Our Bodies, Ourselves (192 page)

Contributors to earlier editions: Joan Ditzion, Diana Siegal, Leilani Doty, Jacqueline Lapidus; see also list of contributors to earlier editions under
Chapter 20
, “Perimenopause and Menopause.”

22. Selected Medical Problems

Revised by Marcie Richardson. Additional contributors: Paula Amato (PCOS), Mary Lou Ballweg (endometriosis), Kari Christianson (DES), Pat Cody (DES), Mary Costanza (breast cancer), Carol Drury (endometriosis), Judi Hirschfield-Bartek (breast cancer), Fran Howell (DES), Mitch Levine, William Parker, Elizabeth Steiner (breast cancer), Elizabeth Stewart (vulva), Kay Zakariasen (PBS/IC).

Special thanks to: Michelle Berlin, Mary Fillmore, Louise Gessel, Bonnie Hill, Elizabeth Kavaler, Kath Mazella, Diana Petitti, Gary Richwald, Gordon Schiff.

Contributors to earlier editions: Julia Brody, Barbara Brenner, Susan Troyan, Mary Lou Ballweg, Monica Casper, Adele E. Clarke, Martha Ellen Katz, Mitch Levine, Marcie Richardson, Kristina Graff, RAINBO, Marianne McPherson, Jaqueline Lapidus, Judy Norsigian, Susan Troyan, Cathie Ragovin, Judi Hirshfield-Bartek, Carmen Tamayo, Anne Kahn, Mimi Secor, Selma Mirsky, Lisa Whiteside, Kath Doyle, Nahid Toubia, Carol Englender, Endometriosis Association, Mary Crowe, Margaret Lee Braun, Pat Cody (DES Action), Dorothy Reider, Esther Rome, Debi Milligan, Women's Dignity Project.

23. Navigating the Health Care System

Contributors: John Abramson, Lisa Codispoti, Dave deBronkart, Barbara Fildes, Catherine Finn, Susan Sered, Gordon Schiff, Trisha Torrey, Rachel Walden, Karen Anne Wolf.

Special thanks to: Lois Aherns, Shannon Berning, Bridgette Courtot, Danielle Garret, Ellen Miller-Mack, Suede.

Contributors to earlier editions: Judy Ann Bigby, Susan Sered, George Annas, Shannon Berning, Laurie Rosenblum, Kiki Zeldes, Norma Meras Swenson, Wendy Sanford, Judy Norsigian.

24. Violence Against Women

Contributors: Heather Corinna, Cara Kulwicki, Margaret Lazarus, Judith Lennett, Craig Norberg-Bohm (side-bar
on White Ribbon movement), Leslye Orloff, Miriam Zoila Pérez, Holly Ramsey-Klawsnik.

Special thanks to: Rev. Irene Monroe and OBOS partner Women's Health Promotion Center, Serbia.

Contributors to earlier editions: Margaret Lazarus, Laurie Rosenblum, Renner Wunderlich, Diane Rosenfield, Stacey Kabat, Marianne Winters, Dina Carbonell, Lois Glass, Suzanne Gosselin, Carol Mamber, Jill Stanzler, Alice Friedman, Lynn Rubinett, Lena Sorensen, Denise Wells, Nancy Wilbur, Terrie Antico, Wendy Sanford, Jackie Herskovitz, Judith Lennett, Laura Tandara, Gene Bishop, Andrea Fischgrund, Roxanne Hynek, Janet Jones, Freada Klein, Rachel Lanzerotti, Carol McEldowney, Judy Norsigian.

25. Environmental and Occupational Health

Revised by Mara Kardas-Nelson and Lin Nelson. Additional contributors: Katsi Cook, Carol Dansereau, Elise Miller, Loretta Ross, Marc Weisskopf.

Special thanks to: Namasha Schelling and OBOS partner Tanzania Home Economics Association.

Contributors to earlier editions: Lin Nelson, Barbara Sattler, Jaqueline Lapidus, Patricia Logan, Regina H. Kenen, MassCOSH Women's Committee: Letitia Davis, Marian Marbury, Laura Punnett, Margaret Quinn, Cathy Schwartz, Susan Woskie, Carol Dansereau, Maureen Gorman, Norma Grier, Elizabeth Gullette, Pat Hynes, Kristin Lacijan of NCAMP, Cheri Lucas-Jennings, Karen McDonell, Manju Mehta, Vernice Miller, Cydney Pullman, Dorothy Wigmore, Susan O'Brien, Ngazi Oleru, Judy Norsigian, the Shalan Foundation, Joan Bertin, Katsi Cook, Maureen Paul.

26. The Politics of Women's Health

Revised by Ellen Shaffer, with Rebecca Firestone and Karin Ringheim (global). Additional contributors: Susan Ball, Zobeida Bonilla, Lisa Codispoti, Marcy Darnovsky, Kezia Ellison, Anna Forbes, Polly F. Harrison, Jodi L. Jacobson, Susan Roll, Susan Sered, Susan F. Wood, Susan Yanow, Diana Zuckerman.

Special thanks to: Melissa Gilliam, Arden Handler, Mary Ann Leeper; OBOS collaborators on
Nuestros Cuerpos, Nuestas Vidas
in North, Central, and South America; OBOS partners Sanlaap (India) and Manavi (USA); Women for Empowerment, Development, and Gender Reform (Nigeria); Network of East-West Women—Polska (Poland).

Contributors to earlier editions: Ellen Shaffer, Gail Price-Wise, Marcy Darnovsky, Elizabeth J. Rourke, Sondra Crosby, Michael Grodin, Sharon Batt, Cindy Young, Christine Cupaiuolo, Norma Meras Swenson, Wendy Sanford, Judy Norsigian, Carol Sakala, Nalini Visvanathan, Vilunya Diskin, Hilary Salk, Judith Dickson Luce, Nancy Krieger, Anne Kasper, Steffi Woolhandler, Karen Kahn, Jacqueline Lapidus, Arnold Relman, Philip R. Lee, Roz Feldberg, Julie Friesen, Anne-Emmanuelle Birn, Nancy Worcester, Mariamne Whatley, Gabriela Canepa, Marilen Danguilan, Betsy Hartmann, Jennifer Yanco, Anita Anand, Asoka Bandarage, Elizabeth Coit, Jane Cottingham, H. Patricia Hynes, Marilee Karl, Una MacLean, Annie Street, Amy Alpern, David Banta, Gene Bishop, Robin Blatt, Lucy Candib, David Clarke, Mary Fillmore, Mary Howell, Sherry Leibowitz, Barbara Perkins, Joan Rachlin, Sheryl Ruzek, Kathy Simmonds, Mary Stern, Nancy Todd, Karen Wolf.

27. Activism in the Twenty-first Century

Revised by Heidi Moore. Additional contributors: Steph Herold, Hope Lewis, Susan Roll, Loretta Ross, Rachel Walden, Jamia Wilson, Deanna Zandt.

Special thanks to: OBOS partner Women's Rehabilitation Center, Nepal.

Contributors to earlier editions: Susan Roll, Victoria Passarella, Ellen Miller-Mack, Laurie Rosenblum, Eugenia Acuna, Judy Norsigian, Jane Pincus, Caty Laignel, Meizhu Lui, Suzanne Nam, Norma Meras Swenson, Rachel Lanzerotti.

General Thanks

Regina A., Onyeka Anaedozie, Polly Attwood, Natasha Beck, Barbara A. Beltrand CPA, Kali Blaze, Lucia Brea, Erin Callahan, Megan Carlson, Jen and Lexi Chapin-Smith, Caitlin Childs, Anna Cook, Juanita Crider, Nina J. Davidson, Jessica Devancy, Katie Emmet, Jasmine Gale-reave, Susan Galereave, Molly M. Ginty, Beth Grampetro, Consuela Green, Bernie Heldkamp, Amanda Huminski, Sarah Jackson, Jennifer Getting Jameslyn, Rebecca Kling, Carolyn Lejuste, Mags M., Ulises Martinez and the crew at Filter (Chicago), Mary Maxfield, Charlotte Mayerson, Hunter McCorkel, Alicia Merchant, Efia Miles, Nancy Miller, Jennifer Moon, Laurel O'Gorman, Lola Pellegrino, Cathryn Platine, Barbara Ray, S. E. Smith, Tasha Spencer, Jaime Taylor, Cierra Townsend, San Maday Travis, Sadie-Ryanne Vashti, Tara Vega, Jesse Zeldes.

Special Thanks To

Our Bodies Ourselves staff:
Wendy Brovold, Anne Miller Sweeney, Sally Whelan, Nekose Wills.

OBOS interns and volunteers:
Meredith Burns, Sarah Burton, Natalie Chapman, Morgan Clark, Katherine
Clavelle, Julie Eisen, Reed Ellis, Beth Katz, Sari Krumholz, Shannon O'Malley, Raquel Rios.

Photo and production assistance:
Bernie Heidkamp.

Our Bodies, Ourselves
readers who submitted their photos for the cover, including:
Lindsey Renée Bever; Lisa L. Boone; Marlies Bosch; Hillary Boucher; Margaret Park Bridges; Linda Burns; Candace C. Cabbil; Kim Comatas; Ciara J. Cooksey; Sarah Diehl; Tracy G. Eleazer; A'Llyn Ettien; Johanna Rincon Fernandez; Vanessa Shanti Fernando; Ruth L. Fischbach; Frances Ann Flint; Nancy Goldstein; Muriel Green; Emily Frost-Leaird; Noa Gutterman; Sarah Dove Heider; Debby Herbenick; Sandy Iredale; Tania Israel; Susan Jaszemski; Gamze Karadaǧ; Traci Lawson; Jennie Lee; Yasmeen Long; Nichole Lovett; Julia M.; Yaisa Mann; Katherine Marcovich; Lauren Martin; Katie O'Keefe McGuire; Jessica Meza; Kaamila Mohamed; Mary Gelb Park; Lesley Rafes; Molly Remer; Christine Ross; Alice Rothchild; Sally Rynne; Melissa Scholten-Gutierrez; Abby L. Schwarz; Simone Snyder; Jessica Lee Stovall; Malgorzata Tarasiewicz; June Tsang; Celeste Wang; Nekose Wills; Susan F. Wood.

The production crew at Simon & Schuster:
Especially, Marcia Burch, Lisa Healy, Michelle Howry, Alex Preziosi.

Founders of the Boston Women's Health Book Collective:
Ruth Bell Alexander, Pamela Berger, Vilunya Diskin, Joan Ditzion, Paula Doress-Worters, Nancy Miram Hawley, Elizabeth MacMahon-Herrera, Pamela Morgan (1949– 2008), Judy Norsigian, Jane Pincus, Esther Rome (1945– 1995), Wendy Sanford, Norma Swenson, Sally Whelan.

Current and recent Our Bodies Ourselves board members:
Shahira Ahmed, MPH; Benjamin Albert, JD, MBA; Catherine Annas, JD; Barbara Anthony, MA, JD; Joanne Barker, MS; Bea Bezmalinovic, MBA, MPP; Anne Brewster, M.D.; Marcia Brown; Caroline Crosbie, MBA; Sally Deane, EdM, MPH; Nancy Forsyth; Kristin Guest, CMA, MBA; Jessica Halverson, MBA; Rachel Zack Ishikawa, MA, MPH; Myriam Hernandez Jennings, MA; Nancy Lyons, MPH; Julie Mottl-Santiago, CNM, MPH; Heather Nelson, PhD, MPH; Mary Poor, DVM, SM; Katie Reilly, RN, MPH; Penelope Riseborough; Patricia Roche, JD, MEd; Moises Russo, M.D., MBE; Bonnie Shepard, MPA, MEd; Amanda Buck Varella, JD; Rachel Wilson; Miriam Zoll.

Current and recent Our Bodies Ourselves advisory board members:
Marjorie Agosin, PhD; Hortensia Amaro, PhD; Byllye Avery; Judy Bradford, PhD; Gloria Feldt; Teresa Heinz; Cathy Inglese; Paula Johnson, M.D.; Timothy Johnson, M.D.; Wanda Jones, PhD; Florence Ladd, PhD; Susan M. Love, M.D.; Meizhu Lui; Sally H. Lunt, EdD, JD; Ngina Lythcott, PhD; Evelyn Murphy, PhD; Cynthia Pearson; Vivian Pinn, M.D.; Mary Poor, DVM, SM; Ellen Poss, M.D.; Joan Rachlin, JD; Deborah Raptopoulos, MEd, MSW; Gary A. Richwald, M.D., MPH; Moises Russo M.D., MBE; Isaac Schiff, M.D.; Gloria Steinem; Frederica Williams.

We thank the foundations that have supported OBOS in recent years, including
Appleton Foundation; Archibald Foundation; Boston University School of Public Health; Brush Foundation; Common Benefits Trust; Conservation, Food and Health Foundation; Norton Cruz Family Foundation Fund; Fledgling Fund; Ford Foundation; Ipas; Kwitman Family Foundation; MacArthur Foundation; New Hampshire Charitable Foundation (donor directed grant); Seymour and Sylvia Rothchild Foundation; Sally and Terry Rynne Foundation; Schocken Foundation; Threshold Foundation; Tides Foundation (donor directed grant); Frederick and Margaret L. Weyerhaeuser Family Foundation; Mary Wohlford Foundation; the World Bank.

We thank the hundreds of individuals and organizations for their financial contribution to OBOS, including
those who responded to our Word by Word campaign for this fortieth anniversary edition: Alison Amoroso; Sue Lindholm Barker; Diane Beeson; Barbara Berney; Gene Bishop; Connie Breece, CNM; Gillie Campbell; Vidal S. Clay; Carol Conway-Long; Barbara B. Crane; Elaine Dunbar; Mollie Glazer; Mary Godwyn; the Gordon Family; Helen Lingenfelter Gray; Kristin Guest; Nancy Holmstrom; Maya Honda; Lisa C. Ikemoto; Patricia J. Jenkyns, PT; Carole Joffe; Susan Jordan; Ziona K.; Ruth S. Kay; Miriam Atma Khalsa; Polly Russell Kornblith; Laura Lein; Elaine Lissner; Dr. Sally H. Lunt; Claudia Lux; Suzanne Marks; Erin Teare Martin; Karen J. Maschke; Jane Matthews; Joyce McFadden; Jenny Oberholtzer; Deborah Oyer; Joyce G. Perocchi; Susan Rose; Andee Rubin; Sally J. Rynne; Isaac Schiff, M.D., chief, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital; Jennifer P. Schneider; Sue Schwartz; Ellen R. Shaffer; Sara Shields, M.D.; Jan Stallmeyer; Lucy Stroock; Ruth Tuomala; Dr. Jan Werbinski; Hon. Ho-Tzu Chuang Yen; Sophia Yen, MD, MPH; Alliance for Humane Biotechnology; Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates; MIT Women's and Gender Studies Program; Ruth Kertzer Seidman and Aaron Seidman; Mark Munger and Katherine Bourne; Judy and Dave Archibald; Terri Rearick and Maria Rearick; Maria da Costa and Kai DaCosta; Hagop and Takouhy Mangerian and Armenhui Mangerian Jacobson; Craig and Anita McPherson; Amy Fine and Chester Hartman; Barbara Norton and Bradley Cruz; Kandace Olsen and Scott Peterson; Bill and Rachel Parker; Whitney Pinger, CNM, and WISDOM Midwifery; Mardge Cohen, M.D., and Gordon
Schiff, M.D.; Alice Rothchild and Dan Klein; Lee and Byron Stookey; UnCut/Voices Press, publishing against female genital mutilation, CEO Tobe Levin; WS103 students 1978–2009; Hannah J. Yanow and Lucy M. Yanow.

Donations in loving memory of:
Rita Arditti (1934– 2009), feminist activist for human rights and social and environmental justice—
abrazos
(Estelle Disch and everyone at OBOS); Elise Boulding (Gordon Fellman); Patricia Stocking Brown, a feminist scientist who worked to eliminate breast cancer (Bonnie Rose); Baby Chan Kenney (her parents); Dr. Charlotte Ellertson (Ibis Reproductive Health); Rachel Fruchter (Susan Reverby); Esther Gottesman, Ellen Ruth McAllister, Sheila Chatterjee, and Manasi Ray (Erik and Ayesha); Dr. Mary Raugust Howell (Yeou-Cheng Ma); Gracie James (Chris Bobel); Mary Martin Johnson (from her children Deborah, Cathy, Bruce, and Amy); Marjorie Carrère Lykes and Rita Arditti (Brinton Lykes); Roderick Mackenzie, 1934–2010 (Eila Kaarina Mackenzie); Esther R. Rome (Nathan Rome, Abby Schwarz); Esther Rome—passionate, joyful activist and OBOS founder—in apprecation of our “Menstruation Consciousness Raising” Workshops (Emily Culpepper); Amy Tavrow, beloved sister and daughter, who strongly supported women's health and rights (Paula Tavrow); Irving Kenneth Zola and Agnes Norsigian (Judy Norsigian).

Donations in honor of:
Susan E. Bell (Susan Reverby); Gene Bishop (Evelyn Bishop); Janet Cook (Anna Cook and Hanna Clutterbuck); Carol Penney Guyer (Alisa Kenny-Guyer); Alexandra Esperanza Heidkamp-Pimentel and Oliva Violet Johnson Cupaiuolo (Christine Cupaiuolo); my daughter Alyson Isaac (Linda Oliver-Smith); Joan Israel (Nancy Reame); my daughter Kyra and colleague Norma Swenson (Judy Norsigian); our daughter Milla and other young women seeking peace and justice (Susan Bell and Philip Hart); Mom (Rachel Walden); the Musserians and Mangerians; the five founders and nearly 150 members of the National Women's Health Network's board of directors since 1975 (Cynthia Pearson, NWHN executive director); Judy Norsigian (Roz and Ross Feldberg, Yeou-Cheng Ma, Deborah and Vassilios Raptopoulos, Joan Rachlin and Seymour Small); the wonderful writers, editors, and researchers of Our Bodies Ourselves (Dr. Belisa); the board, staff, and founders at OBOS (Wendy Sanford and the board and staff of Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research—PRIM&R); my daughter Quinn and son Liam (Anne Miller Sweeney); Joan Rachlin (the Tiven-Gottesman family); Amy Romano (Fran Flanagan); Anne Shratter (Rosemarie Shratter); my mentors Marsha Saxton and the late Irving K. Zola (Janna Zwerner); Barbara Seaman (Alice Wolfson); Diana Laskin Siegal, for her contributions to many editions of
Our Bodies, Ourselves
(Paula Doress-Worters); daughters Naomi Siegal and Diane Benjamin, and granddaughter Anna Benjamin (Diana Laskin Siegal); Mrs. Norma Whelan, Dr. Raya Atlas Kane, Anya Whelan-Smith, and Jeff Smith (Sally Whelan); Dorothy Weber Sved, M.D. (Margery Sved); Takeia and Toya (Nekose Wills); Mrs. Norma Whelan and Leslie Whitaker (Virginia Raymond); the beautifully strong women in my family (June Tsang); forty more years! (our Armenian Feminist Gathering); Choices Women's Medical Center, founded by Merle Hoffman, also celebrating its fortieth anniversary.