A History of the World (100 page)

Papin, Denis
ref 1

Paris, Matthew
ref 1

Parthians
ref 1
,
ref 2

Pasargadae
ref 1
,
ref 2

pastoralism
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Pataliputra
ref 1
,
ref 2

patents
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Paul, St
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Paul V, Pope
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Pearl Harbor
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Peasant Rebellion (1524–5)
ref 1

Peel, Robert
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Pella
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Pemulwuy
ref 1

perestroika
ref 1

Pericles
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Perpetua
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Perry, Commodore Matthew
ref 1

Persepolis
ref 1

Persia/Persians
ref 1

conquest of by Alexander the Great
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and Sassanids
ref 1

war with Greeks
ref 1
,
ref 2

Peru
ref 1

Peter I, the Great, Czar
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Peter III, Czar
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Peter, St
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Pharisees
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Pheidippides
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Pheidon of Argos
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Philip II, King of Macedon
ref 1
,
ref 2

Philistines
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Phillip, Arthur
ref 1
,
ref 2

Phipps, James
ref 1

Phoenicians
ref 1

Pilsudski, General Jozef
ref 1

Pincus, Gregory
ref 1

Pinker, Steven
ref 1

The Better Angels of Our Nature
ref 1

piracy
ref 1

Pitt the Younger, William
ref 1

Pizarro, Francisco
ref 1

plague
ref 1
,
ref 2
, 301
see also
Black Death

Plato
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Phaedo
ref 1

Pleistocene
ref 1

Pliocene
ref 1

Plutarch
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Poland
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,
ref 2
,
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,
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polis
(city-state)
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,
ref 2
,
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pollution
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,
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Polo, Marco
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,
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,
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,
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,
ref 5

polytheism
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Pompey (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus)
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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Poor Law (1834)
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population growth
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,
ref 2
,
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and agriculture
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,
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,
ref 3
,
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Portugal/Portuguese
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,
ref 2
,
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,
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and colonization
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,
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and imperialism
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,
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,
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rivalry with Spain
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and slave trade
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and trade
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Potemkin, Prince
ref 1

Potosí (Bolivia)
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Prague Spring (1968)
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press-gangs
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Priestley, Joseph
ref 1

Prinsep, James
ref 1

printing press, invention of
ref 1

Protestants
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,
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,
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,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
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Dutch
ref 1
,
ref 2

expulsion from Antwerp (1585)
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in France
ref 1

see also
Reformation

Prussia
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
see also
Frederick the Great

Ptolemy I, King of Egypt
ref 1

Ptolemy II
ref 1

Ptolemy III
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Ptolemy XII
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Ptolemy XIII
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Punic wars
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,
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puritanism
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,
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Pyrrhus, King of Epirus
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Qianlong, Emperor
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Qing dynasty
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3

 

racism
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railways

Britain
ref 1

United States
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Rameses III
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Rape of Nanking (1938)
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Reagan, Ronald
ref 1

Red Brigades
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Rees, Martin
ref 1

Reformation
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Register, Katherine
ref 1

religion
ref 1

Africa
ref 1

ancient China
ref 1
,
ref 2

ancient Greece
ref 1

Byzantium
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hunter-gatherer societies
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Mesopotamia
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Minoan
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Roman
ref 1
,
ref 2

see also
Buddhism; Christianity; Islam; Judaism

Renaissance
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

revolutions (1848)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Ricardo, David
ref 1

Richelieu, Cardinal
ref 1

Rig Vedas
ref 1

Rivera, Primo de
ref 1

Robespierre, Maximilien
ref 1
,
ref 2

Rock, John
ref 1

Rockefeller, John D.
ref 1

Roebuck, John
ref 1

Roger II, King of Sicily
ref 1

Röhm, Ernst
ref 1

Romania
ref 1
,
ref 2

Romanovs
ref 1

Romans/Roman Empire
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

and Augustus
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

and Caesar see Caesar, Julius

and Christianity
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3

collapse
ref 1
,
ref 2

conquest of Judah by Pompey
ref 1

corruption and decadence
ref 1

destruction of Gauls by Caesar
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gladiatorial fights
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grandeur and prosperity
ref 1

Jewish revolt against
ref 1

links with Han China
ref 1

military system and subjugation of foes
ref 1

money and politics
ref 1
,
ref 2

origins
ref 1

and Ptolemaic Egypt
ref 1
,
ref 2

Punic Wars and destruction of Carthage
ref 1
,
ref 2

religion and belief system
ref 1
,
ref 2

rise of
ref 1

rule of by Etruscans
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Senate
ref 1

society
ref 1
,
ref 2

and Spartacus revolt
ref 1
,
ref 2

taxation
ref 1

war against Greeks
ref 1
,
ref 2

Rome
ref 1

sacking of by Arabs (846)
ref 1

Romulus and Remus
ref 1
,
ref 2

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Rosetta stone
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roundhouses
ref 1
,
ref 2

Roxana (wife of Alexander the Great)
ref 1

Royal Navy
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8

Royal Society
ref 1

rubber
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ruling class, and first cities
ref 1
,
ref 2

Run
ref 1

Rurik
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Rus (Vikings)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
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Russell, William Howard
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Russia (pre-Soviet)
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

agriculture
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conflict with Muslim khans
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conversion to Christianity of early
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and Crimean War
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Decembrist revolt
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emancipation of serfs
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

emergence of Moscow as dominant power
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expansion of empire
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February Revolution (1917)
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and First World War
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,
ref 2

fur trade
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industrial development
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instability of autocratic system
ref 1

invasion of Siberia
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and Ivan the Terrible
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Mongol invasions
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,
ref 2
,
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,
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October Revolution (1917)
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peasant rebellions
ref 1
,
ref 2

serfdom
ref 1

and Stroganovs
ref 1

and Vikings
ref 1

Russia (post Soviet)
ref 1

Ryoma, Sakamoto
ref 1

 

Saba/Sabaeans
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Sacks, Jonathan
ref 1

Saddam Hussein
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,
ref 2

Sahara
ref 1

St Peter’s Basilica (Rome)
ref 1
,
ref 2

St Petersburg
ref 1

Saint-Domingue (Haiti)
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sakoku
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Salome, Queen
ref 1

SALT 1
ref 1

salt trade (Africa)
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Samaria
ref 1

Samaritans
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Samarkand
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,
ref 2

samurai
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

San Martín, José de
ref 1

San Salvador
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Sancho, Pedro
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Sand, Shlomo
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Sanger, Margaret
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,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Sanskrit
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,
ref 2

Saracens
ref 1

Sargon of Akkad
ref 1

Sarpi, Friar Paolo
ref 1

Sassanids
ref 1

Saturn
ref 1

satyagraha
ref 1

Saul
see
Paul, St

Savery, Thomas
ref 1

Scandinavia
ref 1

Schacht, Hjalmar
ref 1

Schliemann, Heinrich
ref 1
,
ref 2

Schmalkaldic League
ref 1

Schwartz, Jack
ref 1

science
ref 1

Scipio Africanus
ref 1

Scotland
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

kingship
ref 1

and Presbyterianism
ref 1
,
ref 2

Union with England (1707)
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Scottish Enlightenment
ref 1
,
ref 2

Scotus, Duns
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‘sea peoples’
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Sebastopol, siege of (1854/5)
ref 1

Second World War (1939–45)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Allied invasion of France (1944)
ref 1

battles and leaders
ref 1

death toll
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

defeat of Luftwaffe by Britain
ref 1
,
ref 2

invasion of Soviet Union by Germany
ref 1
,
ref 2

morals drawn from
ref 1

Pearl Harbor attack and US entry into
ref 1

suing for peace by British speculation
ref 1

US destruction of Japanese in Pacific
ref 1

Secret History of the Mongols, The
ref 1
,
ref 2

Seko, Mobuto Sese
ref 1

Seleucids
ref 1
,
ref 2

Seleucus Nicator
ref 1

September 11 (2001)
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serfs/serfdom
ref 1
,
ref 2

emancipation of Russian
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

settlements

emergence of first
ref 1

Neolithic
ref 1

Seven Years War
ref 1
,
ref 2

Sforza, Galeazzo Maria
ref 1

Sforza, Ludovico, Duke of Milan
ref 1
,
ref 2