The Age of Chivalry (45 page)

Baldwin IX, count of Flanders
126

Baldwin of Boulogne
51
,
52

Baldwin of Edessa
54

bannum
190

barbarians
188

Barcelona
172

Bari
43

Bauge, Battle of
145

Baybars
96
,
130

Bayeux tapestry
25

Becket, Thomas
77
–8,
77
,
80

Bede
201

begging
206

Benedict VIII, pope
13

Benedict X, antipope
58

Benedict XI, pope
161

Benedict of Nursia
201

Benedictines
201
,
206

benefices
159

Benevento
40
,
43

Battle of
72
,
128
,
129
,
165

Berbers
120
–1,
122
,
124
,
175
–6

Berengar, margrave of Ivrea
10
,
11

Bergerac
143

Bermudo III of León
174

Bernard of Clairvaux
108
,
183
,
187

Bernard VII, count of Armagnac
143
,
144

Berthold of Carinthia
59

Bertrand of Toulouse
54

Beziers
116

Black Death
167
,
196

Black Prince
139
,
141
–2,
143

Blanche of Castile
128

Bohemond, prince of Taranto
51
,
52

Bohemond of Antioch, count
103

Bohemond, Mark
44

Bolingbroke, Henry
143

Boniface
201

Boniface VIII, pope
39
,
97
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
157
,
158

books
86

books of hours
184
,
184

Borrel II, count of Barcelona
18
,
172

Boutoumites, Manuel
52

Bouvines, Battle of
95
,
96
,
136

Brétigny, Treaty of
141
,
144

Brion, Simon de
131

Brittany
79
–80

Brunswick
68

Buchan, earl of
145

Bureau, Jean
146

Burgundians
143
,
144
–6

Burgundy, duke of
205

Byzantium
40
,
43
,
126
,
130
–1,
177

Cadiz
176

Caetani, Benedetto
39
,
154

Caetani clan
157

Calabria
11
,
40
,
42
,
43

Calais
139
,
149

siege of
214

calendar
201
–2

Campaldino, Battle of
165

cannon
148
,
148
,
215
–16

Canossa Castle
60
,
61

Capet, Hugh
17

Capetians

language derivations
16

rise of
16
–23

triumph of
92
–9

Capua
42

Carcassonne
115
–16,
115

Cardinals, College of
155
,
157

Carmina Burana
87

Cassian, John
201

Castel San' Angelo
61

Castello di Venere
44

Castelnau, Pierre de
114

Castile
174

Castillon, Battle of
146
,
148

Castracani, Castruccio, duke of Lucca
167

Cathars
110
,
185
,
186

doctrine
110
–13

war with
113
–17,
116

cathedrals
84

Gothic
191
–2

Catherine of Alexandria
185

Catherine of Siena
160

Celestine III, pope
70

Cencio I Frangipane
60

Cerami, Battle of
41

Cerchi family
167

Cervera, Battle of
174

Chandos, John
143

Chanson de Roland (Song of Roland)
55
,
55
,
122

Charlemagne
122
,
171
–2,
177
,
193
,
194

canonization
68
,
69

King of the Franks
8

Charles I of Hungary
134

Charles II of Naples
133
,
134

Charles III of Naples
134

Charles IV of France
92
,
98
–9,
138

Charles V of France
141
,
142

Charles VI of France
143
,
144
,
145

Charles VII of France
144
,
145
,
146
,
147

Charles, duke of Orléans
144

Charles of Anjou
72
,
126
–33,
127
,
134
,
165

Charles of Blois
212

Charles of Calabria, duke
167

Charles of Durazzo
134

Charles of Lorraine
18

Charles of Valois
132
–3,
167

Charter of Liberties
29

charters (
fueros
)
170

Chartres
86

Chartres Cathedral
85
,
184

Château de Lusignan
189

China, missions in
205

Chintila, king of Galicia
120

chivalry
195
,
203
–4,
211

Christianity
198
–202,
204
–7

Cicero
86

Cilicia
52

Cimabue
169

Cistercians
201

cities, medieval growth of
192
–3

city-states

birth of
32
–9

German
33
–6

Italian
36
–8

Venice
38

Civitate, Battle of
42
–3,
51

civitates
188
–90

Clare, Osbert de
30

Clare of Assisi, saint
183
,
184

Clarendon

Assize of
76

Constitutions of
77
–8

Clement II, pope
65

Clement III, pope
61

Clement IV, pope
165

Clement V, pope
98
,
109
,
152
,
158
,
159

Clement VI, pope
160

Clement VII, antipope
154

clergy
183
,
200
,
202

curbing the power of
35
–6

investiture of senior
56
–63

Clericis laicos
154
,
155
–6

clerks, employed by rulers
84

Clermont, Council of
48
,
49

Clito, William
19

Clotilda, queen
200

Clovis
120
,
200

Cluny Abbey
58

Cluny, monastery of
201

Cnut, king of England
26

Cola di Rienzo
38

College of Cardinals
58

coloni
188

Colonna, Sciarrillo
157

Columbanus, saint
200
,
201

Commensus, Duke
105

Commons
150

communes
32
,
33
,
37

communications in battle
214

Compostella
123

Conan III, duke of Brittany
79

Conan IV, duke of Brittany
79

Concordat of London
29
,
62

Concordat of Worms
62

confession
200

Conrad II of Germany
42
,
64
–5

Conrad III of Germany
102

Conrad IV of Germany
72
,
129

Conrad, duke of Franconia
66
–8

Conrad of Italy
62

Conrad of Montferrat
104
,
105
,
106
,
107

Conradin
72

conseil du roi
92

Constance of Aragon
132

Constance of Castile
21

Constantinople
126
,
129
,
177

Constitutions of Clarendon
77
–8

Constitutions of Melfi
71

Conti, Lotario dei
154

Conversos
176

Córdoba
118
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
124
,
176

Great Mosque
119
,
123
–4

viceroyalty of
124

Corpus Juris Civilis
87
–8

Cortenuova, Battle of
72

Cotentin Peninsula
139

Council of the Church (Tours)
113

Council of Clermont
48
,
49

Council of Nablus
100

Council of Ten
38

cour des comptes
98

Covadonga, Battle of
170

craft guilds
35

Crécy, Battle of
137
,
139
,
146
,
214

Crogen, Battle of
78

Crusades
205

First
48
–55

Second
102

Third
100
–9
,
101
,
104
,
107

Fourth
113
,
126

Seventh
96
,
129

Eighth
96
,
130

Albigensian
110
–17

Crusader states
107

People's
51

culture, Arab influences in
88
–9

culture

European
204
–5

medieval
198
–207

cultus
180
,
183
–4

curia
161

curia regis
92

Damascus, capture of
102

Danegeld
215

Dante Alighieri
39
,
117
,
157
,
158
,
167

David I of Scotland
78
–9

David II of Scotland
139

Decretum
88

Decretum Gratiani
202
–3

Deheubarth
217

demesne
190

Dermot of Leinster
78

dhimmi
124

Didascalicon
203

Dinefwr, royal house of
217

Dionysius Exiguus
201

Diplomata Ottonianum
10

Doctors of the Church
178
,
207

Domesday Book
28

Dominicans
206

Dominic de Guzman (St. Dominic)
114
,
183

Donati, Corso
167

Donati family
167

Dorylaeum, Battle of
52

drama
87

Drengot, Ranulf
42

Drengot, Richard
43

Duccio
169

Dyrrhachium, Battle of
44

Edessa
52
,
100
,
102

Edmund, king of East Anglia
30
,
31

Edward the Confessor
26
,
30
–1,
30

Edward I of England
97
,
150
,
151
,
213

Edward II of England
98
,
138
,
150

Edward III of England
31
,
138
–9,
139
,
141
,
143
,
150

Eleanor of Aquitaine
20
,
21
,
76
,
80

Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint
181

Elster, Battle of
61

encyclopedias
91

England

Normans in
24
–31

Parliament
150
,
151

Enrique
141
,
143

Epirus
126

escheat
195

Estates-General
148
–9

Ethelred II
26
,
26

Euclid
89

Evesham, Battle of
150