Enemy on the Euphrates (72 page)

Shah, Nasr ed-Din
13

Shah, Muhammad Ali
14

Shah, Muzaffar ed-Din
13–14
,
140

al-Shallash, Ramadan
219–20

Shamiyya, River
127
,
150
,
340

Shammar (tribe)
123
,
126

Jarba’
128
,
224

al-Sharaf, Lt. ‘Abd al-Rahman
252

Shatt al-‘Arab
11
,
25–6
,
73
,
202

Shibl (tribe)
244
,
294

Shilash, ‘Abd al-Muhsin
180

al-Shirazi, Mirza Muhammad Taqi
152
,
169
,
180–2
,
187
,
247–8
,
323
,
336
,
338–9
,
342
,
358

Shuqayr, Na’um
77
,
79

Sikar, Sheikh ‘Abd al-Wahid
181
,
375
,
377

Sikhism
267

Slade, Rear Admiral Sir Edmond
20
,
25
,
63–4
,
109
,
115–18

Smith, Sir Hubert Llewellyn
60

Somalia
xxiv

South Africa

Pretoria
196

Soviet Union (USSR)
352

Baku
225–6

Narkomindel (People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs)
177

Petrograd
226

Red Army
178

Spain

Madrid
119

Standard Oil Company
158
,
400

Stanley, Lt. D. H.
320

Stewart, Brigadier General
295
,
368–9
,
371

Storrs, Ronald
36
,
126

Stuart, Captain
230

Sudan
28
,
138

Suez Canal Company
20

al-Sufran (tribe)
245
,
249

Sukhail, Hasan
192–3

Suwaydi, Yusuf
174–5
,
180
,
191
,
326
,
346
,
376
,
399
,
408

Sykes, Sir Mark
5–6
,
8–9
,
30–1
,
36–7
,
56
,
58
,
65
,
67–8
,
72–4
,
76
,
82–6
,
92–3,
99
,
105
,
109
,
113–14
,
121
,
134
,
396–7
,
405

Sykes, Sir Tatton
5

Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916)
86–7
,
102
,
118
,
133–4
,
156
,
177
,
213
,
396–7

Syria
29
,
36
,
66
,
79
,
81
,
85
,
93
,
119
,
121
,
128
,
130
,
142
,
148–9
,
156
,
163
,
166
,
168
,
211
,
216
,
219
,
221
,
256
,
265
,
392
,
396–7

Abu Kamal
218
,
220–2
,
233

Aleppo
41
,
76
,
78–80
,
82
,
92–3
,
217–18
,
222
,
252

Damascus
39
,
57
,
77
,
79–80
,
82–3
,
92
,
99
,
118
,
160
,
166–7
,
179
,
214
,
219
,
221
,
234
,
238
,
287
,
344
,
398

Dayr az-Zawr
82
,
153
,
217–24
,
229
,
232–3
,
265
,
272

French Mandate of (1920–46)
160
,
162
,
344
,
350
,
384
,
393

Hama
79–80
,
92
,
219

Homs
79–80
,
92
,
219

Tabikh, Muhsin Abu
33–4
,
46
,
132–3
,
143
,
145
,
339–41
,
375–7
,
385
,
399
,
407

Talib, ‘Ali ibn Abu
32
,
129

Talib, Sayyid
392

Tamils
267

Texaco
400

Third Reich (1933–45)
406
,
409

Thomas, Captain Bertram
360

Thomas, Lowell
148
,
212

Tigris, River
xxv
,
11
,
27
,
31
,
42
,
44
,
54
,
57
,
61
,
90–1
,
114
,
118–19
,
123
,
126
,
128
,
131
,
137
,
165
,
188
,
202–3
,
224
,
250
,
263–4
,
271
,
317
,
359

Central
358

Lower
358

al-Timman, Haji Daud
34
,
105

al-Timman, Ja‘far Abu
31
,
34–5
,
105
,
172–5
,
180
,
182
,
184
,
240
,
326
,
342–3
,
376–7
,
384
,
408

Tirah Campaign (1897–8)
207

Townshead, General
73
,
90–1
,
94
,
318

Tozer, Lt. P. H. S.
299

Transjordan
168
,
400
,
406

Amman
407

‘Aqaba
407

Trenchard, Air Marshal Hugh
353
,
391
,
393
,
405
,
409

Trotsky, Leon
225–6

Turkey
24
,
60
,
64–5
,
71
,
75
,
118
,
154
,
175–6
,
200
,
217
,
359
,
382
,
403

Alexandretta
62
,
86

Ankara
168

Aqaba
111

Ari Burnu
70

Cape Helles
70

Dardanelles
24
,
58
,
60
,
68–9

Istanbul
163
,
174
,
199
,
217
,
287
,
326

Suvla Bay
76

Urfa
82

Turkish National Bank
21

Turkish Petroleum Company

(TPC)/Iraq Petroleum Company
21–2
,
158–9
,
162
,
347–8
,
400

‘Ubayd (tribe)
126
,
128

al ‘Ubayd, Sheikh Khayyun
137
,
359

al-‘Umari, Amin Effendi
224

United Kingdom (UK)
xxvi–xxvii
,
14
,
22–3
,
27
,
29–30
,
60
,
62
,
65
,
71–2
,
86–7
,
89
,
92
,
94
,
102
,
111
,
113
,
116–18
,
121
,
135
,
151
,
155
,
204
,
208
,
213
,
256
,
262
,
274
,
352
,
393–4
,
397
,
406
,
408

Glasgow
198

London
8
,
25
,
27
,
56
,
74
,
104
,
110
,
135,
153
,
155
,
157
,
159–61
,
163
,
167
,
169
,
201
,
259
,
287
,
408

Manchester
271

United States of America (USA)
xxiii
,
43
,
107–9
,
113
,
115
,
134
,
156
,
199
,
335
,
347
,
396
,
400
,
403–4

Congress
134

Revolution (1776)
400

Washington DC
110

ibn ‘Usman, Agha ‘Abdul Rahman
223
,
229–30
,
232

Uthman, Mulla
183

Vickery, Captain C. E.
99

Vinogradov, Amal
399

Wahhabi (tribe)
384

Wahhabism
103
,
129
,
169

Walker, Brigadier General H. A.
374

al-Watan, Fida’
176

Wauchope, Brigadier General Arthur G.
277
,
295
,
305

Wilson, Lt. Col. Arnold T.
11–15
,
18
,
23
,
26
,
49
,
51
,
53–5
,
73–4
,
104
,
135–7
,
145–7
,
151–2
,
154
,
168
,
170
,
174
,
183
,
188
,
190–3
,
200
,
203–4
,
206–7
,
209
,
211
,
214–15
,
220–1
,
224
,
229
,
233–4
,
237
,
239–43
,
247
,
249
,
255
,
257–60
,
263
,
270
,
294
,
307–10
,
327
,
330–2
,
336
,
351–2
,
354
,
370
,
373
,
378
,
394
,
397
,
401
,
405–6
,
408–9

Wilson, Woodrow
55
,
119
,
134–5
,
148–9
,
156

Winterton, Earl
349

Wrigley, Captain W. T.
327–9

al-Yasari, Sayyid ‘Alwan
33

Yazdi, Muhammad Kadhim
35
,
42
,
145–6
,
151–2
,
169

Yemen
119
,
400

Young, Brigadier General H. G.
323–5
,
328

Young Arab Society, The (Jam‘iyya al-‘Arabiyya al-Fatat)
39
,
76–7
,
85

Young Turks
32
,
37
,
140–1
,
174
,
178
,
407

Zauba‘ (tribe)
244
,
331
,
358
,
389
,
401

Zayd, Emir
97
,
167
,
217–18

Zoroastrianism
16

Zubayd (tribe)
126–7

al-Zwayn, Sayyid Hadi
181