Choque: The Untold Story of Jiu-Jitsu in Brazil 1856-1949 (Volume 1) (64 page)

26.
O Paiz
7-8-09.

27.
Gazeta de Noticias
20-9-09.

28.
Gazeta de Noticias
21-9-09.

29.
Gazeta de Noticias
1-10-09 [“
A empreza Paschoal Segreto, além destes interessantes lutas livres, vai organisar varios desafios entre Caseaux, Schackman e Dierry contra um valente lutador japonez prestes a chegar a este capital”
].

30.
O Seculo
6-10-09. The fighters could also use and attack the legs, but that was optional.

31.
Correia da Manhã
8-10-09.

32.
Gazeta de Noticias
9-10-09.

33.
Gazeta de Noticias
9-10-09.

34.
O Paiz
8-10-09 [“O
nosso terrivel creoulo Cyriaco, depois de assistir a uma lucta livre, mostrou desejo de se empenhar em tães difficuldades e começou pelo fim: desafiando todos os luctadores. Mas, o caso é que Dierry acceitou-Ihe o desafio e se encontrarão segunda-feira proxima. Cyriaco porá em jogo todos os seus manejos, inclusivel o terrivel ‘rabo de arraia’, que tombou o japonez….Cyriaco está inscripto no campeonato de ‘jiu-jitsu’ que se desenrolará no Concerto Avenida, após a proxima chegada do campeão Raku!!!
”].

35.
Gazeta de Noticias
9-10-09;
Gazeta de Noticias
11-10-09.

36.
Correia da Manhã
13-10-09.

37.
O Paiz
8-10-09.

38. Examples were: “Iniciar-se ha o campeonato de jiu-jitsu, com o concurso de professor Raku (
O Paiz
6-10-09); “Brevemente Grand Campeonato Internacional de Luta Romana com o concurso de celebre professor Raku” (
Gazeta de Noticias
7-10-09); “Grand Campeonato Internacional de Luta Romana com o concurso de celebre professor Raku” (
Gazeta de Noticias
7-10-09); “Grande campeonato internacional de jiu-jiutsu [sic] com o concurso de celebre professor Raku, unico luctador que nunca for derrotado, denominade o invencivel japonez”(
O Paiz
14-10-09); “Continuação das lutas romanas de Consolação at Concerto Avenida. Brevemente invensivel Raku” (
Correio da Manhã
14-10-09);. “Brevemente Raku” (
O Paiz
14-10-09); “Brevemente Grande Campeonato Internacional de Jiu-Jitsu com o concurso de celebre Raku” (
Jornal do Brasil
15-10-09.
Jornal do Brasil
16-10-09); “Grande campeonato internacional de jiu-jiutsu [sic] com o concurso de celebre professor Raku, unico luctador que nunca for derrotado, denominade o invencivel japonez” (
Correio da Manhã
19-10-09); “Les Leger-Lia duettistas comicos; Evanisto, xilophonista; Gabv Darmivill, cantora Franceza; Mlle. Gina. Brevemente Raku” (
Correio da Manhã
19-10-09); “Mlle. Lotty, A venus Moderno; Les leger-Lia e toda a importante troupe de Concerto…sessões cinematographica, genero alegre. Brevemente Raku” (
Correio da Manhã
21-10-09).

39.
Correio da Manhã
19-10-09.

40
. Revista da Semana
24-10-09, n. 493 [“
Depois da bordoeira grossa a que chamaram luta romana, o Concerto Avenida prepara novo campeonato de luta japoneza, com o invencivel Raku
”].

.

Chapter 4

1910-191
3

1.
Gazeta de Noticias
19-12-09.

2.
A Noite
13-8-12. Translations of Hancock were available in Brazil as early as 1906 (see chapter 2-3).

3.
Fon-Fon
15-10-10, n. 41 [“
Mistress Garrud
conhece a fundo os segretos do jiu-jitsu e propõe-se a ensinar a suas companheiras todos os recursos do jogo japonez.
] [
Mistress Garrud pensa que formará uma solida agremição de athletes do bello sexo, cuja  primeira missão será expulsar aquelles que perturbam, com as suas facecias e impertencias, os ‘meetings’ feministas.
[
Gaba-se, Mistress Garrud de ter atirado ao chão um policeman da altura de seis pés
“].

4.
Gazeta de Noticias
7-1-12. Guilard died October 31, 1916 while serving in France (
A Noite
12-3-16).

5.
Gazeta de Noticias
18-9-10.

6.
Gazeta de Noticias
28-3-12 [“
O celebre ‘boxeurs’
[sic]
Jack Johnson acaba de annunciar que no mez de abril se medirá em luta livre com o campeão de mundo Franck
[sic]
Gotch, a quem deu uma garantia de 150,000 francos
”].

7. Once was in fact the night before February 12 (
A Epoca
13-2-13;
O Imparcial
13-2-13.)

8.
A Epoca
20-1-13.

9.
A Epoca
6-5-13.

10.
O Dia
6-2-12.

11.
O Dia
20-3-17.

12.
O Imparcial
17-2-13; 20-2-13;
A Epoca
21-2-13.

13
O Imparcial
20-2-13 [“
A odysséa de um pobre menino brasileiro deportado para Portugual (Emilio Pinto)) Sendo repatriado agora, pelo consul do brasil em Lisboa, veio a bordo de vapor allemão
”].

14.
A Epoca
28-4-13. Tassei maru was expected to arrive Saturday April 12 (
A Epoca
12-4-13). The Festa took place on the 27
th
. The ship may either have been delayed, or had been in port for two weeks before the event. [“
A limpesa a bordo não deixava nada a desejar
….
estes exercicios foram muito admirados pelos convidados, em vista da ligeiresa com que eram dados os golpes pelos jogadore”
].

15.
O Imparcial
13-2-13.

16.
A Epoca
2-4-13.

17. Segreto was an early proponent of professional
Box Inglez
. When a Jamaican boxer named Bill Jackson was killed in a bout with Jack Murray at Segreto’s Theatro Masion Moderne, Segreto defended the sport in a letter to
A Epoca
(29-10-12), saying that other sports, occupations, and recreational activities, such as acrobatics, football, flying airplanes, horse racing, archery, bicycling, among others, were also dangerous. He added that Jackson died of natural causes (specifically, a respiratory infection), not injuries suffered in the boxing ring [
Bill Jackson falleceu victimado por uma pleuro-pulmonia sem menor vestigo de trauma ou de qualquer causa externa ou extraordinaria que originasse e entermidade que foi causa unica a direita da mortede pranteado boxista
.] He added that the Brazilian public doesn’t understand the sport well, but the customers of Theatro Masion Moderne enjoy watching it. Boxing is presented in the prestigious capitals of Europe and North America (Paris, London, Berlin, New York, Philadelphia), so it can’t be as “
barbaros
” [barbaric] as its critics claim, he said. He ended his letter by saying that he had already contracted boxers from foreign countries and planned to give the public what it wanted.

18. Circo Spinelli also offered boxing, but specialized in lightweight international boxing (
A Epoca
2-4-13). In addition to boxing, Circo Spinelli ocassionally presented jiu-jitsu. Conde Koma and his troupe worked for the circus in 1915 (see chapter 15).

19. Whoever he was, “MacV
ea” was busy. On May 6, 1913, MacVea fought a 6-round boxing match with Louis Condor. The result was a draw. They fought again on May 8. MacVea fought Joseph Beerens on May 3, Charle Jackson on May 15, and on May 25 he fought six rounds with Lecomte, who later lost by disqualification to Conde Koma in Belém in 1915. It was not unusual for the boxers to fight every night.

20.
A Epoca
5-4-13.

21.
A Batalha
27-4-33.

22.
A Epoca
5-4-13.

23.
A Epoca
7-4-13.

24.
O Paiz
9-4-13.

25. Roberts 2003, pp. 11, 16. Dempsey originally fought under the name of Kid Blackie.

26.
O Imparcial
8-5-13.

27.
A Epoca
1-5-13.

28.
A Epoca
3-5-13.

29. Both incidents were reported in
A Epoca
3-5-13.

30.
O Imparcial
1-9-14. Club de Regatas Boqueirão do Passeio was a sports club, originally (like most other sports clubs) focused on rowing and sailing.

31.
A Epoca
14-3-13.

32. “
Elle
[Mario Aleixo]
como todos sabem, é um dos mais profundos conhecedores dos jogos que vae leccionar
”]
O Imparcial
1-9-14.

3
3. Maeda’s name in Japanese i
s
前田光
世
[Maeda Mitsuyo]. In Brazil he was Conde Koma de Maeda, and some other names, but usually simply Conde Koma.

.

Chapter 5

1914

1.
Correio Paulistano
23-9-14 [“
Estréa da afamada troupe de luctadores Japonezes Jiu-Jitsu dirigida por campeão mundial Conde Koma….O jiu-jitsu é uma lucta absolutamente differente e bem distincta de qualquer outra; é a verdadeira arte de DEFESA PESSOAL e da CULTURA PHYSICA no Japão
”].

2. Spelling of the Japanese names was highly variable.

3. Confusingly
Correio Paulistano
23-10-14 announced that the debut would be Thursday (“
5.a-feira, 24 de Setembro de 1914
”). Either that was an error, or the debut was postponed one day. Contrary to what some historians have claimed, Conde Koma did not first enter Brazil at Porto Alegre on November 14, 1914 (Souza 2010, citing Rildo Heros Barbosa de Medeiros). As
Choque
reveals, Koma was already performing in São Paulo on September 25, 1914. If Koma had entered via Porto Alegre it could only mean that he had left after October 20 and then come back on November 14, suggesting a brief stay in Montevideo or Buenas Aires.

4. Mr. Galant (also spelled Mr. Gallant) was the Russian luta romana world champion.

5. Segreto’s theaters included Theatro S. Jose, Theatro S. Pedro, and Cinema-Theatro Carlos Gomes, Moulin Rouge, Theatro Maison Moderne, Pavilhão Internacional in Rio, the Cinema Rio in Nictheroy [Niteroi]), Theatro Apollo in São Paulo, Theatro Fluminense in Petropolis, as well as Theatro Variedades and others.

6.
Corrieo Paulistano
26-9-14.

7.
Corrieo Paulistano
26-9-14.
A Conflagração Europea
was a continuing film news report about the First World War (although no one knew at the time that it was a “world” war or the first of two) that had just commenced the previous month (Howard 2002).

8.
Pacotilha
12-8-15.

9.
O Imparcial
30-3-15;
Gazeta de Noticias
2-4-15.

10. Such offers were already a standard device from the earliest days of professional jiu-jitsu in
Europe, designed to attract press coverage and amateur challengers. See Gutierrez & Esparteo 2003.

11.
Correio Paulistano
3-10-14.

12.
Correio Paulistano
4-9-14.

13.
Correio Paulistano
4-10-14.

14.
Correio Paulistano
7-10-14.

15.
Correio Paulistano
9-10-14.

16.
Correio Paulistano
11-10-14.

17.
Correio Paulistano
12-10-14.

18.
Correio Paulistano
13-10-14.

19.
Correio Paulistano
18-10-14.

20.
Correio Paulistano
14, 19, 21-10-14.

21.
Correio Paulistano
29-12-14.