Stones of Aran (69 page)

1
Stokes,
The
Life …
of
George
Petrie.

2
Patricia Boyne,
John
O’Donovan
(1806–1861)
(Kilkenny, 1987).

3
O’Donovan,
op.
cit.

4
W.F. Wakeman, “Aran—Pagan and Christian,” in
Duffy’s
Hiber
nian
Magazine,
I (1862).

5
I am grateful to Dr. Máirín Ní Dhonnchadha of the Dublin
Institute
for Advanced Studies for translating these verses, from
O’Donovan’s
Ordnance
Survey
Letters.
For Colm Cille’s poem, see
Pilgrimage,
p. 235.

6
For Roderic O’Flaherty, see “The Ferocious O’Flahertys” in this volume.

7
Put together from pp. 496 and 90 of “Clonmacnoise, Clare, and Arran,” Parts 1 and 2, S.F. (Samuel Ferguson), in
Dublin
University
Magazine,
XLI (1853). For the banquet in Dún Aonghasa, see also
Pilgrimage,
p. 73.

8
Stokes,
op.
cit.

9
(Melville)
Galway
Vindicator
(28 May 1864). (I am grateful to Tim Collins, Centre for Landscape Studies, University College Galway, for this material.)

10
E. Percival Wright, “Notes on the Flora of the Islands of Arran, West of Ireland,” in
Proc.
Nat.
Hist.
Soc.
Dublin,
Vol. V (1866). For references to other botanists’ visits, see D.A. Webb, “The Flora of the Aran Islands,” in
J
.
Life
Sci.
R.
Dubl.
Soc.,
2 (1980).

11
John Beddoe,
The
Races
of
Britain:
A
Contribution
to
the
Anthropol
ogy
of
Western
Europe
(1885).

12
Earle Hackett and M.E. Folan, “The ABO and RH Blood Groups of the Aran Islanders,” in
Irish
Journal
of
Medical
Science
(June 1958).

13
(the cartoon) John C. Messenger,
Inis
Beag,
Isle
of
Ireland
(New York, 1969).

14
James G. Barry, “Aran of the Saints,” in
JRSAI
(1885–86).

15
Seaton F. Milligan,
Excursion
of
the
Royal
Society
of
Antiquaries
of
Ireland,
reprinted from
Belfast
News
Letter
(July 9, 10, 11, 12, 1895).

16
Thomas J. Westropp, “The North Isle of Aran,” in
JRSAI,
25 (1895); reprinted in
The
Aran
Islands
and
Galway
City
(Dublin, 1971).

17
Timothy Collins,
Floreat
Hibernia:
A
Bio-Bibliography
of
Robert
Lloyd Praeger
1865
–
1953
(Dublin, 1985).

18
R. Lloyd Praeger, “Irish Field Club Union: Report of the
Conference
and Excursion Held at Galway, July 11th to 17th, 1895,” in
The
Irish
Naturalist,
Vol. IV, No. 9 (September 1895).

19
(steamer services) Powell,
op.
cit.
See also, Timothy Collins, “The Galway Line in Context,” Part 2, in
JGAHS,
Vol. 47 (1995).

20
Mary Banim,
Here
and
There
Through
Ireland,
reissued from
Weekly
Freeman
(1896); reprinted in
An
Aran
Reader,
eds. Breandán and Ruairí Ó hEithir (Dublin, 1991).

21
Úna ní Fhaircheallaigh,
Smuainte
ar
Árainn
(Dublin, 1902). Brief biographies of these Gaeilgeoirí are given in
1882–1982
Beathaisnéis
I–IV,
Diarmuid Breathnach and Máire Ní Mhurchú (Dublin, 1986–95).

22
Séan Ó Ceallaigh,
Eoghan
Ó
Gramhnaigh
(Dublin, 1968).

23
Patrick Pearse, “A Visit to Inis Mór and Inis Meáin, August 1898,” in
Fáinne
an
Lae
(1898); translation by Breandán and Ruairí Ó hEithir in
An
Aran
Reader.

24
(Pearse’s speech)
Fáinne
an
Lae
(20 August 1898).

25
Letter to John O’Leary, from Paris, 1896, in
The
Letters
of
W.B.
Yeats,
ed. Allan Wade (London, 1954).

26
Arthur Symons,
Cities
and
Sea-Coasts
and
Islands
(London, 1897). Reprinted in
An
Aran
Reader.

27
Lady Gregory,
Our
Irish
Theatre
(New York, 1913); quoted in David H. Greene and Edward M. Stephens,
J
.
M.
Synge
1871–1909
(revised edition, New York and London, 1989).

28
(Synge on the cliffs) See my introduction to J.M. Synge,
The
Aran
Islands,
(London, 1992).

29
Synge’s 1898 notebook.

30
A.C. Haddon and C.R. Browne, “The Ethnography of the Aran Islands, County Galway,” in
Proc.
RIA,
18 (1893).

31
James Joyce, “Il Miraggio del Pescatore di Aran. La Valvola dell’Inghilterra in Caso di Guerra,” in
Il
Piccolo
della
Sera
(Trieste, 5 September 1912). Translated in
The
Critical
Writings
of
James
Joyce
(London, 1959); also in
The
Aran
Reader.

32
(“Tiger, Tiger”) Quoted from a
Dublin
Opinion
of 1934 in
Breandán
Ó hEithir, “Tiger King and
Man
of
Aran,
”
Willie
the
Plain
Pint
—
agus
an
Papa
(Dublin, 1977). For the making of
Man
of
Aran,
see also
Pilgrimage,
p. 161.

33
(Artaud in Aran) Information collected by Fr. Connla Ó Dúláine, in
Nuacht
Litir
(Cill Rónain, 10 May 1880).

34
I have translated this and the following texts from
Oeuvres
Com
pletes
,
Vol. VII Antonin Artaud (Gallimard, 1967). See also, Stephen Barber,
Antonin
Artaud:
Blows
and
Bombs
(London, 1993).

1
Powell,
Oileáin
Árann,
gives references to Parliamentary Papers 1826–27, Vol. XII, Irish Education Enquiry, 2nd report, and 1835, Vol. XXXIII, First Report of Commissioners of Public Instruction.

2
Rev. Henry M’Manus,
Sketches
of
the
Irish
Highlands:
Descriptive,
Social
and
Religious.
With
special
reference
to
Irish
Missions
in
West
Connaught
since
1840
(London, 1863).

3
Reports of the Island and Coast Society 1846, in
An
Aran
Reader.

4
For Rev. Synge’s letters, see: Paul F. Botheroyd, “The Rev.
Alexander
Hamilton Synge in the Aran Islands,”
Cahiers
Irlandais
(Rennes, 1983); also
An
Aran
Reader.

5
Rev. Dallas, quoted in D. Bowen,
The
Protestant
Crusade
in
Ireland,
1800–70
,
(Dublin, 1978).

6
(Jumpers rhyme) Information from Mícheál Báiréad, Roundstone.

7
(Dr. Stoney) Information from Professor George Stoney, New York University.

8
These controversies are voluminously reported in many issues of the
Galway
Vindicator
for the period.

9
“The Song of the Arranman,” in
Galway
Vindicator
(30 December 1868); quoted in Powell,
op.
cit
.;
see also “The Big House” in this volume.

10
(Ganly) See Powell,
op.
cit.

11
The
Irish
Crisis
of
1879–80;
Proceedings
of
the
Mansion
House
Com
mittee
(Dublin, 1881). This also includes Curran’s report of his investigation.

12
(Ganly) Information from the late Mary Walshe, Cill Rónáin, and Alice Powell, Eochaill; see also Powell,
op.
cit.,
for the Land War events.

13
“Amhrán Shéamais Uí Chonchúir,” from a version obtained in Aran by the late Éamonn Ó Tuathail, Dublin; a closely similar one was published in the local
Nuacht
Litir
in May and June 1979; my translation.

14
Rev. William Kilbride,
The
Book
of
Psalms;
a
Metrical
Version
in
the
Irish
language,
of
seventy
of
the
psalms
most
commonly
used
in
churches,
to
which
are
added
some
Hymns
and
Sacred
Songs
(Dublin, 1863).

1
Ó Cillín,
op.
cit.

2
J.M. Synge,
The
Aran
Islands
(London, 1907; new edition 1992). (The name “Digby” is replaced by a dash in Synge’s text.)

3
Hardiman’s notes to
West
Connaught.

4
(Digbys’ removal to Aran) Ó Cillín,
op.
cit.

5
(Digby House) Admiralty chart (1844–48).

6
(1831 distress)
First
Report
of
the
Fishery
Commissioners
(London, 1836).

7
Annals
of
the
Four
Masters,
quoted in Hardiman’s notes to R. O’Flaherty,
op.
cit.

8
“Na Dubhchrónaigh,” in
Nuacht
Litir
(Cill Rónáin, 6
and 14 April 1979); also reminiscences from Caomhán Ó Goill, Máire Bn Uí Chonghaile, Mícheál King, Thomas Fleming, and other islanders.

9
(Clifden episode) Information from John Barlow, Roundstone.

1
(An Suicín) Information from the late Prof. T.S. Ó Máille, UCG.

2
(Bord na Gaeilge report) Liam Mac Con Iomaire, speaking on Raidió na Gaeltachta (1 May 1991); also,
The
Irish
Times
(8 and 9 May 1991).

3
“An Teanga sa Ghaeltacht,”
Willie
the
Plain
Pint
—
agus
an
P
á
pa,
B. Ó hEithir (Dublin, 1977); (my translation).

4
“Haraí Steatail” is also recorded from Carna in Connemara; see
Foirisiún
Focal
as
Gaillimh,
Tomás de Bhaldraithe (Dublin, 1985).

5
“Beart Sgéalta ó Árainn,” in
Béaloideas,
Vol. 3 (1931–32) (three tales collected by Seosamh Ó Flannagáin, who was the schoolmaster in Eoghanacht).

6
Breandán Ó hEithir, “Liam Ó Flatharta agus a Dhúchais,”
Willie
the
Plain
Pint
—
agus
an
P
á
pa.
Also, information from Alice Powell, Eochaill.

7
Tom Ó Flaherty,
Aranmen
All
(Dublin, 1934).

1
B. Ó hEithir, “Má Bhíonn Tu in Árainn Bí in Eochaill,” in
The
Irish
Times
(15 July 1977); my translation.

2
(1581 inquisition) Ó Cillín,
op.
cit.,
taken from the RIA library’s interleaved copy of Mervyn Archdall,
Monasticum
Hibernicum
(Dublin, 1786). [this text not in original, p.464] For these divisions see also F.J. Byrne, “Eoghanacht Ninussa,” in
Éigse
(Earrach, 1958).

3
(grants) Ó Cillín,
op.
cit.

4
T.J. Westropp, “The Aran Islands,” in
JRSAI,
25 (1895).

5
Charles Plummer,
Vitae
Sanctorum
Hiberniae,
Vol. II (Oxford, 1910); translated for me by Ann Mohr.

6
O’Donovan,
op.
cit.

7
Plummer, trans. Ann Mohr.