Before the Storm (115 page)

282 For
Point of Order
distribution, see “Film Is Surprise Hit,” NYT, February 11, 1964.

283
“The New Yorker's movie critic”:
Dwight MacDonald,
Dwight MacDonald on Movies
(Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: De Capo, 1969), 289-92.

283
There usually followed the spectacle:
Kennedy, for example, left his Atomic Energy Commission secret briefing muttering, “And they call us the human race!” See Francis X. Winters,
The Year of the Hare: America in Vietnam, January
25,
1963-February 15, 1964
(Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997), 5. For LBJ's AEC briefing reaction, see Beschloss, ed.,
Taking Charge,
62-63.

283 For McNamara's advice not to follow NATO policy, see interview with him in “The Gift of Time,” special issue of
The Nation,
February 2, 1998. For Oppenheimer quote, see “Scorpions in a Bottle,”
Defense Journal,
July 1998.

284 Appropriation hearings testimony is in Carney and Way, eds.,
Politics 1964,
296-304.

284 Kubrick's nuclear strategy reading is noted in Paul S. Boyer,
Fallout: A Historian Reflects on America's Half-Century Encounter with Nuclear Weapon
(Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1998), 97. For narratives of the genesis of
Dr. Strangelove,
see
http:~/www.krusch.com/kubricklQo5.html
;
and Peter Bogdanovich, “What They Say About Stanley Kubrick,” NYTM, July 4, 1999.

286
By January 20, four out of ten:
Harris poll, LAT, January 20, 1964. Cartoon clip, from
Lisbon Falls
(Maine)
Enterprise
is in MCSL, Press Reports, 3 of 3 folder.

286 For New Hampshire entrance rules, see SEP, March 14, 1964.

287
“So, because of all these impelling reasons”:
WP, January 28, 1964. Smith brought two speeches, for and against, to the meeting; she chose to announce her candidacy, she later said, so as not to spoil such a lovely luncheon. Author interview with Elsie Carper.

287 For D.C. “calling” rituals, see Ellen Proxmire,
One Foot in Washington: The Perilous Life of a Senator's Wife
(Washington, D.C.: R. B. Luce, 1964), 57. “There
are others more deserving”:
author interview with Ryan Hayes.

287 For Women's National Press Club and women, see Branch,
Pillar of Fire,
526. For “Inquiring Camera Girls,” see
Newsweek,
July 9, 1962; and Christopher Matthews,
Kennedy and Nixon: The Rivalry That Shaped Postwar America
(New York: Touchstone, 1996), 93. For sex and Civil Rights Act of 1964, see Branch,
Pillar of Fire,
231-33.

287
Government Girl
is in MCSL. 288 For 45th parallel, see MCSL, picture 1916. For tour see clips and materials in MCSL, “New Hampshire Campaign” and “Presidential Nomination” folders; Smith to Mrs. Gordon A. Abbot, Correspondence A folder; and LAT, February 11, 1964. For typical appearance, see Rotary Club speech, February 10, 1964, MCSL, General Materials, 2 of 4 folder. For annual Maine tours, see MCSL, scrapbook, vol. 221, 141.
“You got a lot of zip”: Newsweek,
February 24, 1964.
Out of earshot other men called her:
David Broder, WS, February 12, 1964.

288 For Louis Harris poll, see LAT, January 20, 1964. For 1956 “Dump Nixon” effort, see Matthews,
Kennedy and Nixon,
104; for “spontaneous” write-in effort, see Novak,
Agony of the GOP,
323. For Godfrey show, see LAT, January 21, 1964.

289 For typical Nixon speech from the time, hear LBJT 6404.09/10.

289 For LBJ summit plans, see Robert Dallek,
Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961-1973
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), 128. For memo: “The Inconsistent Mr. Nixon,” DNC Research Division, March 3, 1964, LBJWH, Box 116.

289 For New York school boycott, see Tamar Jacoby,
Someone Else's House: America's Unfinished Struggle for Integration
(New York: Free Press, 1998), 22-23.
“By running to the suburbs”: Newsweek,
February 10, 1964.

289 For Cincinnati speech, see RAC, Box 11/924. For Beckwith, see Branch,
Pillar of Fire,
213. For Alabama, see LAT, February 15, 1964.

289 Stevenson's speech is in LAT, February 13, 1964. For Minutemen, see LAT, January 21, 1964; and GRR, January 31, 1964. For “Marxmanship in Dallas,” see LAT, February 13, 1964; and GRR, February 15, 1964. For DAR, see LAT, February 18, 1964. For
The Defenders,
see Margolis,
Last Innocent Year,
104.

290 “The Second Sexual Revolution” appeared in
Time,
January 24, 1964.
The Washington Post's entertainment columnist:
WP, January 15, 1964, B13. On Terry Southern, see Margolis,
Last Innocent Year,
146. On the FCC, see Rita Lang Kleinfelder,
When We Were Young: A Baby-Boomer Yearbook
(New York: Prentice-Hall, 1993), 382. The
Eros
case is in John Heidenry,
What Wild Ecstasy: The Rise and Fall of the Sexual Revolution
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997), 79-84.

290 For Lodge's UN rhetoric, and poll, see John Kessel,
The Goldwater Coalition: Republican Strategies in 1964
(Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1968), 51.

291 Unless otherwise specified, my telling of the Lodge story in New Hampshire is collated from Eugene Vasilew, “The New Style in Political Campaigns: Lodge in New Hampshire, 1964,”
Review of Politics
30 (1968), no. 2; Brereton, “A Yankee Surprise”; Faber, ed.,
Road to the White House,
17-28; and William J. Miller,
Henry Cabot Lodge: A Biography
(New York: Heineman, 1967), 355-61.

291 On Lester Wunderman, see Malcolm Gladwell,
The New Yorker,
July 6, 1998; and author interview with Eric Wunderman.

292 For “Henry Sabotage” nickname, see Arthur Schlesinger Jr., ed.,
History of American Presidential Elections, 1798-1968,
vol. 4 (New York: Chelsea House, 1971), 3015.

293 For “conspicuous absentee” quote, see NYHT, January 26, 1964.

293 For Loeb's “holy crusade” editorial, see
Manchester Union Leader,
February 17, 1964, 1. The “appeaser” piece on Lodge was the next day.

294
“I am not one of those baby-kissing”:
White with Gill,
Suite 3505,
292.

294 For “Meet Mr. Lodge” camera technique, see Edwin Diamond and Stephen Bates,
The Spot: The Rise of Political Advertising on Television
(Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1984), 101-2.

295 For Cassius Clay, see LAT, February 26, 1964, A1; and Branch,
Pillar of Fire,
230, 250. For Air Force One, see ibid., 236. For school boycott, see Ronald Formisano,
Boston Against Busing: Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970S
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991), 33. Louis Lomax: LAT, February 29, 1964.

296 For LBJ conversations on Lodge, see Beschloss, ed.,
Taking Charge,
256-62.

296 NAR commercial schedules: “Radio and TV Availabilities” chart, RAC, Box 11/931. For costs, see Box 11/928. For Goldwater New Hampshire spots, see AHFAV, BG-VT/97.

296
“There isn't a person here”:
March 3, 1964, rally at University of New Hampshire, FSA, Box 4.

297
Violent crimes had increased:
President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice,
The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society
(New York: Dutton, 1968), 22. “Career Girl Murders”: Daniel Goleman,
Emotional Intelligence
(New York: Bantam Books, 1995), 13. This crime occurred on the same day as the “I
Have a Dream Speech.” “Boston Strangler”: LAT, January 5, 1964, A17; Rita Lang Kleinfelder,
When We Were Young,
168. Chicago: “‘Mother of Yr' Slain in Home,” CT, January 23, 1964.

297 For Manchester Armory, see Branch,
Pillar of Fire,
241; Margolis,
Last Innocent Year,
155; and, for speech, AHF, Box 1/13.

297
At New Hampshire headquarters on Monday:
Lee Edwards interview.

298 For New Hampshire results, see White with Gill,
Suite
3505, 297.

298
“I do not plan”
: Brereton, “A Yankee Surprise.”

298 For Smith comment, see Smith to Jeane Dixon, March 12, 1964, in MCSL, Dixon, Jeane L., folder. For Nixon: NYT, March 12, 1964.

298
In the New York Times:
Faber, ed.,
Road to the White House,
29.

 

299 For Lodge's preparations for work, see “The Lodge Phenomenon,”
Time,
May 15, 1964. For “at the request of the friend,” see LBJ to AP luncheon, PPP: LBJ, 493-96.

299 Lodge's conversation with Eisenhower is in Francis X. Winters,
The Year of the Hare: America in Vietnam, January
25,
1963-February 15, 1964
(Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997), 116; and Felix Belair, “Eisenhower Urges Lodge to Pursue GOP Nomination,” NYT, December 8, 1964. For Lodge's colonial approach to Vietnam and prima donna behavior, see Winters,
Year of the Hare,
2, 87, 166-73. For “run the country” quote, see Jon Margolis,
The Last Innocent Year: America in 1964: The Beginning of the “Sixties”
(New York: Morrow, 1999), 211. For Harkin, see H. R. McMaster,
Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam
(New York: HarperPerennial, 1997),57.

300 For 42 percent poll figure, see Charles Brereton, “1964: A Yankee Surprise,”
Historical New Hampshire
42, no. 3 (1981).

300 My interpretation of the relationship of escalation in Vietnam to nuclear anxieties is indebted to Winters,
Year of the Hare;
of the failure of “graduated pressure” and Op Plan 34-A, to McMaster,
Dereliction of Duty.
For the 20,000 figure, see Pierre Salinger,
With Kennedy
(Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1966), 348; for 15,000, Michael Beschloss, ed.,
Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963-1964
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997), 74; for 16,000, Christopher Matthews,
Kennedy and Nixon: The Rivalry That Shaped Postwar America
(New York: Touchstone, 1996), 232.
Dodgy accounting methods:
author interview with Hank Geier. For statistic on NLF tax collection and U.S. dead, see Matthews,
Kennedy and Nixon,
232.

300
“We're going to rough them up”:
Beschloss, ed.,
Taking Charge,
300. For next day's press conference, see PPP: LBJ, 254.

301 For softball game explosion, hear LBJT 6402.12/6. Vietcong control of land is in McMaster,
Dereliction of Duty,
61. Joint Chiefs' memo is in McMaster, 109.

301
“If I tried to pull out completely”:
Beschloss, ed.,
Taking Charge,
266. For LBJ's fixation on Korea example, see George C. Herring, “Conspiracy of Silence:
LBJ, the Joint Chiefs, and Escalation of the War in Vietnam,” in Lloyd C. Gardner and Ted Gittinger,
Vietnam: The Early Decisions
(Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997). Ilya V. Gaiduk, “Turnabout?: The Soviet Policy Dilemma in the Vietnamese Conflict,” ibid., 207-18, observes that 1964 was “the lowest point in the history of Soviet-North Vietnamese relations.”

301 For McNamara and Khanh tour, see Robert S. McNamara with Brian VanDeMark,
In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam
(New York: Vintage, 1995), 112; McMaster, Dereliction of Duty, 71; Margolis,
Last Innocent Year,
161; and Winters,
Year of the Hare,
119-20.

302
“The greatest gift for us”:
Winters,
Year of the Hare,
119. The statistics on aid are from Winters, 44.

302
“French generals, however”:
USN, March 23, 1964, 50-52.

302 For State of the Union address, see PPP: LBJ, 112.

302 “Post-Marxian age” quote is in Margolis,
Last Innocent Year,
142, to which I am indebted for my interpretation of LBJ's tax plan.

303 For the history of Keynes's reception in America, see David M. Kennedy,
Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 79-82 and 357-60; and Robert Collins,
The Business Response to Keynes, 1929-1964
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1981). For weather control, see “Giant Research Effort Seeks Weather Control,” LAT, February 16, 1964; Margolis,
Last Innocent Year,
296; and Theodore H. White,
The Making of the President 1964
(New York: Atheneum, 1965), vii.

303 For “reactionary Keynesianism,” see Thomas C.
Reeves, A Question of Character: A Life of John
F.
Kennedy
(New York: Free Press, 1991), 334. For Eisenhower's CEA and $12 billion deficit, see Collins,
Business Response to Keynes,
152-70; and Richard Whalen,
Taking Sides: A Personal View of America from Kennedy to Nixon to Kennedy
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1974), 109.

303 For tax-cut option and JFK reluctance, see Collins,
Business Response to Keynes,
178-79.
“Stretches our education in modern economics”
: Galbraith to JFK, March 23, 1961, in John Kenneth Galbraith,
Letters to Kennedy,
ed. James Goodman (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998), 40.

304 For big business acceptance of Keynesian tax cut and CED, see Collins,
Business Response to Keynes,
180-91.

304 For Kennedy's introduction of bill and indifference to passage, see ibid.; and Reeves,
Question of Character,
334. For Johnson's acceptance and lobbying, see Robert Dallek,
Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times,
1961-1973 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), 70-74.