The Map That Changed the World (38 page)

physical and mental illness of, 213, 238, 244, 262, 272, 294
n

Smith, Sydney, 195
n

Smith, William:

ambition of, 61–62, 85, 149, 195–96

ancestry of, 16
n

award named for, 170
n
–71
n

awards and honors given to, xix, 209, 280,
283,
286–89, 293–95,
293

birth of, 11–12, 17, 22
n

cartography as obsessive interest of, 61
n,
194

character of, xviii, 101, 137, 149, 159, 193–94, 198, 232, 268

county maps of, 268, 271

death of, 299 in debtors’ prison,
3,
5–6, 148, 236, 255–61,
259

diaries and autobiographical writings of, xix, 9
n,
32, 52, 54, 56–57, 64, 65, 74, 75, 87–88, 89, 95, 100, 124, 159–60, 202, 203, 206–7, 212, 219, 227, 242, 246, 253, 256–57, 259–60, 262–63, 267, 272, 273, 291–92

as drainage engineer, 150–51, 155, 207–9, 246

early geological interest of, 27–34, 52–53

final years of, 291–99

financial troubles and ruin of, xviii, 137–38, 146, 193, 213–14, 236, 241, 244–45, 247, 251–64, 268–69

geological map of,
see Delineation of The Strata of England and Wales with a part of Scotland, A

geological writings of, 65–68, 119–20, 156–60, 250, 289

as lecturer, 272–73

memorials for, 299–300

money earned by, 61, 101, 138, 208, 241–42

nickname of, 65
n,
193

notion of making maps introduced to, 124–25

pension granted to, 294

period of exile of, xviii, 9–10, 264, 269–80

Phillips’s biography of, 131–32, 201, 204, 220, 228, 245
n,
269–70, 272, 278, 295

physical appearance of, 5, 194–95

plagiarism of writings and map of, xviii, 146–49, 214, 228–31, 237–38, 253
n

post-chaise fares paid by, 242
n

properties owned or rented by, 5, 6–7, 101, 102–5,
103, 104,
115, 136–37, 203–5,
205,
241–42, 243, 244, 245, 259, 262

quarry venture of, 243–44, 245, 256, 268

rehabilitated reputation of, xviii–xix, 264, 266, 278–79

rheumatism of, 273

self-image of, 213

social standing of, 105, 114–15, 123–24, 136, 149, 155–56, 213, 225–26

Smith, William (WS’s uncle), 27, 53, 55, 242

Smith & Cruse, Land Surveyors, 197

Society of Arts, 196–97, 203, 204, 209, 219

Somerset Coal Canal Company, 127, 198 canal committee of, 90, 92

WS as surveyor for, 51–52, 58, 61, 77–78, 83–91, 92–101, 115

WS fired by, 137–38, 146, 151, 241

WS’s survey charts for, 141

Somerset Coal Measures, 48–51, 62–75,
73,
115 age of, 48, 64, 68 geology of, 64–68 stratification of, 48, 49,
63,
64, 70–75

Somerset
County

Agricultural Report,
124–25

Somerset Guardian,
82

Sowerby, James, 240

Spain, 114, 130

Staffordshire
(Plot), 93

stages, 168
n

Stanley, Sir John, 246

steam engines, 17, 46, 50, 65

Steno, Nicolaus, 37, 38
n,
39

Stephens, James, 151, 156

Stonesfield slate, 187 Stowey, 57, 60

Strachey, John, 89, 93

Strata Identified by Organized Fossils
(Smith), 250

stratification:

first use of term, 65
n

formulation of WS’s theories on, 74–78, 84, 87–91,
87,
97–100, 115–20

of Somerset Coal Measures, 48, 49,
63,
64, 70–75

WS’s first observations of,
63,
65–68, 71–74, 115

WS’s tabular list of, 132–36,
135,
148

Stratigraphical System of Organized Fossils, The
(Smith), 250

stratigraphy, 100

strike, in marls, 66

subzones, 168
n

“Sunday man,” 257
n

Swan Inn, 103, 120, 124

“Table of Strata” (Smith), 131–36,
135,
148, 289

Tapster’s Baths, 204

Taylor, A., 126, 128

tectonic plates, 48–49, 68, 116–17,
116,
175

teilzones, 168
n

terebratulids, 33,
33,
40

Tethyan Ocean, 116,
116

textile industry, 17

Theory of the Earth, The
(Hutton), 68–69

Thomas, Dylan, 208 time, Korean myth of, 69
n

Tisbury coral, 110

Titanites,
179,
181

Titfield Thunderbolt, The,
80–81

Toarcian stage, 168
n

Torrens, Hugh, 110
n,
293, 294
n

Townsend, Joseph, 115, 124, 128–36, 144, 146, 147, 148, 215, 300

background of, 129

death of, 289
n

fossil collection of, 114, 129–30

writings of, 130, 214

WS’s “Table of Strata” dictated to, 131–36

Trevithick, Richard, 232
n

Triassic period, 87
n,
174

trilobites, 64

Trim Bridge, WS’s offices in, 204, 205, 211, 242

Trinity College, Dublin, 265, 295

Tucking Mill House, 103–5,
103, 104,
115, 124, 197, 203, 242, 300

WS’s mortgages on, 136, 205, 211–12, 243, 244, 256

Tull, Jethro, 20

United States, WS offered job in, 253–54

University Museum, Oxford, 54, 64, 65

Uranus, 123

Ussher, James, 13, 15
n,
24, 25, 38
n,
41, 69
n,
285

Vale of Wardour, 110

Vansittart, Nicholas, 246

Variscan orogeny, 48–49, 50–51, 68, 71
n

Vernon, William, 278–79, 286

Victoria, Queen of England, 297
n

Villiers, A. J. M. Brochant de, 236

virtue, divine, and placing of fossils, 36

vis plastica,
35

Voelcker, Augustus, 123

Wales, 90, 140, 142, 207, 208, 266

Walks Through Wales
(Warner), 114
n

Wallace, Alfred, 106 Warner, Richard, 115, 253

writings of, 114, 147–48, 214

WS’s work plagiarized by, 148, 214

Watt, James, 17, 24
n,
46

Watts, Billy, 31

Webb, Edward, 54–55, 57, 97, 141

Webster, Thomas, 234, 284

Wedgwood, Josiah, 17, 24
n,
44

Wells Cathedral, 59

Werner, Abraham, 226, 227, 231

Wesley, John, 51

Westminster Abbey, 243 Westminster Palace, 296–99,
296

Whitehurst, John, 94

Wilkes, John, 22

Wilkinson, John, 18

Wilkinson, Robert, 144

William IV, King of England, 294

William Smith Award, 170
n
–71
n

Williamson family, 274

Wollaston, William Hyde, 281–82, 283

Wollaston Medal, 281–83,
283,
286–89, 293–94,
293

Wood, Searles Valentine, the Elder, 111

Woodward, John, 93–94

Woodward, Samuel, 113

Worcester & Birmingham Canal, 97

Wyon, Benjamin, 293

Yeo River, 232
n

York Asylum, 294
n

York Minster, 97–100

Yorkshire, 272, 276

Young, Arthur, 154

Young, George, 111–13