The Pope's Last Crusade (36 page)

191
The pope wrote in his speech
Fattorini,
Hitler, Mussolini and the Vatican,
190–192, and text of speech, 210–215.

192
The pope had planned
Fattorini,
Hitler, Mussolini and the Vatican,
190.

192
Pius XI was buried
Camille M. Cianfarrra, “Pope Pius Buried in St. Peter's Crypt with Splendid Rite,”
NYT
, February 15, 1939, 1.

193
In Germany, the pope's death was treated
Otto D. Tolischus, “A ‘Political Pope' Is Reich Comment,”
NYT,
February 11, 1939.

193
In Washington, Congress convened an unprecedented
Edward T. Folliard, “Congress to Break Precedent to Honor Memory of Pius XI,
Washington Post
, February 12, 1939, 1.

194
Pius XI was “the first of all Christian voices . . .”
Religious News Service, Rabbi Edward L. Israel, February 17, 1939.

194
Francis Talbot spoke for
America
“Pope's Leadership in Campaign for Peace of the World Is Widely Hailed,”
NYT,
February 11, 1939.

194
Sometimes, “he proclaims to anyone . . .”
Gundlach letter to LaFarge, March 16, 1939, Stanton Papers, BLBC.

196
The French ambassador, François Charles-Roux
Phillips diary, 2990.

197
As the day of the conclave
Chadwick,
Britain and the Vatican,
33.

197
Charles-Roux made an eleventh-hour attempt
Ibid., 43.

198
He concluded that the evidence had been hidden
Peter Nichols, “Support for Theory of 1939 Killing of Pope,”
The (London) Times,
June 23, 1972, 1; Fattorini,
Hitler, Mussolini and the Vatican
, 198 and cf. 34, 247;
Paris Match
, May 13, 1972, 81-82.

198
When Tisserant's suspicions were made known
Paul Hofmann, “Cardinal's Notes Cause a Dispute,”
NYT,
June 12, 1972, 13.

198
There were five doctors on
the Vatican
Annuario Pontificio, Archivio Storico “Innocenzo III,” Segni, Italy, February 5, 2012.

199 “
You have no idea of the bad . . .”
Nick Pisa, “Hitler He's just a big softie: The diaries of Mussolini's lover that show what Italian dictator really thought,”
The Daily Mail
online, November 17, 2009.

199
A relative, perhaps his father
“POPE PIUS IMPROVING; ‘Seems Another Man,' Says Dr. Petacci,”
NYT
August 12, 1911, 1.

199
Various stories said Mussolini
. . . See Jasper Ridley,
Mussolini: A Biography
(New York: St. Martin's, 1998), 289.

200
Decades later . . . Massimo Petacci's son
http://ferdinandopetacci.blogspot.com/2006/02/francesco-saverio-petacci_114065949615039054.html.

201
The Vatican categorically said
Nichols, “Support for Theory.”

201
It did “concede that Cardinal Tisserant . . .”
Hofmann, “Cardinal's Notes.”

201
“Especially because of . . .”
http://www.ilsecoloxix.it/p/genova/
2008/09/21/ALJLtk5Bmussolini_
hitler_scontro.shtml;jsessionid=
686EED918E004BB680AD6E1D1DACA2A8.

202
“He said he would have liked . . .”
Interview with Guido Calabresi, September 29, 2011.

202
“Nothing was inspiring the fear . . .”
Tisserant letter to Mr. Bishop, February 27, 1939, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan, Bimu C410, Michigan University Library Papers, 1837–1957 Box 46, 1936-41, Cardinal Tisserant.

202
Speculation about their disagreement
. . . Paul Hofmann, “Strains Between Pope and Late Cardinal Reported,”
NYT,
July 2, 1972.

203
Pius's death “was a great loss . . .”
Tisserant letter to Mr. Bishop, February 27, 1939, Bentley Historical Library.

205
“You shall know fairly soon . . .”
Gallagher,
Vatican Secret Diplomacy,
83.

205
At around 6:00
P.M.
Camille M. Cianfarra, “Vatican Door Shut on 62 Cardinals as Conclave Opens to Elect Pope,”
NYT,
March 2, 1939, 1.

207
A Pacelli supporter said afterward
Chadwick,
Britain and the Vatican,
op. cit. 46.

207
“I wish to be called Pius XII . . .”
“Pius XII Was Calm During the Voting,”
NYT,
March 4, 1939, 3.

207
“Suddenly he missed his footing”
Ibid.

207
Ambassador William Phillips
Phillips diaries, HLHC, 3018–3020.

209
“It was a delicious morning . . .”
Caroline Drayton Phillips, diary, 47-48. SLRH, 21.5.

210
“After His Holiness had taken his seat,”
Phillips,
Ventures in Diplomacy,
253.

210
An unseen choir
Ibid.

210
“We invite all to the peace . . .”
“Pope's First Message,”
New York Herald Tribune,
March 4, 1939.

211
Ambassador Phillips expressed . . . “the fact that . . .”
Phillips, unpublished diary, HLHC, 3020.

211
his election was “not only in harmony . . .”
Dorothy Thompson, “On the Record: Pius XII—The Former Diplomat,”
Washington Post,
March 6, 1939, 9.

211
“The cardinals have marked . . .”
News roundup in
Journal de Geneve
, March 4, 1939, 10, http://www.letempsarchives.ch/.

211
“Hitler was not a true Nazi . . .”
Gallagher,
Vatican Secret Diplomacy,
88, and cf. 246.

211
“he knows Cardinal Pacelli very well . . .”
Chadwick,
Britain and the Vatican,
57.

212
Pope Pius XII . . . now did nothing to criticize
Ferdinand Kuhn Jr., “Invasion No Shock to British Leaders,”
NYT,
March 15, 1939, 1.

212
“Vatican policy changed overnight . . .”
Chadwick,
Britain and the Vatican,
57.

212
Ciano told the French ambassador
Ibid., 47.

213
“I encouraged him along these lines . . .”
Ciano,
Diary,
204.

213
Everyone expected the pope
“A New Approach,” editorial,
NYT,
May 10, 1939.

214
“the new Pope is ‘political' . . .”
John LaFarge, “Pius XII As Christ's Vicar Is Not a Political Pope,
America,
March 18, 1939, 556–557.

214
The church creates “an unswerving devotion . . .”
Ibid.

215
“If you wish, you may now profit . . .”
Maher letter to LaFarge, Easter Monday 1939, Stanton Papers, BLBC.

215
“Slim chance of that,”
Gundlach letter to LaFarge, Stanton Papers, BLBC.

215
“We are hoping . . .”
Ibid.

216
“I have insistently asked the Holy Father . . .”
Peter Godman,
Hitler and the Vatican
(New York: Free Press, 2004), 163.

217
Hurley took his first open step
Gallagher,
Vatican Secret Diplomacy,
99; and
The
(London)
Times,
July 5, 1939, 3.

217
The
Times
of London reported
The
(London)
Times,
July 5, 1939.

219
He did not criticize
Bishop Hurley address, Columbia Broadcasting System, July 6, 1942, ACDSA.

221
“He had read my book . . .”
LaFarge,
Manner Is Ordinary,
273.

222
“A priest's life,” he wrote
John LaFarge,
An American Amen: A Statement of Hope
(New York, Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1958), ix.

222
Ledóchowski had died at the age
Father Lavalle letter to Father Nota, July 30, 1973; Passelecq Suchecky,
Hidden Encyclical,
15.

223
“I asked him . . .”
Undated note to Stanton, Stanton Papers, BLBC.

223
LaFarge said yes
Ibid.

223
“I made a mistake . . .”
Undated note, Walter Abbott, Stanton Papers, BLBC.

223
“He told us the whole story . . .”
Ibid.

223
President John F. Kennedy invited LaFarge
Western Union telegram, June 12, 1963, Lafarge Papers, GUL, 1-10.

223
He was too frail to walk
Laura Sessions Stepp, “King's Words Still Resound as Thousands March Today,”
Washington Post
, August 27, 1988, 1.

224
Interviewed by a
New York Times
reporter
. . . “March on Washington,”
NYT,
August 25, 1963.

224 “
After all, the mechanism . . .”
Hecht,
Unordinary Man,
the description of LaFarge's death, 251–253.

225
“I can't escape the feeling . . .”
Ibid.

225
“Let us cherish . . .”
Ibid., 254, and cf. 278.

226
“The encyclical, had it been published . . .”
Castelli, “Unpublished Encyclical,” 1.

226
An official, the Reverend Burkhart Schneider
Passelecq and Suchecky,
Hidden Encyclical,
5, and cf. 13, 279.

229
“For a long time I waited . . .”
Thomas Merton and Patrick Hart,
The Literary Essays of Thomas Merton
(New York: New Directions Publishing, 1985), 266.

229
Pius XII once hinted
Tad Szulc,
Pope John Paul II
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995), 109.

230
The archbishop of Krakow
Ibid., 107.

230
Pacelli “was by neutral temperament . . .”
Ibid., 109.

231
After Kristallnacht, Hitler felt “he could go . . .”
Conor Cruise O'Brien, “Could Pius XI Have Averted the Holocaust?”
The
(London)
Times
, February 10, 1989, Custom Newspapers, Web., April 12, 2011.

231
One strong piece of evidence
Frank J. Coppa, “Pope Pius XI's Crusade for Human Rights and His Hidden ‘Encyclical,' Humanis Generis Unitas, Against Racism and anti-Semitism,”
World Religion Watch,
February 19, 2011, http://www.world-religionwatch

.org.

232
“Only a boldly . . .”
Ibid.

323
“Considering that Hitler had only begun . . .”
Castelli, “Unpublished Encyclical.”

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