Sauron Defeated (55 page)

udubanim dalad ugrus ... arpharazon fell under horror? shadow? ... ?

azgaranadu avaloi-[men >] si ... barun-aduno was waging war? Powers on ... the Lord of West rakkhatu kamat sobethuma eruvo ... azre

broke asunder earth assent-with of God ... seas

nai [phurusam >] phurrusim akhas-ada. anaduni akallabi.

might-flow Chasm-into Westernesse fell in ruin.

Adunaim azulada ... agannulo burudan The Adunai (Men of W.) eastward ... death-shade heavy-is nenum ... adun batan akhaini ezendi ido kathy on-us ... West road lay straight lo! now all batani rokhF-nam ... [vahaia sin atalante] ... ephalek ways bent-are ... far away idon akallabeth ... [haia vahaia sin atalante]

lo! now is She-that-is-fallen ...

ephal ephalek idon athanate

far far away is now Athanate (the Land of Gift) In the rejected typescript F 1 of Night 66 appears Athanati (p. 305), where F 2 has Yozayan (p. 241).

In text (2) the final text of the fragments was very largely reached, but still with a number of differences. I list here all of these, in the order of the occurrence of the words in the final text, giving the final form first:

unakkha: unakkha > yadda > unakkha

dubdam: dubbudam > dubdam

ar-pharazonun: ar-pharazon ) ar-pharazonun

azaggara: azagrara, with azaggara as alternative

barim: barun

yurahtam: urahhata > urahta

hikallaba (typescript), hikalba (manuscript): hikallaba > hikalba bawiba dulgi: dulgu bawib

an-nimruzir: nimruzir

At the beginning of II Adunaim azulada retained from (1), then struck out

buroda nenud: buruda nenu

adun izindi batan taido ayadda: adun batan eluk izindi yadda ido (manuscript) at last two occurrences, idon (typescript): idon hi-Akallabeth: Akallabeth

Eru. The appearance of the name Eru in these texts is interesting: Lowdham says (pp. 248 - 9) that he thinks that eruhinim in I (B) must mean 'Children of God'; that eruvo 'is the sacred name Eru with a suffixed element meaning from> -, and that therefore iluvataren means the same thing.' In a list of 'Alterations in last revision [of The Silmarillion] 1951' my father included Aman, Arda, Ea', Eru, and other names (V.338). It seems very probable that the name Eru (Eru) -

and Arda also - first emerged at this time, as the Adunaic equivalent of Iluvatar (for the etymology of Eru in Adunaic see p. 432). The appearance of era in the E text (p. 310), replacing ilu 'world' and in turn displaced by arda, could be explained as the first emergence of eru, as a Quenya word, and with a different meaning.

(iv) Earlier versions of Edwin Lowdham's Old English text.

Two texts of a longer Old English version are extant, the second of these, followed here, being a revision of the first but closely similar to it and accompanied by a translation. This version belongs with the manuscript E: there are no Adunaic names, and a complete facsimile of Edwin Lowdham's text in Numenorean script (tengwar) bears a page reference to the manuscript. In those passages where this version and the later one (pp. 257 - 8) can be compared many differences in the forms of words will be seen, for this does not represent the old Mercian dialect (see p. 291 note 71).

I give the text here as my father wrote it in a rapidly pencilled manuscript. The two sides of Edwin Lowdham's page in tengwar are reproduced on pp. 319 - 20; the tengwar text was directly based on the Old English that now follows, and (in intention) scarcely deviates from it. There are a very few minor differences in spelling between the two, including the last word, the name Niwelland, which in the tengwar text is given as Neowolland (p. 292 note 76).

Ealle sae on worulde hi oferlidon, sohton hi nyston hwaet ac aefre wolde hyra heorte westweard, fordamde hi ofhyngrede wurdon daere undeadlican blisse daere Eldalie 7 swa hyra wuldor weox swa aefre hyra langung 7 hyra unstilnes wurdon de ma aetiht ....... pa forbudon da Eldan him on Eresse up to cumanne, fordam hi mennisce waeron 7 deadlice 7 peahpe da Wealdend him langes lifes udon ne mihton hi alysan hi of daere woruldmednesse he on ealle men aer dam ende faered 7 hi swulton efne hyra heacyningas, Earendles yrfenuman, 7 hyra liffaec puhte dam Eldum scort. Fordon hit swa gefyrn araedde se AElmihtiga daet hi steorfan sceoldon 7 pas woruld ofgyfan ....... ac hi ongunnon murcnian, saegdon daet pis forbod him unryht puhte. Ponne on digle asendon hi sceaweras on Avallon da dyrnan lare dara Eldena to asmeaganne; ne fundon deah nawder ne rune ne raed de him to bote waeron ....... Hit gelamp sippan daet se fula Deofles pegn de AElfwina folc Sauron nemneb weox swide on middangearde 7 he geaxode Westwarena miht 7 wuldor 7 daet hi gyt holde waeren Gode; ongunnon upahaefenlice swadeah ... Pa gehyrde Westwarena cyning aet his saelidum be Saurone daet he wolde cyning beon ofer eallum cyning-um 7 healicran stol habban wolde donne Earendles afera sylf ahte.

Ponne sende he Tarcalion se cyning butan Wealdendra raede oppe Eldena his aerendracan to Saurone, abead him daet he on ofste on Westfoldan cwome paer to daes cyninges manraedenne to buganne 7

he Sauron lytigende geeadmedde hine daet he cwom, waes peah inwitful under, facnes hogode Westwarena peode. Pa cwom he up aet sumum cyrre on Romelonde daere hyde 7 sona adwealde fornean ealle ha Numenoriscan mid wundrum 7 mid tacnum; fordam he mihte mycel on gedwimerum 7 drycraeftum....... 7 hi geworhton mycelne ealh on dam hean 'munte' de Meneltyula - daet is to secganne Heofonsyl - hatte - se de aer waes unawidlod; dydon ha halignesse to haehenum hearge 7 paer onsaegdon unasecgendlice lac on unhalgum weofode ... swa cwom se deapscua on Westfarena land.......

Paes ofer fela geara hit gelamp daet Tarcalione wearp yldo onsaege 7 py weard he hreow on mode 7 pa wolde he be Saurones onbryrdingum Avallon mid fyrde gefaran, fordamde Sauron him saegde daet da Eldan him on woh eces lifes forwyrnden..... waeron Westwarena scipfyrda swaswa unarimedlic igland on daere sae 7

hyra maestas gelice fyrgenbeamum on beorghlidum, 7 hyra here-cumbol gelice punorwolcnum; waeron hyra segl blodread 7 blacu

..... Nu sitte we on elelande 7 forgytad daere blisse de iu waes 7 nu sceal eft cuman naefre. Us swide onsitt Deapscua. Woh bip seo woruld. Feor nu is Niwelland d.

I cannot explain the 8 at the end of this text, which stands at the end of a line but not at the end of the page, and which must have a significance since the symbol for th concludes the version in tengwar (and concludes the page). The translation reads thus: All the seas in the world they sailed, seeking they knew not what; but their hearts were turned ever westward, for they were become greatly desirous of the undying bliss of the Eldalie, and as their power and glory grew so was their longing and their unquiet ever the more increased....... Then the Eldar forbade them to land on Eresse, for they were of human kindred and mortal; and albeit the Powers had granted them long life, they could not release them from the weariness of the world that comes upon all men ere the end, and they died, even their high-kings, descendants of Earendel; and their life-span seemed short to the Eldar. For thus had the Almighty ordained it, that they should die and leave this world ....... But they began to murmur, saying that this prohibition seemed to them unjust. Then they sent out in secret spies to Avallon to explore the hidden knowledge of the Eldar; but they discovered neither lore nor counsel that was of any avail to them.......

It came to pass afterward that the foul servant of the Devil whom the people of the AElfwinas call Sauron grew mightily in the Great Lands, and he learned of the power and glory of the Westware, and that they were still faithful to God, but were behaving arrogantly nonetheless... Then the King of the Westware heard news from his mariners concerning Sauron, that he desired to be King over all Kings and to have a more exalted throne than even the heir of Earendel himself possessed. Then he, Tarkalion the King, without counsel either of the Powers or of the Eldar, sent his ambassadors to Sauron, commanding him to come with all speed to Westfolde, there to do homage to the King. And Sauron, dissembling, humbled himself and came, being filled with malice beneath, and designing wickedness against the people of the Westware. He landed then one day at the haven of Romelonde, and straightway he deluded well nigh all the Numenoreans with signs and wonders; for he had great craft in phantoms and in wizardry ... and they builded a great temple on that high mountain that was called Meneltyula (that is to say the Pillar of Heaven), which before was undefiled, and there they did sacrifice unspeakable offerings upon an unholy altar

... thus came the Deathshadow upon the land of the Westware Many years afterward it came to pass that old age assailed Tarkalion, so that he became exceedingly sad in mind, and he determined then (being goaded by Sauron) to invade Avallon with an army; for Sauron said to him that the Eldar refused to him the gift of everlasting life, wrongfully ..... The fleets of the Numenoreans were as uncounted islands in the sea and their masts were like unto tall trees upon the mountain-sides, and their war-banners like to thunder-clouds, and their sails were bloodred and black.......

Now we dwell in the land of exile and forget the bliss that once was and now shall come again never. Heavy lies upon us the Deathshadow. Bent is the world. Far now is the Land that is fallen low.

At the end the following bracketed sentence was added subsequently:

'[that is Atalante which was before called Andor and Vinyamar and Numenor.]'

A remarkable feature of this text is the ascription to the Eldar of a ban on Numenorean landing in Eressea, and still more the statement that Sauron told Tarkalion that the Eldar 'refused to him the gift of everlasting life'; on this see pp. 355 - 6-Of names in this text the following may be noted. There is an Old English form Eldan for 'Eldar', with genitive plural Eldena, dative plural Eldum. For Meneltyula (in the first draft of this version Menelmindo) see p. 302, and for Heofonsyl p. 242 and note 46. The statement that Sauron landed 'at the haven of Romelonde' (in the first draft Romelonan) is interesting: with Romelonde 'East-haven' cf. the great harbour of Romenna 'Eastward' in the later form of the legend.

Also notable is the name Vinyamar of Numenor in the addition at the end of the translation: with this cf. Vinya 'the Young', 'the New Land'

in The Fall of Numenor (V.19, 25, and in this book p. 332) and in The Lost Road (V.64). Later Vinyamar 'New Dwelling' became the name of the house of Turgon on the coast of Nevrast, before he removed to Gondolin (Index to Unfinished Tales).

With the sails of the Numenorean ships that were 'bloodred and black' cf. p. 290 note 63, where Jeremy sees them as 'scarlet and black'

in E, but 'golden and black' in F.

There are several other Old English texts and scraps of texts extant.

In one of these a much fuller account of the drowning of Numenor is given, to which I append a translation:

Ac pa pa Tarcaligeones foregengan dyrstlaehton paet hie on paet land astigen and hie paer dydon micel yfel ond atendon Tunan pa burg, pa hreowsode Osfruma and he gebaed him to pam AElmihtigan, and be paes Scyppendes raede 7 leafe onhwierfed wearp worulde gesceapu.

Weard Osgeard from eorpan asundrod, 7 micel aefgrynde aetiewde on middum Garsecge, be eastan Anetige. 7 pa sae dufon niper inn on paet gin, ond mid pam bearhtme para hreosendra waetera wearp eall middangeard afylled; 7 para waetergefealla se prosm stanc up op heofon ofer para ecra munta heafdu.

Paer forwurdon eall Westfarena scipu, and adranc mid him eall paet folc. Forwurdon eac Tarcaligeon se gyldena 7 seo beorhte Iligen his cwen, feollon butu niper swaswa steorran on pystro and gewiton seoppan of eallra manna cyppe. Micle flodas gelumpon on pam timan and landa styrunga, and Westfolde pe aer Numenor hatte weard aworpen on Garsecges bosm and hire wuldor gewat.

But when those who went before Tarcalion dared to go up into the land, and did there great evil and set fire to the city of Tuna, then the Lord of the Gods grieved, and he prayed to the Almighty; and by the counsel and leave of the Creator the fashion of the world was changed. Osgeard [Valinor] was sundered from the earth, and a great abyss appeared in the midst of Garsecg [the Ocean], to the east of Anetig [the Lonely Isle]. And the seas plunged down into the chasm, and all Middle-earth was filled with the noise of the falling waters; and the smoke of the cataracts rose up to heaven above the heads of the everlasting mountains.

There perished all the ships of the Westfarers, and all that people were drowned with them. There perished also Tarcalion the golden and bright Ilien his queen; they fell both like stars into the darkness and passed out of all men's knowledge. There were great floods in that time and tumults of the lands, and Westfolde, which before was named Numenor, was cast down into the bosom of Garsecg, and its glory perished.