Gouges, Olympe, 170

de Grandsagne, Stéphane Ajasson, 200

Delaborde, Sophie-Victoire, 196, 197–98

Delacroix, Eugène, 194–95, 211, 215

Delafosse, Léon, 282

Delamare, Delphine, 230–31

De l’amour
(Stendhal), 220

Delanoë, Bertrand, 344

Delarue-Mardrus, Lucie, 287

de Pougy, Liane, 255, 286

de Rougemont, Denis, 42

Desbordes-Valmore, Marceline, 41

Descartes, René, 68

de Sèze, Aurélien, 200

Despentes, Virginie, 350–51

de Staël, Germaine, 41, 174–78, 362

de Staël-Holstein, Baron, 175

d’Estaing, Giscard, 43

Destouches, Louis-Camus, 141

de Warens, Louise, 174, 178

d’Holbach, Baron, 144

Diane de Poitiers, 56, 173, 362

Dickens, Charles, 183

Diderot, Denis, 132, 133, 253

Die, Comtesse de, 18–19

d’Indy, Vincent, 289

Divine Comedy
(Dante), 126

Don Juan
(Molière), 101, 364

Dorval, Marie, 256

Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 215

Douglas, Alfred, Lord, 249–50, 257

du Barry, Madame, 104, 106, 170

du Châtelet, Madame, 362

du Deffand, Madame, 139–42, 143, 145, 170, 189

Dudevant, Casimir, 198, 199–200, 206, 208, 214–15

Dudevant, Maurice, 200, 206, 208, 214

Dudevant, Solange, 200, 206, 208, 214

Dumas, Alexandre, 194

du Parc, Thérèse, 95

Dupin, Maurice, 196, 198

Dupin de Francueil, Madame, 196, 198

Duras, Marguerite, 41, 329–39, 362

Eclogues
(Virgil), 262

Égarements du coeur et de l’esprit, Les
(
The Wayward Head and Heart
) (Crébillon fils), 112–15, 139, 163, 173, 212

Eleanor of Aquitaine, 18, 21, 22, 33

Elementary Particles, The
(Houellebecq), 349

Eliot, George, 215

Elkaïm, Arlette, 322

Émile
(Rousseau), 116

Encyclopédie
, 133, 253

Encyclopédistes
, 132, 149

Enlightenment, 133, 145, 153, 194

Enthoven, Raphaël, 43–44

“Equitan” (Marie de France), 36–37

Ermengarde, Vicomtesse of Narbonne, 23

Ernaux, Annie, 41

Esther
(Racine), 95

Euripides, 90–91, 95–96

Fabius, Laurent, 43

family, 47

fathers, 99

Fauré, Gabriel, 289

Faÿ, Bernard, 306

Female Brain, The
(Brizendine), 6

Feydeau, Georges, 238–39

film, 351–57, 364–65

Flaubert, Gustave, 190, 215, 235, 236, 347

Madame Bovary
, 12, 219–32, 362

Fontainebleau, 237

Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier de, 133

Fragonard, Jean-Honoré, 104

France, Anatole, 289

François I, King, 52–53, 362

Franklin, Benjamin, 156

Frederick II, King, 133, 142

French Revolution, 99, 127, 159–71, 175

Freud, Sigmund, 178, 179, 180, 188, 272, 307

Fruits of the Earth
(Gide), 257–58

Fuller, Margaret, 216

Gabrielle d’Estrées, 53

Gace Brulé, 20, 36

gallantry, 49–74, 75, 98, 101, 104–8, 128, 171

change in meaning of word, 105

Molière and, 78, 79, 81, 83, 84–85, 88–89, 98

Gauthiers-Villars, Willy, 289–90, 294, 297, 298

Gautier, Théophile, 194

Gauvain, Sir, 26

gay nineties, 235–38

General Essay on Tactics, A
(Guibert), 148

Genet, Jean, 263

Geoffrin, Madame, 145, 170, 189

Gide, André, 255, 256–63, 264, 268, 278, 282, 287, 363

Gide, Catherine, 263

Girard, Abbé, 104

Girard, René, 222, 347

Godard, Jean-Luc, 351

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 362

Goncourt, Edmond and Jules de, 108, 220

Goudeket, Maurice, 301

Grand Hôtel, Cabourg, 237

Gray, Francine du Plessix, 325

Gréco, Juliette, 313

Greece, ancient, 14, 90, 96, 144, 287

Greuze, Jean-Baptiste, 164

Grimm, Friedrich Melchior, Baron von, 146, 153

Guibert, Jacques Antoine Hippolyte de, 132–34, 137, 148–57

“Guigemar” (Marie de France), 37–38

Guilhem de Poitiers, 19

Guinevere, 12, 15, 24–30, 33, 68, 155, 362

Hahn, Reynaldo, 272, 282

Hall, Radclyffe, 293

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 42

Heine, Heinrich, 194

Héloïse d’Argenteuil, 1–9, 13, 15, 118, 206, 208, 311, 325, 362

Helvétius, Claude, 144, 156

Helvétius, Madame, 156

Hemingway, Ernest, 302, 303

Henri I, Count of Champagne, 22, 33

Henri II, King, 53, 56, 173, 362

Henri III, King, 251

Henri IV, King, 53–54, 361, 362

Henric, Jacques, 350

Henriette d’Entragues, 53

Henry II, King, 18, 21

Hériot, Auguste, 301

Hernani
(Hugo), 195

Herzen, Alexander, 215–16

Hippolytus
(Euripides), 90–91, 95–96

Histoire de ma vie
(Sand), 197

Historia calamitatum
(Abélard), 1, 5

Hollande, François, 44

Homme et une femme, Un
, 355, 365

homosexuality, 278, 281–82, 305–6, 344

female, 255–56, 279–80, 285–309

male, 249–64

Houellebecq, Michel, 349, 350

How Proust Can Change Your Life
(de Botton), 69

Hugo, Victor, 194, 195, 199, 200, 211, 215, 255

Hume, David, 143, 144

Ibsen, Henrik, 239

Idylle Saphique
(de Pougy), 286

Illusion conjugale, L’
(Assous), 343–44

Immoralist, The
(Gide), 257–60, 261

Indiana
(Sand), 199, 201–5

Intimate Journal
(Sand), 191, 209

Isabelle de Hainaut, 33

Iseult, 12, 33, 68, 155, 343, 362

“It Was Just One of Those Things” (Porter), 3–4

Jagger, Mick, 43

Jasinski, René, 221

Jeanson, Francis, 316

Jefferson, Thomas, 156

Jeu de l’amour et du hasard, Le
(Marivaux), 71

Jour de souffrance
(Millet), 350

Jouvenel, Bertrand de, 301

Jouvenel, Colette de, 301

Jouvenel, Henri de, 301

Joyce, James, 304

Julie, or The New Eloise
(Rousseau), 103, 112, 115–23, 124, 125, 126, 134, 146–47, 167, 168, 169, 180, 347, 362

Justine
(de Sade), 127

King Kong théorie
(Despentes), 350–51

Königsmark, Aurore de, 198

Kosakiewicz, Olga, 317–18, 319–20

Kristeva, Julia, 349

Labé, Louise, 41

La Boétie, Étienne de, 251–52

“Lac, Le” (Lamartine), 193–94

Lacan, Jacques, 98

Laclos, Choderlos de, 107, 129

Dangerous Liaisons
, 103, 116, 123–27, 129, 163, 212, 361

La Fayette, Comte de, 58

La Fayette, Madame de, 41, 101

La Princesse de Clèves
, 49, 55–72, 76, 90, 95, 100, 107, 168, 232, 353–54, 363

La Fontaine, Jean de, 104, 139, 153

Lamartine, Alphonse de, 193–94, 362

Lamblin, Bernard, 321

Lamblin, Bianca Bienenfeld, 320, 321–22

Lancelot, 12, 15, 24–30, 33, 68, 155, 362

Lancelot: The Knight of the Cart
(Chrétien de Troyes), 25–30, 32, 38

language, 98, 363–64

La Rochefoucauld, François de, 55, 68

Laumond, Jean-Claude, 43

La Vallière, Louise de, 57, 82

Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent, 171

Lavoisier, Marie-Anne, 171

Le Bas, Elisabeth, 159, 160–67, 169, 171

Le Bas, Philippe, 160–67, 171

Le Bon, Sylvie, 323

Leduc, Violette, 41, 306–9, 360

Leibniz, Gottfried, 170

Lélia
(Sand), 204–6

Lelouch, Claude, 351, 355–57, 365

Lemaire, Ria, 40

lesbian love, 255–56, 279–80, 285–309

Lesnes, Elisabeth, 19

Lespinasse, Julie de, 108, 129, 131–57, 168, 170, 189, 209, 229–30, 362

Leszczynska, Marie, 106

letters, 131–32, 155–57

Letters from a Voyager
(Sand), 207–8

Lettres galantes et philosophiques
(Saint-Mard), 106

Levy, Harriet, 303

Lévy, Justine, 44

Lewinsky, Monica, 42

Liaisons dangereuses, Les
(Laclos), 103, 116, 123–27, 129, 163, 212, 361

libertinage, 107–8, 113–14, 115, 127, 128–29, 347

Liberty Leading the People
(Delacroix), 194–95

Life of Henry Brulard, The
(Stendhal), 178–79

Lily of the Valley, The
(Balzac), 173, 183–86, 363

Liszt, Franz, 211, 215

Lorrain, Jean, 255

Louis VII, King, 18, 22, 23, 33

Louis XIII, King, 252

Louis XIV, King, 53, 57, 58, 71, 79, 81, 82, 85, 89, 90, 100, 105, 106, 128, 194, 251, 362