Born in the USA (54 page)

ACOG policies and

defensive AFE diagnoses

defensive obstetrics

long-term follow-up research needs

low birth weight

low-risk births: banning from hospitals

shifting to midwife care.
See also
home births; out-of-hospital births

Lushbaugh, C. C.

MacCorkle Jill

macrosomia

magazine recommendations

malpractice: grounds for

silence about

state investigations of.
See also
adverse outcomes; litigation; midwife investigations/prosecutions; patients' rights

malpractice crisis

malpractice insurance

midwives

managed care.
See
HMOs

Martin R. W.

Massachusetts maternal death reporting law

maternal-fetal rights conflicts

maternal mortality: ABC births

from AFE

audits/investigation processes

childbed fever

C-section rates and

C-sections and

Cytotec-related

disclosure/reporting

doctors' fear of investigation

epidural block and

home and midwife-attended births

international rates

leading causes

preventability, public education about

state disclosure/reporting laws

U.S. minority populations

U.S. rates

U.S. trends

MCA (Maternity Center Association)

media reporting: C-section/VBAC controversies

Cytotec induction

home births

midwife investigations

public education role

medical abortion, Cytotec for

medical hierarchy

medicalization of birth

global trends

Japan

midwifery repression and

patients' rights law and

shift to hospital births

women's movement views of.
See also
interventions;
specific procedures

medical quality assurance boards.
See
state medical boards

medical records

medical training: apprenticeship model

improving maternity care training

midwives

obstetricians

membrane rupture

men, in birthing process

mental retardation

microcephaly

MIDIRS

midwife-attended births

interventions

lower cost of

prevalence in other countries

safety of

statistics

women's

satisfaction with.
See also
ABCs; home births; out-of-hospital births

midwife certification/licensing

midwife harassment/persecution

support from women.
See also
midwife investigations/prosecutions

midwife investigations/prosecutions

California

Canada

Connecticut

Hanna Porn case

New York State

police actions

practicing without a license

Washington State

midwifery

ACOG policy

Canada

Europe

history of

Japan

New Zealand

philosophy of

scope of practice

successful models

U.S., current state of

U.S., future of

U.S. legal status

Midwifery Education Accreditation Council

midwifery groups

midwifery regulation/oversight

Midwifery Today

midwifery training

midwives

activism, autonomy

client relationships

as competition for obstetricians

direct-entry midwives

doctors' antipathy for

in group practices

lack of unity among

litigation against

myths about

numbers of

nurse-midwives

as obstetrical training providers

as primary care providers

professional commitment

as protectors of women's rights

as public educators

support from women's groups

working relationships with doctors

working relationships with hospitals/staff

Midwives Association of North America

misoprostol.
See
Cytotec

Cytotec induction

monitoring: improving

national health care and.
See also
government regulation; information disclosure

Morgan, M., AFE survey

mortality.
See
maternal mortality; perinatal mortality; infant mortality

Mother Friendly Hospital Initiative

Mothering

Mother Jones

MRSA

NARM examination

National Association of Childbearing Centers

national health care

National Institutes of Health VBAC policy

negligence

neighborhood women's groups/centers

neonatal mortality.
See
perinatal mortality

Netherlands

home births in

Nevada

newborn intensive care costs

New England Journal of Medicine

New Mexico

New York State: disclosure/reporting law

midwife/home birth investigations

patients' rights law

state midwifery board

New Zealand

nipple stimulation

North American Registry of Midwives examination

nurse-midwives.
See also
midwife
entries

nurses

L&D nurses.
See also
labor and delivery nurses; nurse-midwives

Nursing Care Quality Assurance Commission

obstetric establishment

tribal character of.
See also
ACOG

obstetricians

antipathy for home births

antipathy for midwives and doulas

appropriate role of

autocratic qualities

competition fears

labor care

medical view of birth

motives for managing low-risk births

numbers of

patient relationships

tribal loyalties among

typical earnings

views of their professional role

working relationships with midwives

Obstetrics and Gynecology

obstetrics textbooks

A Guide to Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth

obstetric training

federal subsidization

Oden, Maddy

OECD international health care surveys

off-label drug use

Olsen, O., home birth research metaanalysis

Oregon

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development international health care surveys

out-of-hospital births

doctor/hospital antipathy for

history of

hospital transfers

police actions/investigations

reasons to encourage

research on

safety

successful models

VBAC.
See also
ABCs; home births

Oxford University

oxytocin

AFE and.
See also
Pitocin

pain.
See
labor pain

epidural block

painful sexual intercourse

Pang, Jenny home birth study

patient abandonment

patient choice cesarean.
See
elective cesarean section

patient liaison staff hospitals

Patient Self-Determination Act

patients' rights

abandonment/dumping

case law

fundamental rights listed

hospitals' legal duties

how to protect

legal bases of

maternal-fetal conflicts

medical records

protecting litigation rights

right to refuse treatment

state law.
See also
autonomy of birthing women; informed consent; women's rights

Peck Stanley K.

peer review committee investigations

peer-reviewed research

peer standards of practice

perinatal mortality: ABC births

C-section and

Cytotec-related

in flawed home birth study

home and midwife-attended births

induction rates and

midwife investigations

post-term pregnancies

time of birth and

U.S. rates/trends.
See also
infant mortality

Phaenarete

pharmaceutical industry, research influence

Philippines

physicians.
See
doctor
entries

Pitocin

in combination with Cytotec

placental detachment

placental malfunction

police actions against midwives

political action

Porn, Hanna

posterior position

postpartum care

postpartum depression

post-term pregnancies, induction for

post-traumatic stress disorder

practicing medicine without a license, midwives charged with

precautionary principle

preeclampsia

premature births

premature rupture of membranes (PROM)

prenatal care

cost of

self-help groups for

statistics

preventive health care

professional organizations.
See also
ACOG

PROM (premature rupture of membranes)

prostaglandin E

public education

public funding: birth care provider training

hospitals

prenatal care

public health agencies

Connecticut midwifery regulation attempts

Illinois ABC regulations

quality assurance.
See
government regulation; state medical boards

racial inequalities, maternal mortality

Reciprocal Natural Childbirth Index

regulation.
See
government regulation

regulation by litigation

religious issues

research

AFE and uterine stimulants

Brazilian maternity care

consent rights of subjects

Cytotec induction

improving, informal

insufficient sample size

interpretation/use problems,
Listening to Mothers
surveys

on long-term effects

malpractice litigation outcomes

meta-analysis disadvantages

methodological problems

out-of-hospital birth safety

peer review

U.S. National Birth Center Study

urinary incontinence and vaginal birth

vigilante (anti-precautionary) research.
See also
evidence-based practice

right to refuse treatment.
See also
informed consent; patients' rights

Roman, J. R.

Rothman Barbara Katz

RU-486

Russia

Sachs, Ben

Safe Motherhood Coalition

Salon

Sanchos-Ramos Luis

Saunders Peter

Scandinavia.
See also
Denmark

scientific method in research

Scruggs, Mary Ann

Searle Pharmaceutical

Cytotec induction warning letter.
See also
Cytotec

Semmelweiss Ignaz

service role of medical providers

settlement caps

settlements

sex

painful intercourse

Shields, Brooke

shoulder dystocia

single-payer health care.
See
national health care

South Carolina maternal death audit system

South Dakota

standards of practice

Staphylococcus aureus

state law: ABCs

disclosure and reporting

legislative hearings

midwifery

patients' rights

state legislators

state medical boards: filing complaints with

midwifery regulation/investigations

physician malpractice investigations

state midwifery boards

state nursing boards

Steiner, P. E.

stillbirths C-section and

surgeons obstetricians as

surgery.
See also
cesarean section; cesarean section rates; elective cesarean section

Taiwan

Tatia French Foundation

technology: obstetricians' faith in.
See also
interventions; medicalization of birth

teenage pregnancy

thalidomide

time of birth: delays/scheduling for convenience

neonatal mortality rates and

tort reform efforts

transparency.
See
information disclosure

UCLA Hospital

ultrasound scanning

UNICEF Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative

United Kingdom

health care spending

maternal mortality investigation process

midwifery in

U.S. Department of Education midwife training accreditation

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: C-section rate recommendations

VBAC policy

U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
See
FDA

U.S. health care quality

U.S. health care spending

U.S. military

U.S. National Birth Center Study

University of Maryland Hospital

urinary incontinence

urinary retention

uterine hyperstimulation

Cytotec-related

uterine rupture

C-section and

Cytotec-related

support groups

VBAC and

uterine stimulants: AFE and

hyperstimulation and.
See also
Cytotec induction; labor induction/augmentation

uterine tachysystole.
See
uterine hyperstimulation

vacuum extraction

vaginal birth: claimed risks

maternal mortality.
See also
VBAC

van Olphen-Fehr Juliana

VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean section): ACOG policy

Cytotec induction for

federal policy

hospital prohibitions

maternal rights

uterine rupture risk

videotaping of births ACOG opinion

vigilante practice.
See also
anti-precautionary principle

Virginia midwifery licensing

Wal-Mart

Walter Reed Army Hospital

Washington State: flawed home birth study