Can't Stop Won't Stop (74 page)

Barrow, Steve and Peter Dalton.
Reggae: The Rough Guide
. London & New York: Rough Guides/Penguin, 1997. Revised edition, 2001.

Bradley, Lloyd.
This Is Reggae Music: The Story of Jamaica's Music
. New York: Grove Press, 2000.

Chang, Kevin O'Brien and Wayne Chen.
Reggae Routes: The Story of Jamaican Music
. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998.

Chanting Down Babylon
. Nathaniel Samuel Murrell, William David Spencer and Adrian Anthony McFarlane, eds. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998.

Chevannes, Barry.
Rastafari: Roots and Ideology
. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1994.

Gunst, Laurie.
Born Fi Dead
. New York: Henry Holt, 1995.

Hopkinson, Nalo.
Midnight Robber
. New York: Warner Aspect, 2000.

Katz, David.
People Funny Boy: The Genius of Lee “Scratch” Perry
. London: Payback Press, 2000.

Katz, David.
Solid Foundation: An Oral History of Reggae
. New York: Bloomsbury, 2003.

Manley, Michael.
Struggle in the Periphery
. London: Third World Media Limited, 1982.

Nettleford, Rex, ed.
Jamaica in Independence: Essays on the Early Years
. Kingston: Heinemann Caribbean, 1989.

Stephens, Evelyne Huber and John D. Stephens.
Democratic Socialism in Jamaica
. London: Macmillan, 1986:

Stolzoff, Norman.
Wake the Town and Tell the People
. Durham: Duke University Press, 2000.

Image

Classic Albums: Catch a Fire
. Jeremy Marre, director. Rhino Image, 2000.

Enter the Dragon
. Robert Clouse, director. 1973, reissued on DVD, 1998.

The Harder They Come
. Perry Henzell, director. 1973, reissued on Criterion DVD, 2000.

Heartland Reggae
. James P. Lewis, director. 1978, reissued on DVD, 2001.

Life and Debt
. DVD. Stephanie Black, director. Originally released 2001.

Rebel Music: The Bob Marley Story
. Jeremy Marre, director. Island/Tuff Gong, 2001.

Rockers
. Theodorus Bafaloukos, director. 1977, reissued on DVD, 2000.

Sound

The Abyssinians and Friends,
Tree of Satta, Volume 1
. Blood and Fire Records, 2004.

Augustus Pablo.
Classic Rockers
. CD. Island Jamaica, 1995. Includes Jacob Miller's “Baby I Love You So.”

———.
King Tubbys Meets Rockers Uptown Deluxe Edition
. LP. Clocktower, 1976. CD. Shanachie, 2003.

———.
Original Rockers
. CD. Greensleeves, 2001. Originally released 1979.

Bob Marley and The Wailers.
Catch a Fire: Deluxe Edition
. 2-CD. Tuff Gong/Island, 2001. Originally released 1973.

———. “Chances Are.” 45 rpm single. Cotillion, 1981.

———.
Confrontation
. CD. Tuff Gong/Island, 1983.

———.
Exodus: Deluxe Edition
. 2-CD. Tuff Gong/Island, 2001. Originally released 1977.

———.
Rastaman Vibration
. CD. Tuff Gong/Island. Originally released 1976.

———.
Trenchtown Rock Anthology
‘69–'78. 2-CD. Trojan, 2002. Features 1971 Lee “Scratch” Perry productions of “Small Axe” and “Dreamland.”

Bunny Wailer.
Blackheart Man
. LP. Mango, 1976.

The Congos.
The Heart of the Congos
. 2-CD. Blood and Fire, 1996. Originally released 1977.

Count Ossie & The Mystic Revelation of Rastafari.
Grounation
. 3-LP. MRR Records, 1973.

Culture.
Two Sevens Clash
. LP. Shanachie, 1987. Originally released 1976.

Dennis Brown.
Brown Sugar
. LP. Dynamic Sounds, 1986.

Duke Reid.
Duke Reid's Treasure Chest.
2-CD. Heartbeat, 1992.

Harry Mudie.
Meet King Tubby's In Dub Conference, Vol. 1–Vol. 3.
LP. Moodisc, 1975–1977.

The Harder They Come: Deluxe Edition
. 2-CD. Island, 2003. Originally released 1973.

The Heptones.
Party Time
. LP. Mango, 1977.

Jacob Miller.
Songbook: Chapter a Day
. 2-CD. VP, 1999.

Joe Gibbs and The Professionals.
State of Emergency
. LP. Rocky One, 1999. Originally released 1976.

———.
African Dub All-Mighty Chapters 1–3
. LP. Rocky One, 1994–95. Originally released 1975–78.

Keith Hudson.
Brand
. Also known as
The Joint
. LP. Pressure Sounds, 1995. Originally released 1977.

———.
Rasta Communication
. CD. Greensleeves, 2002. Originally released 1978.

Lee Scratch Perry.
Arkology
. 3-CD. Island, 1997.

———.
Super Ape
. LP. Mango, 1976.

Let's Do Rocksteady: The Story of Rocksteady, 1964–1968
. 2-CD. Trojan, 2002.

Little Roy.
Tafari Earth Uprising
. CD. Pressure Sounds, 1996.

Max Romeo.
War In a Babylon
. LP. Mango, 1976.

Mighty Diamonds.
Right Time
. LP. Virgin, 1976. Also available as
I Need A Roof
. Hitbound.

Niney the Observer. Sledgehammer Dub
. CD. Motion, 2002. Originally released 1977.

Peter Tosh.
Equal Rights
. LP. CBS, 1977.

Prince Far I.
Under Heavy Manners
. LP. Joe Gibbs, 1977.

The Reggae Box
. 4-CD. Hip-O, 2001.

Respect to Studio One
. 2-CD. Heartbeat, 1994.

Rockers Soundtrack.
LP Mango, 1979.

Studio One Story
. 2-LP +DVD. Soul Jazz, 2002

Tapper Zukie.
MPLA
. CD. Caroline, 2001. Originally released 1976.

———.
Tappa Zukie in Dub
. CD. Blood and Fire, 1995. Originally released 1976.

This Is Reggae Music: The Golden Age 1960–1975.
4-CD. Trojan, 2004.

Tougher Than Tough: The Story of Reggae Music
. 4-CD. Mango, 1993. Curated by Steve Barrow.

3. Blood and Fire, with Occasional Music: The Gangs of the Bronx

Word

The Black Panthers Speak
. Philip S. Foner, ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott and Company, 1970.

Churchill, Ward, and Jim Vander Wall.
The COINTELPRO Papers: Documents from the FBI's Secret Wars Against Dissent in the United States
. Boston: South End Press, 1990.

Gale, William.
The Compound
. New York: Ballantine, 1977.

Hager, Steven.
Hip Hop: The Illustrated History of Break Dancing, Rap Music and Graffiti
. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984. Reprinted in
Adventures in the Counterculture: From Hip Hop to High Times
. New York: High Times Press, 2002.

Levitt, Leonard. “The Rebirth of the Gangs.” In
New York Sunday News Magazine Daily News
. August 20, 1972.

Roberts, John Storm.
The Latin Tinge: The Impact of Latin American Music on the United States
, second edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Schneider, Eric C.
Vampires, Dragons, and Egyptian Kings: Youth Gangs in Post-War New York
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999.

Tolchin, Martin. “Gangs Spread Terror in the South Bronx.” In the
New York Times
. January 16, 1973.

Weingarten, Gene. “East Bronx Story: Return of the Street Gangs.” In
New York Magazine
. March 27. 1972.

More Word

The history of Bronx gangs is still a story waiting to be told in full. Gang histories—not just in the Bronx—remain largely oral. So I am full of gratitude to the following, all of whom were extraordinarily gracious with their recollections and time:

Afrika Bambaataa

Martine Barrat

BOM 5

Michael “Lucky Strike” Corral

Danny DeJesus

Henry Chalfant

Mike, Savage Skulls

Benjamin and Wanda Melendez

Felipe “Blackie” Mercado

Richie Perez

Carlos Suarez

Gabriel Torres

I am in special debt to the late Rita Fecher, who opened her library and her life to me, and to Richie Perez, the great organizer who has been a profound influence on the hip-hop generation. Both are greatly missed.

Image

Ain't Gonna Eat My Mind
. Tony Batten, director. 1972. Viewable at Museum of Television and Radio.

80 Blocks From Tiffany's
. VHS. Gary Weis, director. 1979.

The 51st State: Bronx Gangs
. Patrick Watson, host. 1972. Viewable at Museum of Television and Radio.

Flyin' Cut Sleeves
. Rita Fecher and Henry Chalfant, co-producers. Henry Chalfant, director. 1993.

New York Illustrated: The Savage Skulls with Piri Thomas
. Abigail Child, producer and writer.

Aired WNBC, November 18, 1973. Viewable at Museum of Television and Radio.
You Do the Crime, You Do the Time
. Martine Barrat, director. 1976.

Sound

Eddie Palmieri.
Justicia
. CD. Sonida. Originally released 1970.

Ghetto Brothers.
Power—Fuerza!
LP. Mary Lou/Salsa International, 1972.

Grand Funk Railroad.
Closer to Home
. LP. Capitol, 1970.

Joe Bataan.
Best of Joe Bataan
. CD. Charly, 1997.

Joe Cuba.
The Best of Joe Cuba/Lo Mejor De Joe Cuba
. LP. Tico, 1972.

Ray Barretto.
Acid/Hard Hands
. CD. Nascente, 2001. Originally released 1968.

The Salsa All-Stars.
The Salsa All-Stars
. CD. Salsa International. Originally released 1968.

Santana.
Abraxas
. LP. CBS, 1970.

Willie Colon.
Asalto Navideño, Volumes 1 & 2
. CD. Fania. Originally released 1972–1973.

———.
El Malo
. LP. Fania, 1968.

4. Making a Name: How DJ Kool Herc Lost His Accent and Started Hip-Hop

Word

Hager, Steven. “The Herculords at the Hevalo.” In
Record Magazine
. February 1985.

Kohl, Herbert.
Golden Boy as Anthony Cool: A Photo Essay on Naming and Graffiti
. New York: The Dial Press, 1972.

Mailer, Norman.
The Faith of Graffiti
. New York: Praeger, 1974.

Powers, Stephen ESPO.
The Art of Getting Over: Graffiti at the Millennium
. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.

Stewart, Jack.
Subway Graffiti: An Aesthetic Study of Graffiti on the Subway System of New York City
. Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy. School of Education, Health, Nursing, and Arts Professions. New York University, 1989.

Style: Writing from the UnderGround, Revolutions of Aerosol Linguistics
. Italy: Stampa Alternativa and IGTimes, 1996.

Sound

Big Youth.
Natty Universal Dread: 1973–1979
. 3-CD. Blood and Fire, 2000.

Dennis Coffey.
Evolution
. LP. Sussex, 1971.

James Brown.
Star Time
. 4-CD. Polygram, 1991.

Mandrill.
Fencewalk: The Anthology
. 2-CD. Polygram, 1997.

Michael Viner's Incredible Bongo Band.
Bongo Rock: The Story of the Incredible Bongo Band
. 2-LP. Strut, 2001.

Rare Earth.
Get Ready
. LP. Motown, 1969.

Shaft in Africa Soundtrack
. LP. ABC, 1973.

LOOP 2. Planet Rock: 1975–1986.

5. Soul Salvation: The Mystery and Faith of Afrika Bambaataa.

Word

Hager, Steven. “Afrika Bambaataa's Hip Hop.” In
The Village Voice
. September 21, 1982. Also available in
And It Don't Stop: The Best American Hip-Hop Journalism of the Last 25 Years,
edited by Raquel Cepeda. New York: Faber & Faber, 2004.

Jardim, Gary. “The Great Facilitator.” In
The Village Voice
. October 2, 1984.

Rivera, Raquel Z.
New York Ricans from the Hip Hop Zone
. New York: Palgrave, 2003.

Toop, David.
The Rap Attack: African Jive to New York Hip-Hop
. New York: South End Press, 1984.

“Two shot dead in Bronx duel.” In
Amsterdam News
. January 11, 1975.

Universal Zulu Nation. “Infinity Lessons.” No date listed.

Universal Zulu Nation website. “Afrika Bambaataa biography.”
http://www.zulunation.com/afrika.html
.

Vincent, Rickey.
Funk: The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One
. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.

Image

Assault on Precinct 13
. DVD. Originally released 1976.

Fort Apache: The Bronx
. DVD. Originally released 1981.

The Warriors
. DVD. Originally released 1979.

Zulu
. DVD. Originally released 1964.

Sound

Afrika Bambaataa and Family. “Bambaataa's Theme.” b/w “Tension.” 12-inch single. Tommy Boy, 1986.

Death Mix: The Best of Paul Winley Records
. 2-LP. Landspeed, 2001. Includes “Zulu Nation Throwdown, Parts 1 and 2” and “Death Mix, Parts 1 and 2.”

P Brothers. “Zulu Beat Mixtape.” CD. 2004.

Parliament.
Mothership Connection
. LP. Casablanca, 1976.

Sly and The Family Stone.
Stand!
LP. CBS, 1969.

———.
There's a Riot Goin' On
. LP. CBS, 1971.

Ultimate Breaks and Beats
, SB-501. LP. Street Beat Records, 1986.

Ultimate Breaks and Beats
, SB-505. LP. Street Beat Records, 1986.

Zulu Nation.
Bronx River Center
. Mixtape. 1980.

6. Furious Styles: The Evolution of Style in the Seven-Mile World.

Word

Brewster, Bill, and Frank Broughton,
Last Night a DJ Saved My Life: The History of the Disc Jockey
. New York: Grove Press, 2000.