A Brief History of the Vikings (37 page)

Guthroth the Radiant
87
,
88
,
92

Guthrum
75–8
,
164
,
192

Gytha (daughter of Forkbeard)
123

Gytha (daughter of Harold Godwinson)
215

Gytha (of Hordaland)
82
,
85

Hadstock
167

Haetheyn
41

Hagia Sophia Cathedral
111
,
191

hairstyles, Viking
50
,
113

Haka Dale
82

Hakon IV, King of Norway
217

Hakon VII, King of Norway
216

Hakon, Earl
131
,
184

Hakon the Good, King of Norway
92–7
,
116
,
133
,
172

Hakon the Great, Earl
117–19
,
120
,
124
,
129

Halfdan (Danish ‘king’)
63

Halfdan the Black
57
,
58–9
,
81

Halfdan the Black (grandson of above)
92

Halfdan Longshanks
87
,
88–90

Halfdan the Stingy
58

Halfdan the Wide-Grasper
74

Hallgerd Long-legs
56

Halli the Sarcastic
56

Halogaland
180

Hamburg
62

hamingjur
36

Hanseatic League
218

Harald II, King of Denmark
174

Harald Bluetooth
xiii
,
64–5
,
91
,
94
,
117
,
118–20
,
122
,
123
,
127

Harald Fairhair
59
,
81–92
,
116
,
117
,
131
,
135
,
141
,
163
,
170
,
178–9

Harald Goldenbeard
59

Harald Grenske
118
,
130
,
131
,
166

Harald Greycloak (Harald II, King of Norway)
116–18
,
123
,
163

Harald Red-Beard
58

Harald the Ruthless (Hardraada)
2
,
186–213
,
214
,
217

Harald Wartooth
29
,
30

Hardanger Fjord
50

Hardegon
64

Harold II, King of England (Godwinson)
177
,
206
,
207
,
209–13
,
215

Harthacanute, King of England
184
,
194
,
205–6

Hastings, battle of
213

Hebrides
49
,
51
,
68
,
86
,
124
,
130
,
139
,
216
,
217

Hedeby
60
,
61
,
62–3
,
64
,
98
,
106
,
119–20
,
201

Hedin the Sorcerer
135

Heimdall
18
,
33
,
45

Heimskringla
xiv
,
8
,
16
,
18
,
57
,
58
,
81
,
82
,
83
,
84
,
87
,
90–1
,
93
,
96
,
118
,
124
,
129
,
131
,
132
,
143
,
160–2
,
170
,
178
,
179
,
187
,
188
,
198
,
201
,
207
,
223

Heithmork
58

Hel
19
,
39

Helgi, King
64

Helsingaland
95
,
181

Henry III of Germany
183

Henry VIII, King of England
221

Heorot
25

Herebald
41

heregeld
122

Heruls
4
,
104

hidden folk
35–6

hides
168

hillingar
effect
138–9
,
145

History of the Danes
24
,
29

History of the English
177

Hoder
42–3

Holand, Hjalmar Rued
223–4

Hollander, Lee
xiv

Holmgard
see
Novgorod

homosexuality
56

Hordaland
25
,
82

Horik the Elder
62
,
63

Horik the Younger
62

horses, sacred
23
,
144

Hrafn the Dueller
146

Hreidmar
40
,
41

Hring
30

Hrodmarrson, Leif
141–2

Hrolf the Walker
86
,
128
,
129
,
213

Hromund the Lame
55

Hrothgar, King
25

Humber, River
74
,
209

Huntingdon, Henry
177

Husavik
139

Hygelac
23

Ibn Battúta
11

Ibn Fadlan
xii
,
107

Ibn Rustah
107

Ice Age
2

Iceland

Christianity in
46–7
,
135–6
,
143–5

climatic change in
217

discovery of
138–40

and English piracy
220

Irish settlers in
138–9
,
142–3

later history of
221

place-names
19
,
46

Scandinavian settlers in
10
,
137
,
141–3
,
145–6
,
200

under Norwegian rule
218

Igor (Ingvar), Prince of Rus
105
,
108–10

Indians, North American
xii
,
153–7
,
224
,
226
,
227

Ingigerd (daughter of Olof Skötkonung)
179–80
,
184
,
189

Ingjaldr
38

Ingstad, Anne Stine
227

Ingstad, Helge
226
,
227

Ingvar the Widefarer
10

intermarriage
70

internecine wars
64
,
90–3
,
160–2
,
171

Inuit
14
,
27
,
214
,
218–19
,
219–20

Iona
51

Iraq
106
,
107

Ireland

Christianity in
68–9

clans
68

colonies
50

monks from
138

place-names
71

Viking raids on
49
,
51
,
68–70
,
124
,
216

Viking settlers in
69–74

Irish Sea
216

Irminsul
20
,
60

Iron Age
23

Irpa
34

Islam
10–11
,
13
,
105

Islandbridge graves
71

Íslendingabók
143–4

Islendingur
(replica ship)
227
,
228

Isles of the West Men
142

Itil
106
,
107–8

Ivar (brother of Olaf the White)
73
,
74–5

Ivar the Boneless
74

Ivar Horse-Cock
56

Ivar the Wide-Grasper
100

Ivarsson, Hakon
203–4

James III, King of Scotland
217

Jamtaland
95
,
181

Járnskeggi
134

Jaropolk, Prince of Rus
114

Jaroslav the Wise, Prince of Rus
180
,
184
,
185
,
189–90
,
195
,
196
,
203

Jarrow
51

Jelling
64

Jerusalem
191–2
,
215

jewellery
56
,
71
,
101

Jolnir
29

Jomsvikings
12
,
127

Jotnar
35
,
38
,
45

Jotunheim
35

Julian, Emperor
7

Jutes
4

Jutland
59
,
64
,
65
,
90

Kainuans
32
,
99
,
100

Kalmar Union
216
,
221

Karelians
32
,
99

Karlsefni, Thorfinn
154–7

Kaupang
84

Keel mountains
31
,
181

kenning
16

Kensington Stone
223–4

Kent
50
,
75
,
163
,
164
,
169
,
170

Khazar people
106
,
108
,
112

Kiev
13
,
102
,
103
,
105
,
108
,
110
,
111
,
112
,
114
,
115
,
215

king, concept of
83
,
84
,
85
,
96

King Harald’s Saga
200
,
207
,
212

Ladoga, Lake
100–2

Laing, Samuel
8
,
223

landvoettir
36

language, archaeology of
32
,
101
,
224

Lapland
22
,
32
,
35
,
37

Latvia
99

Law-Speakers, Icelandic
144
,
145

legions, Roman
1–2
,
4
,
210

Leicester
77

Leif the Lucky
12
,
150–3
,
154–5
,
157
,
158
,
218

Leo IV, Pope
75

Libya
192

Liffey, River
70

Limerick
71

Lincoln
77

Lindisfarne
2
,
48–51

Lindsey
173

Lismore
69

Loki
19
,
38–46

Lolland
24

Lombards
192

London
79
,
170
,
173
,
175
,
177–8
,
211

London Bridge
170–1
,
175

Long Serpent
(warship)
162

Lothar (son of Louis the Pious)
62

Lough Owel
72

Lough Ree
72

Louhi
38

Louis the German
62

Louis the Pious
61
,
62
,
104

Louth
69

Low Countries
5

Macbeth
207

MacLeod, Clan
217

Mael Sechlainn
72

magic
37–8

Magnus II, King of Norway
208
,
214

Magnus III King of Norway (Barelegs)
216

Magnus the Good, King of Norway
185
,
194
,
197–200
,
201
,
202
,
205–6

Magyars
112

Maine
152
,
214
,
223

Mal, Prince of the Drevljane
110–11

Mälar, Lake
98

Malcolm of Scotland
207

Maldon, battle of
125–7

Man, Isle of
68
,
124
,
217

Maniakes, George
191
,
196

manngjöld
40
,
73
,
165

mara
36

Margaret of Denmark
217

Maria (Byzantine noble-woman)
194
,
195
,
196

Markland
151
,
159

masculinity, importance of
56

Médard, Bishop
48

Mediterranean Sea
191

Medway, River
163

Melkorka
142

Mercia/Mercians
6
,
51
,
75
,
76
,
79
,
121
,
168
,
169
,
175

Michael III, Emperor
104

Michael IV, Emperor
191
,
193

Michael V, Emperor (Calaphates)
193–4

Michigan
222

Micmac Indians
154

Middle East, Viking trade with
11
,
106–7

Midgard
20

Miklagard
103
,
104

Minnesota
13
,
222
,
223

missionaries
61–3
,
135
,
136
,
152
,
153
,
179

monasteries
49
,
51
,
68–9
,
105
,
109
,
138
,
216

Mongols
225

Mons Badonicus
6

Moon, the
20
,
33

Møre
96

Morganwg
51

Morkere, Earl
209

Mukhâriq
11