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Authors: Dante

BOOK: Paradiso
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‘Two other points regarding which you asked—   

               
not for your enlightenment, but for him to tell

60
           
how much this virtue means to you—

               
‘I leave to him. For they will not be difficult,

               
nor offer grounds for boasting of himself.

63
           
Now let him answer, and may God’s grace be his aid!’

               
Like the student answering his teacher,

               
ready and eager in the subject he prepared,

66
           
intending to display his worth,

               
‘Hope,’ I said, ‘is the certain expectation   

               
of future glory, springing

69
           
from heavenly grace and merit we have won.

               
‘This light comes down to me from many stars,   

               
but he who first instilled it in my heart

72
           
was that exalted singer of our exalted Lord.

               
‘ “Let them have hope in you,” he declares   

   

               
in his god-song, “those who know your name.”

75
           
Among those who share my faith, who does not know it?

               
‘After he had imbued me with his song,

               
you poured your epistle down on me so that I,

78
           
overflowing, now rain your rain on others.’

               
While I spoke, within the living core   

               
of fire appeared a flare, quivering

81
           
like lightning in sudden and repeated flashes.

               
Then it breathed forth: ‘The love with which I burn,   

               
for the Virtue that was my companion,

84
           
even to the palm and my departing from the field,

               
‘bids me breathe words again to you who take delight

               
in Hope. And I would like to hear you say

87
           
what promise Hope holds out to you.’

               
And I: ‘The new and the ancient Scriptures

               
set forth the goal for souls that God has made his friends   

   

90
           
and this directs me to that promise.

               
‘Isaiah says that each in his own land   

               
shall be vested in a double garment,

93
           
and their own land is this sweet life.   

               
‘And then your brother, turning his attention   

               
to the shining robes, explains to us

96
           
this revelation with still greater clarity.’

               
At once, as soon as these words ended,   

               
Sperent in te
was heard above us,   

99
           
to which all circles of the blessed responded.

               
Then one light, among them all, shone out so bright   

               
that, if the Crab held such a gem,

102
         
to winter would belong a month of endless day.

               
As a happy maiden rises and comes forward,   

               
joining the dancers only to show honor

105
         
to the bride, not prompted by desire for display,

               
so I saw that now brighter splendor gliding

               
toward the two already whirling to the notes

108
         
most fitted to the ardent burning of their love.

               
He joined them there in singing and in dance,   

               
and my lady, her gaze fixed on them, stood

111
         
as a bride stands, silent and motionless.

               
‘This is he who lay upon the breast   

               
of our Pelican, who from the cross

114
         
elected him to bear the heavy charge.’

               
These were my lady’s words, nor did her gaze

               
waver after she had spoken, but stayed intent

117
         
and fixed as it had been before.

               
As one who strains his eyes in his attempt to see   

               
the sun when it is partly in eclipse,

120
         
and, his seeing overwhelmed, has lost his sight,

               
such did I become before that final flaming

               
until I heard these words: ‘Why do you blind your eyes   

123
         
trying to behold what is not here to see?

               
‘In earth, earth is my body and there shall it lie   

               
among the others until our number

126
         
shall be equal to the eternal purpose.

               
‘With the two robes in the blessèd cloister   

               
are the two lights alone who have ascended,

129
         
and let this be the news you bring back to your world.’

               
At these words, the fiery dance was ended,   

               
together with the sweetly mingled notes   

132
         
that issued from the blended threefold breath,

               
just as, to avoid fatigue or danger,

               
oars until that moment driven through the water

135
         
stop all at once when the whistle sounds.

               
Ah, how troubled was my mind   

               
when I looked back for Beatrice

               
and could not see her, even though I was

139
         
so near to her and in that happy world!

OUTLINE: PARADISO XXVI

STARRY SPHERE

1–6
   
Dante, blinded, hears the voice of John as a breath, posing his first question: “What is your soul’s goal?”
7–12
   
and then offering his reassurance: Beatrice his
Ananias
;
13–18
   
Dante answers (1): “the good that makes you happy”;
19–24
   
John’s second question: “Who made you aim at that target?”
25–27
   
Dante answers (2): “rational examination and authority”;
28–36
   
reason: the greater good draws the greater love:
37–39
   
[Aristotle]
: love as the cause of all celestial movement;
40–45
   
authority: John himself revealed God in the Bible;
46–48
   
John summarizes and accepts Dante’s answer
49–51
   
John’s third question: “But what are the cords that draw you? the teeth that bite you?”
52–54
   
John’s intention is clear (he wants Dante to tell of the role of love in leading him to understanding):
55–66
   
Dante answers (3): the “bites” are Creation, Redemption, and promise of eternal Glory—these have “drawn” him from the sea of perverse love to the shore of good love;
67–69
   
the blessed (the host, not only the apostles) and Beatrice sing the “Sanctus”—in Italian;
70–78
   
simile: a man, awakened from sleep by a light, who does not know what he is looking at until he can decipher it: just so were Dante’s eyes cleared by Beatrice’s;
79–81
   
Dante’s stupefaction at the presence of a fourth light;
82–84
   
Beatrice: “This is Adam”;
85–90
   
simile: as the tip of a tree bent down by wind snaps back on its own, so Dante, silenced by her words, now wants to speak:
91–96
   
Dante addresses Adam as God’s direct creation and as the father of humankind;
97–102
   
simile: cloth covering an animal reveals its feelings, as Adam’s inner gladness was visible within his glowing form
103–108
   
Adam: I read your thoughts in God, the mirror that reflects all things, while nothing can mirror it
109–142
   
Adam states and then answers Dante’s four questions:
109–114
   
(1) how long has it been since God put him in Eden? (2) how long did he stay there? (3) what was the reason for God’s anger? (4) what were the languages (a) that he used and (b) that he made?

the answers:

115–117
   
(3) not the eating itself, but the transgression;
118–123
   
(1) 930 years on earth, 4,302 years in Limbo;
124–138
   
(4) the language he spoke was extinct before Nimrod’s attempt to build Babel; language is mortal;
139–142
   
(2) he lived in Eden, sinless, then guilty, into the seventh hour after he was created.
PARADISO XXVI

               
While I was still bewildered at my loss of sight,   

               
from the resplendent flame that blinded me

3
             
there breathed a voice that caught my ear:   

               
‘Until you have regained the sight

               
you have consumed on me, you will do well   

6
             
to make good for its loss with speech.   

               
‘Begin, and tell what goal your soul has set.

               
And be assured your power of sight

9
             
is but confounded, not forever lost,   

   

               
‘for the lady who guides you through

               
this holy place possesses in her glance

12
           
the power the hand of Ananias had.’

               
And I said: ‘As soon or as late as she wishes,   

               
may the cure come to eyes that were the portals

15
           
she entered with the fire in which I always burn.

               
‘The good that satisfies this court   

   

               
is alpha and omega of whatever scripture   

18
           
Love teaches me in loud or gentle tones.’

               
The same voice that had set me free

               
from fear at my sudden blindness

21
           
made me hesitate before I spoke again,   

               
when it said: ‘It is clear you need to sift   

               
with a finer sieve, for you must reveal

24
           
who made you aim your bow at such a target.’

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