Neanderthal Man (47 page)

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Authors: Svante Pbo

Tags: #In Search of Lost Genomes

BOOK: Neanderthal Man
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Zoology,
49

50

 

 

 

{1}
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{2}
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{3}
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{4}
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{5}
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{6}
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{7}
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Nature
325, 31–36 (1987).

{8}
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{9}
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{10}
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{11}
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{12}
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{16}
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{18}
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{19}
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DNA from an extinct plant,

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{32}
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{33}
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{34}
In fact, even at this writing, several groups are using the PCR to study mtDNA from human archaeological remains without describing clearly how they distinguish contaminating DNA sequences from endogenous ones. Some of the sequences they determine are almost certainly correct, but others are almost equally certainly incorrect.

{35}
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{36}
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{37}
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{38}
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{39}
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{40}
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{41}
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{4
2}
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{43}
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{44}
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{45}
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{46}
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{47}
See note 5 above.

{48}
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Science
314, 1113–1118 (2006); R. E. Green et al., “Analysis of one million base pairs of Neanderthal DNA,”
Nature
444, 330–336 (2006).

{49}
After our
Nature
publication, we learned that it should more appropriately be called Vi-33.16, according to a more recent numbering system.

{50}
R. W. Schmitz et al., “The Neandertal type site revisited: Interdisciplinary investigations of skeletal remains from the Neander Valley, Germany,”
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{51}
A. W. Briggs et al., “Patterns of damage in genomic DNA sequences from a Neandertal,”
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104, 14616–14621 (2007).

{52}
T. Maricic and Svante Pääbo, “Optimization of 454 sequencing library preparation from small amounts of DNA permits sequence determination of both DNA strands,”
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{53}
J. D. Wall and Sung K. Kim, “Inconsistencies in Neandertal genomic DNA sequences,”
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10:175 (2007).

{54}
A. W. Briggs et al., “Patterns of damage in genomic DNA sequences from a Neandertal,”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
104, 14616–14621 (2007).

{55}
R. E. Green et al., “The Neandertal genome and ancient DNA authenticity,”
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28, 2494–2503 (2009).

{56}
R. E. Green et al., “A complete Neandertal mitochondrial genome sequence determined by high-throughput sequencing,”
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{57}
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{58}
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{59}
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{60}
My translation.

{61}
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334, 89–94 (2011).

{62}
J. Krause et al., “Neanderthals in central Asia and Siberia,”
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449, 902–904 (2007).

{63}
J. Krause et al., “The complete mtDNA of an unknown hominin from Southern Siberia,”
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464, 894–897 (2010).

{64}
D. Reich et al., “Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia,”
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468, 1053–1060 (2010).

{65}
S. Sankararaman et al., “The date of interbreeding between Neandertals and modern humans,”
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{66}
M. Meyer, “A high coverage genome sequence from an archaic Denisovan individual,”
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338, 222–226 (2012).

{67}
W. Enard, et al., “Molecular evolution of
FOXP2,
a gene involved in speech and language,”
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{68}
W. Enard et al. “A humanized version of
Foxp2
affects cortico-basal ganglia circuits in mice,”
Cell
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