The Parthenon Enigma (122 page)

water,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
1.4
,
1.5
,
2.1

water carriers (
hydriaphoroi
),
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

weaving,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
7.1

weddings, marriage,
5.1
,
5.2
,
8.1

and death rituals

dresses for,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
,
5.5
,
5.6
,
7.1

Lapith,
3.1
,
3.2

and virgin sacrifice

wells, on slopes of Acropolis,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
1.4
,
1.5
,
1.6

Wen Jiabao

West, Martin,
2.1
,
4.1

Westmacott, Richard, Sr.,
8.1
,
8.2

Wickham, Christopher

Wilson, Nigel

Winckelmann, Johann,
prl.1
,
8.1

winding sheets,
see
shrouds

women,
1.1
,
7.1

burial of

citizenship and,
5.1
,
7.1
;
see also
Periklean citizenship law

heroism and

rights of

weaving by,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
7.1

Woolf, Virginia,
epi.1
,
epi.2

The Diary of Virginia Woolf

Wordsworth, William

Working Group for the Preservation of the Acropolis Monuments

World War II

Wyatt, Lord

Xanthippos,
3.1
,
3.2

Xanthos (horse)

Xeniades

Xenokrateia,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3

Xenophon,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
7.1

Xerxes, King of Persia,
2.1
,
4.1
,
5.1
,
6.1

Xouthos

Yeronisos

Zeno of Elea

Zephyr,
6.1
,
6.2

zeugitai
(teamsters),
1.1
,
3.1

Zeus,
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
2.5
,
2.6
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
,
5.5
,
5.6
,
5.7

Altar of, at Pergamon,
see
Pergamon

Sanctuary of, at Athens,
see
Olympieion

Sanctuary of, at Olympia, Statue of Olympian Zeus

Temple of Olympian Zeus,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
,
6.1

cave of (?), north slope, Athenian Acropolis

Zeus-Agamemnon

Zeus Astrapaios

Zeuxippe

Ziusudra

Illustration Credits

ill.1
Leo von Klenze,
Ideal View of the Acropolis and the Areopagus in Athens
, 1846. bpk, Berlin/Neue Pinakothek, Bayerische Staatgemaeldsammlungen, Munich/Art Resource, New York.

ill.2
Walhalla memorial, Regensburg, Bavaria, 1830–1842, Leo von Klenze, architect. Monika Häberlein.

ill.3
Nashville Parthenon, Centennial Park, Nashville, Tenn., 1920–1931. Metropolitan Government of Nashville/Gary Layda.

ill.4
Acropolis at dawn from west. © Robert A. McCabe, 1954–1955.

ill.5
Map of Attica. Matt Kania.

ill.6
Map of Athens. Matt Kania.

ill.7
Marble relief stele dedicated by Kephisodotos. Athens, National Archaeological Museum 1783. DAI Athens (NM 4018).

ill.8
Marble relief stele dedicated by Xenokrateia. Athens, National Archaeological Museum 2756. DAI Athens (NM 4019).

ill.9
View of the Acropolis from southwest. © Robert A. McCabe, 1954–1955.

ill.10
Prehistoric Acropolis. Matt Kania after John Travlos (1967).

ill.11
Parthenon with Mycenaean wall in foreground. Alison Frantz, American School of Classical Studies at Athens.

ill.12
Acropolis, north slope, caves A–D, from northwest. Kevin T. Glowacki, 2005.

ill.13
Cave of Apollo Hypo Makrais, from north. Kevin T. Glowacki, 2005.

ill.14
Reconstruction drawing of façade of Bluebeard Temple (Hekatompedon?). Manolis Korres.

ill.15
Bluebeard pediment (Hekatompedon?). Athens, Acropolis Museum. © Acropolis Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.16
Herakles battling the Lernaean Hydra, small pediment. Athens, Acropolis Museum. © Acropolis Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.17
Erechtheion and foundations of Old Athena Temple. Alison Frantz, American School of Classical Studies at Athens.

ill.18
Athena slaying giant, Gigantomachy pediment, Old Athena Temple. Athens, Acropolis Museum. © Acropolis Museum. Nikos Danilidis.

ill.19
Athena from Gigantomachy pediment, Old Athena Temple. Athens, Acropolis Museum. © Acropolis Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.20
Charioteer from frieze (?), Old Athena Temple. Athens, Acropolis Museum. © Acropolis Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.21
Plan of Athenian Acropolis in 480
B.C.
Angela Schuster after John Travlos (1967).

ill.22
Bronze Gorgon akroterion. Athens, Acropolis Museum NM 13050. © Acropolis Museum. Nikos Danilidis.

ill.23
Hypothetical visualization of Older Parthenon and Old Athena Temple in 480
B.C.
D. Tsalkanis,
www.ancientathens3d.com
.

ill.24
Display of reused column drums, north fortification wall, Athenian Acropolis. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.25
Hypothetical visualization of surviving opisthodomos of Old Athena Temple with Erechtheion. D. Tsalkanis,
www.ancientathens3d.com
.

ill.26
Reconstruction drawing of Athenian Acropolis. Manolis Korres.

ill.27
Parthenon from northwest, 1987. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.28
Plan of Parthenon, showing outline of Older Parthenon beneath. Manolis Korres.

ill.29
Reconstruction drawing of Parthenon’s north peristyle with
naiskos
and altar by Manolis Korres.

ill.30
Curvature of
krepidoma
, north side of Parthenon. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.31
Reconstruction drawing of northeast cornice of Parthenon by Manolis Korres.

ill.32
Battle of Lapiths and Centaurs, south metopes, Parthenon. Nointel Artist and S. Mavrommatis. After C. Hadziaslani and S. Mavrommatis,
Promenades at the Parthenon
(2000), 136–37.

ill.33
East pediment, figures K, L, M. London. British Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.34
Erechtheion, from west, showing olive tree of Athena replanted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens in 1952. © Robert A. McCabe, 1954–1955.

ill.35
Aperture in ceiling of north porch, Erechtheion. J. B. Connelly.

ill.36
Kephisos River, west pediment, Parthenon. London, British Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.37
Kephisos River, west pediment, Parthenon. London, British Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.38
Kekrops and Pandrosos, west pediment, Parthenon. Athens, Acropolis Museum. © Acropolis Museum. Socratis Mavrommatis.

ill.39
Pierre Jouguet.
La Revue du Caire
13, no. 130 (1950).

ill.40
Life
, November 15, 1963, 65. Professor André Bataille and Mlle Nicole Parichon with
Erechtheus
fragments. Copyright 1963. Time Inc. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved. Photo: © Pierre Bouat/Ass. Pierre & Alexandra Boulat.

ill.41
The
Erechtheus
papyrus. Pap. Sorbonne 2328a.

ill.42
The
Erechtheus
papyrus. Pap. Sorbonne 2328b–d.

ill.43
Birth of Erichthonios, kylix by Kodros Painter. Berlin, Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen F2537. bpk, Berlin/Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen, Berlin, Germany/Art Resource, New York.

ill.44
Aglauros and King Erechtheus, kylix by Kodros Painter. Berlin, Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen F2537. bpk, Berlin/ Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen, Berlin, Germany/Art Resource, New York.

ill.45
West portico of Parthenon, William J. Stillman, 1882. Special Collections, Schaffer Library, Union College.

ill.46
Parthenon’s sculptural program: pediments, metopes, and frieze. After L. Schneider and C. Höcker,
Die Akropolis von Athen: Eine Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte
(2001), fig. 150.

ill.47
Cyriacos of Ancona, drawing of Parthenon’s west façade. Staatliche Museen (MS Ham. 254, Blatt 85r.) bpk, Berlin/Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen, Berlin, Germany/Art Resource, New York.

ill.48
Parthenon frieze, sequence and direction of procession. Angela Schuster after Robert M. Cook, 1973.

ill.49
North frieze, Parthenon. Nointel Artist and S. Mavrommatis. After C. Hadziaslani and S. Mavrommatis,
Promenades at the Parthenon
(2000), 140–41.