Daily Life in Elizabethan England (54 page)

church, 25 – 30, 37, 77, 78 – 79, 80,

broadsides, 104, 187, 211

105.
See also
Catholicism;

Brownists, 29.
See also
Separatists

Protestantism; Puritans; religion

brushes, 74, 75, 130, 142

churchwardens, 16, 27

bumroll.
See
roll

citizens, 19

burgage tenure, 132, 133 – 34

cleaning, 82, 114.
See also
laundry;

busk, 132, 133 – 34

washing

butter, 104, 164, 165, 167, 168.

clergy, 14, 20, 27, 36.

See also
dairy produce

See also
archbishops;

buttons, 97, 140, 161

archdeacons; bishops; priests

climate, 6

cakes, 81, 87, 90, 167, 180

cloth.
See
fabric

calendar, 18, 69, 79 – 90

clothing, 104, 116, 125 – 61

Calvin, Jean, 2, 26

coaches, 227 – 28

camp-ball, 194

coats, 117, 137, 160 – 61

candles and candlesticks, 75, 90,

cockfighting, 190

104, 114, 115, 117.
See also
light

codpieces, 135 – 36

canvas, 104, 107, 110, 118, 127,

coifs, 75, 139 – 40, 155 – 56

136, 137.
See also
hemp

collars.
See
neckwear

capes, 139

combs, 74, 97, 132, 141

Index 271

commoners, 9, 14 – 15, 27, 49

dogs, 75,
76
, 190 – 91

Common Law, 15, 33 – 34, 42, 60

doublets, 75, 104, 117, 127, 134,

communion, 28, 63, 78, 80

136 – 37, 153 – 55

composting, 120

dowry, 65

confirmation, 63

Drake, Sir Francis, 4, 231

constables, 16, 19, 33, 34, 35 – 36

draughts, 197

cooking, 61, 168 – 69, 175 – 76

drinking vessels.
See
tableware

copyholders, 14 – 15

drinks, 169 – 70, 171, 173, 180 – 81

Cornwall, 8, 194

dyes, 94, 128, 129

cosmetics, 141

cottagers, 16 – 17, 39

Easter, 58, 80, 83

courts, 15, 30, 32, 33, 35, 42, 60;

education, 52 – 60.
See also

borough, 18, 19; church, 27, 28,

catechism; etiquette; grammar

37, 42, 51, 65; manorial, 13, 92;

schools; petty schools;

national, 34

universities

craftsmen, 39, 53, 96 – 97, 98, 103,

Edward VI, 1, 2, 26

105.
See also
tradesmen

eggs, 81, 83, 104, 167.

Cribbage, 198

See also
poultry

cricket, 194

elements, 237, 238

crime, 17, 22 – 24, 36, 185, 227.

Elizabeth I, 1 – 6, 89; childhood,

See also
law

48, 51; education, 59;

crop rotation, 92

entertainments, 189, 191, 193,

cross and pile, 198, 199

197, 200; religious policies, 26,

cuffs, 126, 127, 129, 131, 132, 138

28, 29

curtains, 75, 114, 118

embroidery, 129, 130 – 31, 135, 137,

customary tenants.

138, 140, 141; as a craft,

See
copyholders

58, 63, 77

enclosures, 15 – 16, 93

daggers, 130, 141, 192.

English language, 48 – 49

See also
knives

esquires, 11, 12, 20, 24, 103.

daily schedules, 57 – 58, 73 – 76

See also
gentlemen

dairy produce, 83, 88, 93, 167,

etiquette, 49 – 51, 74, 173 – 74

168, 170.
See also
cheese; whey

dancing, 58, 183 – 84, 188, 214 – 23.

fabric, 94, 103, 126 – 29.

See also
morris dancing

See also
linen; silk; wool

death.
See
mortality and death

fairs, 18, 80

Dee, John, 121, 232, 237

falling bands.
See
neckwear

dice, 184, 197 – 98, 207

fallow fields, 84, 86, 92

dinner, 57, 74, 77, 164, 165.

families, 39,
40
, 42,
136
.

See also
meals

See also
households

disease, 120 – 21, 229.
See also

famine, 6, 163.
See also
harvesting

mortality and death; plague

and harvests

distaffs, 81, 82

farthingales, 116, 134 – 35

doctors.
See
medicine; physicians;

fasting, 76 – 77, 82, 167

surgeons

fencing, 58, 191 – 92

272 Index

feudalism, 8 – 11, 69

guilds, 19 – 21, 68, 121.

fire, 73, 75, 106 – 7, 109 – 10, 115.

See also
apprentices; citizens;

See also
cooking; heating; light

journeymen

firearms, 51, 190, 193, 198

guns.
See
firearms

fish.
See
seafood, fasting

gypsies, 8, 22

fishing, 190

flax, 84, 86, 94, 110, 126.

hair, 139, 141 – 42

See also
linen

handkerchiefs, 54, 65, 141

floors, 109, 113 – 14

handwear, 141

flowers, 66, 69, 84, 88, 110, 114;

harvesting and harvests, 6, 86,

in food, 168, 177

87, 88

food, 104, 163 – 69.

hats.
See
headgear

See also
meals

hay, 85, 86,
87
, 92

football, 193 – 94

headgear, 117, 127, 139 – 40,

forks, 172

155 – 56, 173.
See also
hoods

Forman, Simon, 62, 121

heating, 114 – 15.
See also
fire

Fox and Geese, 197, 204 – 5

heights, 123

France, 2, 3, 5, 8

hemp, 84, 86, 110, 127.

freeholders, 14, 16, 39

See also
canvas

French language, 34, 57, 58

Henry VIII, 1, 10, 25 – 26, 31

fruit, 65, 110, 164, 167, 168

herbs, 68, 69, 110, 111, 114, 170,

funerals, 41, 70 – 71

177.
See also
seasonings

furnishings, 107, 116 – 18.

Hoby, Lady Margaret, 53, 77,

See also
beds; tables

188, 235

hockey, 194

gambling, 200

Hocktide, 83

games, 51 – 52, 193 – 99, 201 – 10

holidays and holy days, 77, 80 – 90,

gardens, 82 – 83, 110, 111 – 12, 119,

139, 184, 185, 188

167 – 68, 183

honey, 167, 170

garters, 65, 137 – 38, 158 – 59

hoods, 127, 140.
See also
headgear

gentlemen, 11 – 13, 39, 49

Hoodman Blind, 197

gifts, 45, 65, 65, 81, 82, 172

hooks and eyes, 134, 136, 140

girls, 42, 52, 53, 57, 58, 61

horn, 54, 97, 109, 132, 142, 171, 172

glasses.
See
drinking vessels;

hornbook, 53,
55

spectacles

horses, 93, 104, 227.
See also
riding

gloves, 65, 81, 141.

hose and stockings, 104, 117, 132,

See also
handwear

135, 137, 156 – 58

godparents, 44

hospitals, 21, 68 – 69, 120

government, 18 – 19, 30 – 33.

Hot Cockles, 197, 198

See also
courts; law

householders, 19, 39, 63, 75

gowns,
47
, 48, 117, 135, 138 – 39

households, 39 – 40.

grammar school, 57 – 58

See also
families

Greek language, 57, 59

houses, 107 – 15

grooming, 141 – 42.

humors, 122 – 23, 238

See also
hair; teeth; washing

hunting,
126
, 184, 189 – 90, 199

Index 273

hurling, 194

laundry, 41, 74, 75, 77, 129 – 30,
131
.

husbandmen, 16, 20

See also
cleaning; soap; washing

hygiene, 74, 118 – 19, 141 – 42, 174

law, 18 – 19, 28, 33 – 38, 59 – 60.

See also
Civil Law; Common

incomes.
See
wages

Law; courts; crime; government

inflation, 99.
See also
income;

lawyers, 14, 20, 28, 59 – 60

prices

leaseholders, 14, 16

inns, 175, 184, 187, 227, 228

leather, 97, 98, 108, 129, 130, 137,

Inns of Court, 59 – 60

139, 140, 141

Ireland, 5, 8

legumes, 81, 86, 92, 166, 168

iron.
See
metalworking

Lent, 79, 82 – 83, 167.

Italy, 8, 231

See also
fasting

letters, 228 – 29

James VI of Scotland ( James I of

life expectancy, 68.

England), 6

See also
mortality and death

jerkins, 137, 153

light, 75, 114 – 15.
See also
candles

Jesuits, 29

and candlesticks; lanterns

Jews, 30

linen, 94, 98, 103, 115, 119, 126 – 27,

jokes, 199

129.
See also
flax

journeymen, 19, 20, 63, 96

literacy, 53, 235.
See also
reading;

jousting, 191

writing

justice of the peace, 32