Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy (38 page)

Americans with Disabilities Act:
US Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, “Information and Technical Assistance on the Americans with Disabilities Act,” Americans with Disabilities Act website,
www.ada.gov/
.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act:
US Department of Labor, “The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act,” November 2015,
www.dol.gov/ebsa/newsroom/fshipaa.html
.

the European model:
L-Soft, “Opt-In Laws in North America and Europe,”
Lsoft.com
,
www.lsoft.com/resources/optinlaws.asp
.

illegal to sell user data:
Elizabeth Dwoskin, “EU Data-Privacy Law Raises Daunting Prospects for U.S. Companies,”
Wall Street Journal
, December 16, 2015,
www.wsj.com/articles/eu-data-privacy-law-raises-daunting-prospects-for-us-companies-1450306033
.

the number of homeless people in the city:
Meghan Henry, Alvaro Cortes, Azim Shivji, and Katherine Buck, “The 2014 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress,” US Department of Housing and Urban Development, October 2014,
www.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/2014-AHAR-Part1.pdf
.

wean families from Section
8
:
Giselle Routhier, “Mayor Bloomberg’s Revolving Door of Homelessness,”
Safety Net
, Spring 2012,
www.coalitionforthehomeless.org/mayor-bloombergs-revolving-door-of-homelessness/
.

Made in a Free World:
Issie Lapowsky, “The Next Big Thing You Missed: Software That Helps Businesses Rid Their Supply Chains of Slave Labor,”
Wired
, February 3, 2015,
www.wired.com/2015/02/frdm/
.

Eckerd, a child and family services nonprofit:
Darian Woods, “Who Will Seize the Child Abuse Prediction Market?,”
Chronicle for Social Change
, May 28, 2015,
https://chronicleofsocialchange.org/featured/who-will-seize-the-child-abuse-prediction-market/10861
.

Boston Globe
:
Michael Levenson, “Can Analytics Help Fix the DCF?,”
Boston Globe
, November 7, 2015,
www.bostonglobe.com/2015/11/07/childwelfare-bostonglobe-com/AZ2kZ7ziiP8cBMOite2KKP/story.html
.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Cathy O’Neil is a data scientist and the author of the blog
mathbabe.org
. She earned a PhD in mathematics from Harvard and taught at Barnard College before moving to the private sector, where she worked for the hedge fund D. E. Shaw. She then worked as a data scientist at various start-ups, building models that predict people’s purchases and clicks. O’Neil started the Lede Program in Data Journalism at Columbia and is the author of
Doing Data Science
. She appears weekly on the Slate Money podcast.

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