The Father of Us All: War and History, Ancient and Modern (29 page)

Pelosi, Nancy, 17

Pericles: death of, 84, 89; funeral oration of, 57, 215
–
16; Kagan’s views about, 90, 92; and lack of knowledge about classical world, 5; and military errors, 186; and Peloponnesian War, 86, 88, 89, 90, 92; Plutarch’s description of, 28; and reasons for war, 234; and Thucydides’ account of Peloponnesian War, 58

Pershing, John J., 12, 141, 146, 148

Persian Wars, 4, 27, 34, 50
–
51, 63
–
70, 216. See also
300
(film)

Persians/Persian Empire, 34, 36, 41, 45, 46, 63
–
70, 87
–
88, 138.
See also
Persian Wars;
specific person

Petraeus, David, 10, 24, 175
–
76, 178

Philip of Macedonia, 112, 134

Philippines, 13, 168, 192

Pinochet, Augusto, 197

piracy, 39

Pius V (pope), 97

Plato, 33, 35, 38, 55, 222

Plutarch, 28, 50, 52, 85, 92

Pol Pot, 15, 232

police actions, 109

political correctness, 225, 232

politics/politicians: and alternatives to punitive war, 213, 214; and antithetical cultures, 191; and civilian-military leadership, 190; and constraints on military, 212; and decisive battles, 111
–
12; and military errors, 162, 176; and racial and gender integration in military, 195; and spread of democracy, 197; war as continuation of, 28
–
29; and way of war in America, 147, 154; and where to start studying about war, 28
–
29

Polybius, 6, 33

Powell, Colin, 189

preparedness, military, 17, 43, 48, 217, 222, 246

Prescott, William H., 27, 31

“presentism,” 161

presidents, U.S., 232, 233.
See also specific person

proportionality concept, 241

public: and alternatives to punitive war, 214; and asymmetrical wars, 230, 232; and freedom of expression, 219
–
20; and immunity from need for military innovation, 136; and interest in military history, 11
–
12; and Iraq War, 23
–
24, 230, 243; and military error, 179
–
82, 184; and nation-building, 210; postmodern characteristics of, 235; and present wars as reflective of origins of war, 241, 243; reaction to war by, 15, 22
–
24; and reasons for war, 234; and redefinition of war, 235; role in conduct of war of, 226; and security versus freedom, 219
–
20; and spread of democracy, 199; and war as “human thing,” 157; and war in the future, 246; and way of war in America, 147, 157; and Western advantages, 234, 235

Punic Wars, 112, 216, 238

punitive war, 212
–
15

Putin, Vladimir, 118

Pyle, Ernie, 176

quality of life, 229
–
30, 238

Range, Gabriel, 218

Reagan, Ronald, 57, 209

realism, 208, 233

Reid, Harry, 162

religion, 219, 241.
See also
Christianity; Islam/Muslims

Remarque, Erich Maria, 27

Renaissance, 47

“revolt of the generals,” 189
–
90

“revolution in military affairs” (RMA), 126
–
33

Ricks, Thomas, 198

Ridgway, Matthew, 14

robots, 152, 155

Romans: Civil War of, 110; and classical lessons about modern wars, 43, 45
–
46, 47; and decisive battles, 112; and democracy, 194; and end of Roman Republic, 191; establishment of “Roman peace” by, 112; fall of, 43; lack of modern understanding about wars of, 6; and pacifism, 222; and present as reflective of origins of war, 239
–
43; and reasons for war, 18; and technology, 136; wealth of, 225
–
26; and Western exceptionalism, 47.
See also specific person, war or battle

Rommel, Erwin, 241

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 14, 76
–
77, 234

Roth, Philip, 45

Roy, James, 68
–
69

Rumsfeld, Donald, 127, 174, 189
–
90

Runciman, Steven, 27

Rushdie, Salman, 219

Russia: and classical lessons about modern wars, 85; and contradictions and paradoxes about war, 244; and future of battles, 119
–
20; invasion of Georgia by, 37, 224, 237; and Napoleonic Wars, 65; and return of battles, 121; and roots of war, 37; spending in, 144; and technology, 136; and Tsushima (1905), 130; and World War I, 14.
See also
Chechnyans; Grozny; Soviet Union

Rwanda, 15, 25, 33, 93, 109, 114, 211, 238

Ryan, Cornelius, 11

Said, Edward, 220, 222

Salamis, battle of, 22, 34, 46, 47, 88, 95, 107, 139, 246

Sanchez, Ricardo, 174

satellites, 116, 117, 119, 127, 133

Saudi Arabia, 163, 183

Saving Private Ryan
(film), 11

Seabury, Paul, 30

security, 215
–
20, 226, 242
–
43, 245

September 11, 2001: and asymmetrical wars, 229; as Christian-Muslim clash, 95; and classical lessons about modern wars, 38, 42, 47
–
48, 85; and future of battles, 115; and nation-building, 208, 209; and paradoxes of the present, 237; and present wars as reflective of origins of war, 240; prevention of another, 234; and renewal of interest in Xenophon, 67; and roots of war, 18
–
19, 38, 42; and Sledge’s account of World War II, 81; and war in the future, 245; and Western exceptionalism, 47
–
48; Wright’s comments about, 219

Serbians, 15, 17, 93, 109, 112, 150, 191, 192, 193, 197, 205, 214, 228

“The Seville Statement on Violence” (Spain, 1986), 44

Sheehan, Cindy, 23, 204

Sherman, William Tecumseh: in Atlanta, 23, 171; memoirs of, 27; and military errors, 166, 171, 174
–
75, 176, 178; public lack of knowledge about, 17; and public sentiment, 23; and way of war in America, 141, 146; and where to start studying about war, 27, 29; and winning of Civil War, 21

Shiloh, battle of, 12, 87, 166, 174
–
75

Shirer, William L., 17
–
18

Sicily: Athenian invasion of, 15, 45, 57
–
58, 84, 85, 86, 92, 196; in World War II, 23, 175

Six-Day War (1967), 28, 109, 165, 227

slavery, 54, 55, 97, 183, 194

Sledge, Eugene Bondurant “E.B.,” 26, 71
–
82, 83

Snyder, Zack, 51, 53

social sciences, 44

Socrates, 41, 45, 86, 89

Solana, Javier, 231

Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 27

Somalia, 19, 39, 109, 114, 156, 185, 193, 204, 237

Somme, battle of the, 8, 17, 28, 44, 105
–
6, 108, 111, 115, 120, 169, 245

Somoza, Anastasio, 168, 197

Sophocles, 41, 45, 55, 86, 174

South Korea, 37, 113, 114, 147, 154, 165, 180, 185, 193, 210.
See also
Korean War

Soviet Union: in Afghanistan, 108, 167, 224; and antithetical cultures, 192; collapse of, 196, 197; demise of, 153; and democracy, 194; formation of, 112; and military errors, 165, 167, 168, 178; as nuclear power, 197; and paradoxes of the present, 238; and return of battles, 121; and roots of war, 37; and technology, 131; way of war in, 144; and World War II, 22, 165, 167; and Yom Kippur War, 117.
See also
Russia; Stalin, Joseph

Spain.
See
Lepanto, Battle of; Spanish-American War

Spanish-American War, 111, 165

Sparta, 15, 36, 40
–
41, 191.
See also
Peloponnesian War; Thermopylae, Battle of;
300
(film)

Stalin, Joseph, 15, 37, 119, 143, 167, 232

Stalingrad, siege of, 32, 111

Stanford University, 4, 56
–
57

State Department, U.S., 165

Submission
(film), 218

Sudan, 130, 237

suicide bombers, 13, 42, 47, 77, 81, 125, 221, 224, 231, 244
–
45

Syracuse, Athenian attack on, 15, 89, 110, 113, 196

Syria, 17, 118, 183, 227, 229

Tacitus, 70, 225

Taiwan, 37, 110, 113, 120, 131, 238

Taliban: and alternatives to punitive war, 214; and classical lessons about modern wars, 46, 47; and military errors, 178, 180; and nation-building, 208, 209, 210; and renewal of interest in Xenophon, 67; and technology, 128; and utility of military history, 14; and war in the future, 245; and Western exceptionalism, 46, 47

Tarkanian, Jerry, 56

technology: and asymmetrical wars, 229; civilian leadership’s reliance on, 127; and cycles of military innovation, 123
–
26; and eternal challenges and responses, 132
–
36; and future of American warfare, 149
–
50, 151
–
52; and future of battles, 115
–
20; and globalization, 126
–
32; impact on wars of, 19
–
20; and military errors, 161, 162, 172, 179; and paradoxes of the present, 238; and popular culture interest in war, 12; and return of battles, 121; and “revolution in military affairs” (RMA), 126
–
32; and utility of military history, 15; and war as “human thing,” 154, 155, 156; and war in the future, 245; and way of war in America, 142, 143, 147, 151
–
52, 153
–
54; West as source of new, 134
–
35, 139; and Western advantages, 233, 235

television, 118, 119, 202, 204, 205, 206, 213, 214, 230, 233

Ten Thousand, 27, 63
–
70, 139

Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 119

terrorism: and alternatives to punitive war, 213, 214, 215; and asymmetrical wars, 227, 228
–
29, 230, 231; and classical lessons about modern wars, 40, 48; and contradictions and paradoxes about war, 244; and future of American warfare, 150; and future of battles, 115, 117; and Israeli-Arab conflicts, 109; and military errors, 163, 168, 179; and nation-building, 209; and new-isms, 221, 225; and roots of war, 40; and security versus freedom, 217, 220; and spread of democracy, 207; and technology, 124, 131; and war as “human thing,” 155
–
56; and war in the future, 245
–
46; and Western advantages, 233,

terrorism

234; and Western exceptionalism, 48; where to start studying about, 28.
See also specific person, organization, or attack

thalatta, thalatta
(“The Sea, The Sea!”), 69

Thebes, 35
–
36, 52, 53, 92, 134, 195

Thermopylae, Battle of, 16, 41, 51
–
55. See also
threezz300
(film)

Thespians, 52, 53

Thomas, George, 174

Thornton affair, 165

300
(film), 3
–
4, 11, 51
–
55

Thucydides: and Athens as democracy, 46; and classical foundation for studying past wars, 31; and classical lessons about modern wars, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 46; and enemies as different, 46; history of Peloponnesian War by, 21, 27, 34, 36, 55
–
56, 57, 58, 63, 84, 85, 86
–
87, 88
–
90, 92, 93, 186, 196; and “human thing” of war, 91, 155; influence on Sledge of, 73; Kagan’s study of, 90, 92; and Pericles funeral oration, 215
–
16; popularity of, 55
–
59; and reasons for neglect of military history, 6; resurgence of modern interest in, 66; as revisionist, 90; and roots of war, 35; and security versus freedom, 215
–
16; and utility of military history, 15; views about democracies of, 86; as warrior, 90; Xenophon compared with, 63, 70

torture, 41, 95

Trainor, Bernard, 198