Fields of Blood (102 page)

Authors: Karen Armstrong

BOOK: Fields of Blood

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Egypt,
8.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
12.1
,
13.1
,
aft.1
; ancient,
itr.1
,
itr.2
,
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
nts.1
n32;
Arab-Afghans
from,
13.2
,
13.3
,
13.4
,
13.5
,
13.6
; assassination of Sadat in,
12.2
; in Byzantine Empire,
6.2
; Christianity in,
6.3
,
6.4
,
8.2
; Fatimid dynasty in,
7.1
,
8.3
,
nts.2
n83; Israel and,
11.4
,
11.5
; modernization of,
11.6
,
11.7
; Muslim conquest of,
7.2
,
7.3
; Napoleon’s invasion of,
10.1
,
11.8
; Wahhabism in,
13.7

Einhard

Eliot, John

elites,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
11.1
; in agrarian civilizations,
itr.1
,
1.1
,
1.2
; in Middle East,
7.1
,
11.2
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
; in United States,
9.1
,
10.3
,
10.4
,
11.3
;
see also
aristocracy

Elizabeth I, Queen of England

Emicho, Count of Leningen

empathy,
itr.1
,
2.1
,
3.1
,
10.1
,
13.1
,
aft.1

England,
8.1
,
8.2
,
10.1
; Christianity in,
6.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
; Civil War in,
9.4
,
9.5
; in Hundred Years’ War,
8.3
; Jews in,
8.4
; monarchy in,
9.6
,
9.6
(
see also names of kings and queens
); Muslims in,
10.2
;
see also
Britain

England, Lynndie

English language,
itr.1
,
1.1
,
2.1
,
7.1

Enki (Mesopotamian god),
1.1
,
1.2

Enkidu (
Epic of Gilgamesh
),
1.1
,
1.2

Enlightenment
,
9.1
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
10.4
,
10.5
,
10.6
,
10.7
,
11.1
,
12.1
,
12.2

Enlil (Lord Storm; Mesopotamian god),
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
1.4
,
1.5
,
1.6

Enuma Elish
(Mesopotamian hymn)

Ephesus,
5.1
; Councils of,
6.1
,
6.2

Epic of Gilgamesh,
see
Gilgamesh

epidemics,
2.1
,
8.1

Esagil (Sumerian temple)

Esau

Essence of Christianity, The
(Feuerbach)

Essenes

Estates General, French

Ethiopia

Etzion, Yehuda

Eucharist
,
6.1
,
9.1
,
aft.1

Euphrates River,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
4.1
,
6.1
, 174

European Union

Eusebius, bishop of Caesarea

Eutyches, monk of Constantinople,
6.1
,
6.2

Evagrius, monk of Pontus,
6.1
,
6.2

evangelicals,
see
Christianity, evangelical

Eve,
4.1
,
4.2

evolution,
itr.1
,
1.1
,
10.1
,
11.1
; political and social,
3.1
,
5.1
,
10.2
,
11.2
,
13.1

exceptionalism, American

excommunication,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5
,
10.1

Fadl Allah, Ayatollah Muhammad

Fajia (
Chinese:
School of the Law)

Fall (Christian doctrine)

Fallujah (Iraq)

Falsafah (“Philosophy”),
9.1
,
10.1
,
13.1

Falwell, Jerry

famines,
itr.1
,
1.1
,
5.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
; in China,
3.1
; colonialism and,
10.1
,
10.2
; in Egypt,
6.1
; Israelites plagued by,
4.1
,
4.2

Faraj, Abd al-Salam,
12.1
,
13.1

Faris, Iyman

Fatah,
12.1
,
13.1

Fatima
, n83

Fatimids,
7.1
,
8.1
,
nts.1
n83

fatwas,
8.1
,
9.1
,
10.1
,
12.1
,
13.1

Fayziyah Madrassa (Iran),
11.1
,
11.2

Federalist Revolt

Feisal, King of Saudi Arabia

Felix of Apthungi
, n16

Ferdinand, Holy Roman Emperor,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3

Ferdinand, King of Aragon,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
9.4
,
9.5

Ferguson, Niall

Fertile Crescent
,
see also
Mesopotamia

feudalism,
9.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
; Chinese,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
; in medieval Europe,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4

Feuerbach, Ludwig

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb

Fiery Emperor (China)

Fingarette, Herbert

Finney, Charles

Firestone, Reuven

First Schmalkaldic War

First World War,
10.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
,
11.5
,
12.1
,
aft.1

Flacilla, Aelia, Byzantine empress

Flanders,
8.1
,
9.1
,
10.1

Flavian, bishop of Constantinople,
6.1
,
6.2

France,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
9.1
,
11.1
;
absolute monarchy
in,
9.2
,
9.3
; Algeria and,
13.1
; anti-Semitism in,
10.1
; British wars against,
10.2
; cave paintings in,
itr.1
; division of Ottoman territories by Britain and,
11.2
; in Hundred Years’ War,
8.4
; imperialism of,
10.3
; industrialization of,
10.4
; Jews in,
10.5
; Lebanon and,
12.1
; papacy in,
8.5
,
9.4
; Protestants in,
9.5
,
9.6
,
9.7
,
9.8
; rivalry of Spain and,
9.9
; revolutionary,
see
French Revolution
; secularization in,
9.10

Francis I, King of France

Francis of Assisi, Saint

Franciscans (Order of Friars Minor)

Franco-Prussian War

Franklin, Benjamin

Franks,
6.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
; jihad against,
8.5
; kingdom of,
8.6
,
8.7

Frederick I (Barbarossa), Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor,
8.1
,
8.2

Frederick V, Elector Palatine

French Revolution
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
12.1
,
aft.1
,
aft.2

Freud, Sigmund,
12.1
,
12.2

Friedman, Thomas

Fulcher of Chartres

Fulda (monastery)

fundamentalism
,
10.1
,
11.1
; Christian,
11.2
,
11.3
,
aft.1
; Jewish,
11.4
,
12.1
; Islamic,
11.5
,
11.6
,
12.2
,
13.1
,
aft.2
; Sikh,
10.2

Fustat (Egypt)

Galahad

Galerius, Roman emperor

Galienus, Roman emperor

Galilee,
4.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
9.1

Gandhi, Mohandas,
11.1
,
11.2

Gandhi, Rajiv

Ganges River,
2.1
; basin of,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
2.5
; plain of,
11.1

Garatman (Aryan sun god)

Garden of Eden,
4.1
,
6.1
,
10.1

Gaul,
6.1
,
8.1

Gaza,
12.1
,
12.2
,
13.1

Geneva (Switzerland),
9.1
,
9.2

Geneva Conventions

Genghis Khan,
8.1
,
8.2

genocide
,
4.1
,
10.1
; Armenian,
11.1
,
13.1
,
aft.1
; of Muslims in Bosnia,
13.2
; Nazi,
see
Holocaust
;
Vendée
,
10.2

Gentili, Alberico

George, Saint

George III, King of England

Gerald of Aurillac, St.

Gerard, bishop of Cambria
, n27

German East Africa Company

Germanic tribes,
1.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
8.1
,
8.2

Germany,
9.1
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
12.1
; in First World War,
10.3
,
11.1
,
11.2
; Jews slaughtered in,
8.1
(
see also
Holocaust
); Holy Roman Empire in,
8.2
; industrialization of,
10.4
; Peasants’ War in,
9.2
; Protestants in,
9.3
,
9.4
,
9.5
,
9.6
; in Second World War,
12.2
,
13.1
; unification of,
10.5
,
10.6