Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature-Deficit Disorder (47 page)

Becker, Bonnie,
142
–143

Benoit, Marilyn,
137

benzodiazepines,
50

Berenson, Bernard,
86
,
96

Bergen, Roger,
60

Berger, John,
296
–297

Berman, Dene S.,
229
–230

Berman, Tonia,
121

Berry, Wendell,
113
,
203
,
224
,
271

Best, Joel,
126
–127

Beyond Ecophobia
(Sobel),
134

Bierlink, Henry,
300

biological absolutes, end of,
19
,
21
–22

biophilia,
43
,
44
,
218
,
246

birding,
174
,
197
–198

Birding
,
197

bison,
281

Blair Witch Project, The
,
130
,
131

Blake, William,
292

boredom,
11
–12,
167
–170

Boredom: The Literary History of a State of Mind
(Spacks),
168

Botkin, Daniel,
246

Boy Scouts of America,
15
,
155
–156,
193
–194

Bradley, Bill,
241

Brainerd, Debbie and Paul,
231
–232

Brands, H. W.,
71
,
84
–85

Breedlove, Ben,
249
,
261
,
266

Britain research on natural play in,
33
,
34
–35,
49
,
124

tort reform in,
242
–43

British Medical Journal
,
132

Brooklyn Botanical Garden,
219

Brooks, Elaine,
39
–43,
54
,
63
,
141
,
269
,
273
,
274

Broward County, Florida,
241

Buffalo Commons,
275

Burroughs, John,
55

Caimi, Fra Bernardino,
62

California Department of Education,
208

Calumet Open Space Reserve,
259

Campbell, Billy,
171

camps,
2
,
170
,
227
–234

Canada,
219
–220

cardiovascular disease,
47

Carnegie Mellon Institute,
66

Carr, Dawn,
195

Carson, Rachel,
37
,
72
,
136
,
163
,
166

Catskill Watershed Corporation,
214

cell phone, parent-child contact by,
178
,
184
–185,
186

Center for Place-based Education,
133

Centers for Disease Control (CDC),
47
,
48
,
132
,
265

National Center for Environmental Health,
48

Central Park, New York City,
109
,
247
,
270

Charlotte, North Carolina,
30

Chavez, Cesar,
92
–93

Chawla, Louise,
32
,
36
,
44
,
94
–95,
96
,
98
,
151
,
166

Cheever, John,
64

Chesapeake Bay watershed,
30

Cheshire City Council,
242
–43

Chicago, Illinois,
258
–260,
284

Childhood’s Future
(Louv),
10
,
117
–118

Children’s Defense Fund,
127

Children’s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle,
102

Chorice, Linda,
198

Churchman, Deborah,
172
,
173
,
174

Cicalo, Lora,
204

CIVITAS,
285

Clark, Jane,
35

Clarke, Arthur C.,
89
–90

Clearinghouse for Rural Education and Small Schools,
229

Clemens, Samuel Langhorne,
90

Clements, Rhonda L.,
34

Cleveland Botanical Garden,
219

“Closing the Achievement Gap,”
206

Coalition to End Racial Targeting of American Indian Nations,
24

Cobb, Edith,
93
–94

Coles, Robert,
293
,
294

Collapse of the Common Good, The
(Howard),
241

college admissions pressures,
120

College Board,
137
–138

colleges and universities ecological literacy,
223
–224

natural history, study of,
3
,
41
,
135
,
139
–144,
224
–226

Committee for Green Foothills,
243

commodification of nature,
61
–62

Common Good,
241
,
242

Community Associations Institute,
28

computers,
13

city-to-small-town movement and,
276

early education and,
137
,
138
,
205

Internet,
see
Internet omnipresence of,
60

time spent using,
32
,
47
,
57

wireless services,
282

Concerned Christian Citizens,
300

Condomitti, Jim,
243
–244

conservationism,
41
,
140
,
141
,
296

conservation psychology,
133

“containerized kids,”
35

Corbett, Judy,
261

Corbett, Michael,
254
,
255
,
256
,
261
,
285

Cornell University,
22
,
50
–51,
150

creativity, fostering of,
7
,
55
,
86
–98,
122
,
161
,
169

Crestridge Ecological Reserve,
232
–233,
240
,
308

criminalization of unstructured natural play,
237

critical thinking,
124

curiosity,
13

Dahl, Ronald,
169

Daily Monitor
(Addis Ababa),
35

Daley, Richard, Jr.,
258
,
260

Damn Lies and Statistics
(Best),
126
–127

Dankert, Bonnie,
210
–211

Darwin, Charles,
72
,
141

Davids-Berman, Jennifer,
229
–230

Davis, California,
254
–256,
285

Davis, Jay,
281

Davis, Mike,
25

Dayton, Paul,
141
–145,
224
–226

Death of Common Sense, The
(Howard),
241

deer populations,
24

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA),
23

Delate, Tom,
49

Delft, Netherlands,
253

Denmark,
88
,
89
,
120

depression,
49
–50,
51
,
66
,
108

therapeutic value of nature,
35
,
49

Derr, Victoria,
230

Descartes, René,
65

Dess, Nancy,
66
–67

developing countries, nature deficit and,
35

development of farmland and forested areas,
30
,
41
,
272

Dewey, John,
65
–66,
203

Dexedrine,
101

Dillard, Annie,
39

disabled, camping and the,
230
–231

Doyle, Dennis,
212
–214

Duke University Child and Well-Being Index,
127
,
128

Durak, Ruth,
250

Earthworks and Beyond: Contemporary Art in the Landscape
(Beardsley),
61

Ecology of Fear: Los Angeles and the Imagination of Disaster
(Davis),
25

Ecology of Imagination in Children, The
(Cobb),
93
–94

ecophobia,
134
–135

ecopsychology,
43
–44,
65
,
133

ecoschools,
218
–222

Edison, Thomas,
90
–91,
95

Edison: Inventing the Century
(Baldwin),
90
–91

education experiential,
138
,
139
–145,
203
–234,
311

higher,
see
colleges and universities

public schools,
see
public schools

Edward, Chip,
216

Ehrlich, Gretel,
291

Einstein, Albert,
110

Eleanor and Franklin
(Lash),
91

electronic games and videos,
148

Eliot, T. S.,
90

Emerson, Ralph Waldo,
294

emotional health,
see
mental health

endangered and threatened species,
29
–30,
45
,
248
,
268

End of Nature, The
(McKibben),
301

England,
see
Britain, research on natural play in

English Gardener
,
45

enthusiasm of parent,
163
–166

environmentalism,
41
,
276

attachment to nature and,
156
–158

faith-based,
299
–304

knowledge of children about,
1
,
134
–135

restrictions on natural outdoor play and,
29
–31,
146
–147,
239
–240

environmental organizations,
116
,
218
,
240
,
311

future environmentalists and,
147
,
150
–156,
159

spiritual aspect of nature and,
301
–302,
304
–305

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
131

Environment and Behavior
,
106
,
179

environment-based education,
138
,
139
–145,
203
–234,
311

Erickson, Martha Farrell,
157
–158

Erickson, Rosemary,
283

Erikson, Erik,
86
,
124

Estrada, Steve,
268

ethics and morality, nature as teacher of,
189
–200,
295
–296

Ethiopia,
35

European cities, green design in,
25
–26,
251
–254,
263

see also
Western Europe;
individual countries

Evans, Gary,
51

exercise,
47
–49

organized sports,
31
,
48
,
116
,
117
,
182
,
183
,
247

see also
outdoor play

experiential, environment-based education,
138
,
139
–145,
203
–234,
311

faith-based environmentalism,
299
–304

family life, overly structured,
117
,
121
–122,
175
–176

Farm as a Pedagogical Resource,
221

farms,
311

back-to-the-land movement and,
274
–287,
313

family,
18
–19,
57
,
58
,
102
,
280
,
281

mega-farms,
275

“schools,”
221
,
262

urban,
253

fast-food restaurants, “ball pits” at,
132

fear

brain structure and,
129

dealing with,
178
–188

ecophobia,
134
–135

of nature,
2
,
7
,
123
,
130
–132,
133
–135,
145

of strangers,
123
,
124
–129,
171
,
183
–186

Feinstein, Arthur,
262

Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, A
(Stebbins),
139

Finch, Robert,
158
–159

“Finding the Place: A Migrant Childhood,”
152

Finklehor, David,
127
–128,
185

Finland,
51
,
204
–205

fishing,
20
,
24
,
191
–195,
198
,
315
–316

Fitzsimmons, Beth,
125

Flanagan, Pat,
267

Fletcher, Julia,
76
–77,
180
–181,
245
–246

Flight Maps
(Price),
248

fly-fishing,
191
,
214

Food and Drug Administration,
50

foods, knowledge of origins of,
19
,
20
–21,
24
,
133
,
217

“Fool’s Gold: A Critical Look at Computers in Childhood,”
137

forests

deforestation,
30

urban,
249
,
269

walking in the woods,
170
–175,
176

forts,
see
tree houses and forts Fout, Janet,
74
–77,
180
,
245
–246,
294
–295,
312
–313

Foxfire,
209