Frenemies: The Epic Disruption of the Ad Business (and Everything Else) (37 page)

BOOK: Frenemies: The Epic Disruption of the Ad Business (and Everything Else)
11.46Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

Some did. “Michael Kassan embodies the contradictions of advertising,” one senior marketing executive who knows him well confides after being promised anonymity. “Those in the business have no definable expertise. We're an insecure profession. Unlike lawyers or those in finance or journalism, we don't have advertising degrees. You make commercials and you're a star. Here we are in the middle of a kickback controversy, with complaints about a lack of transparency, with the ANA hiring a detective agency to investigate, yet the industry is advised by a man who was once drummed out of business, disbarred, for similar crimes.” This executive did not know the specifics of Kassan's past, and much of what he thought he knew was dead wrong, but the whispers were exactly what aroused Michael Kassan's paranoia.

Weeks after the February sale of MediaLink, Kassan sat at a corner table at Scalinatella and opened up about why he now felt relief: “Two weeks ago I skied down the mountain in Deer Valley and it's the first time I didn't have a rearview mirror in a long time. Ascential looked at the record and said, ‘OK.'”

Kassan felt comfortable. He believed that Ascential did their due diligence and concluded that MediaLink was not a one-man operation, that he had built a sturdy company. Humbly he said, “It's easier to have this conversation today because of the sale. I needed the validation. It's emotional. OK, take a breath.”

He took a sip from his dry martini and said he was fortified by the four thousand supportive e-mails he received after the sale announcement. Before, whenever he thought of writing a book the title he had in mind was “
Confessions of a Jewish Prince
. Now it's
No Rearview Mirror
.” He smiled broadly.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Given that I've written about the media and communications for
The New Yorker
since 1992 and before that as an author, some friends wondered why I was drawn to write a book about advertising and marketing. The idea,
pace
Watergate, was to “follow the money.” Without ad dollars, most old or new media would starve.

When I began reporting the book in the late spring of 2015, I had no fixed ideas or sweeping conclusions. And three years later, while I offer no sweeping bromides I do offer a picture of an industry convulsed by profound change. The reporting encompassed approximately 450 interviews, all recorded. These interviews are woven throughout this book, though readers will find few Trumpian personal pronouns, à la
Reacting to my brilliant question, he/she said
 . . .

The introduction to this book is, however, written in the first person. I blame my editor, Scott Moyers, for this. Scott said it was important for me to draw a link between my subject and the larger context, offering a sense of the reporting I have pursued for the past three decades. Scott is special. One hears constant complaints about editors at publishing houses who don't do more than a cursory edit, overwhelmed as they often are by a steady rush of new titles. I don't know where Scott finds the time to so fully engage, but he does. I signed on with him when my longtime editor at Random House, Jason Epstein, retired. And I left with Scott and Ann Godoff when they departed for Penguin. I am happy to say we are all back together after Penguin merged with Random House.

While I'm at it, I'd also like to thank, in addition to conductor Ann Godoff, the other members of her orchestra who helped harmonize this
effort, including Ann's immediate boss, Madeline McIntosh, president of Penguin Publishing Group; fastidious copy editor Jane Cavolina and her supervisor, Victoria Klose. In the preproduction phase, Christopher Richards and Beena Kamlani, assisted by Mia Council, are the capable editors who were entrusted to help make the publication trains run on time. Their allies in the marketing department were Matt Boyd and Caitlin O'Shaughnessy. As we neared the June 2018 publication date, publicity director Sarah Hutson sprang into action. I had worked with Sarah starting several books ago when she joined Penguin. Her rise to the top of her department is no surprise. She is ably fortified by Colleen Boyle.

My agent and friend, Sloan Harris of ICM, weighed in with invaluable editorial advice. A salute to my friend Terry McDonell, a member of the American Magazine Hall of Fame, who volunteered his deft editing eye to an early draft of this book. All the people who had a hand in making this book better, I thank. Any mistakes are, of course, mine.

A word about the people in the industry: I would have written a very different book without the array of individuals who generously made themselves available for multiple interviews and allowed me to view some of their sausage making. A special hat tip to Michael Kassan, who dared open his life and also kept me both informed and laughing. His team at MediaLink, especially Wenda Millard, were always helpful, including Martin Rothman and Vilna Joven. I am grateful for the time and brainpower offered by four of the smartest people in the advertising/marketing business: Martin Sorrell and Irwin Gotlieb at WPP, Rishad Tobaccowala at Publicis, and Randall Rothenberg of the Interactive Advertising Bureau. Carolyn Everson and members of her Facebook team like Adam Isserlis defied the emerging, and often accurate, Facebook stereotype: they were not opaque. Les Moonves was generous with his time, as were his colleagues at CBS. So, too, were Beth Comstock and Linda Boff and their GE colleagues, and Anne Finucane and her compatriots at Bank of America. Ditto Bob Greenberg of R/GA, Keith Weed of Univision, and Gary
Vaynerchuk of VaynerMedia, among others whose many names would swell this brief acknowledgment into a tome. The stream of news from a couple of dozen daily posts from
MediaPost
and its indefatigable editor in chief, Joe Mandese, and from industry bibles such as the online
Ad Age
and its print parent,
Advertising Age
, offered valuable daily updates on the industry they cover.

Several reader alerts: Although this book most often uses the shorthand “advertising” rather than joining together advertising and marketing, I do so because advertising is a more familiar term and uttering both terms together is a mouthful. Advertising and marketing, in fact, are two sides of the same coin. They take different forms—an IM alert or a supermarket product coupon versus a TV ad—but each vies to sell something to the consumer.

Unless a publication, study, or book is cited in the text and footnoted, the quotes were given to the author. Thus, I saw no need to include page-by-page author's notes, since it would have repetitiously reported,
This was told to the author on such and such a date
. And with Google search at our fingertips, if a report or news story is not footnoted I saw no need to add thick pages of notes when the study or news source is cited in the text.

A reader might also ask: Why does this book spend so much more time on digital giant Facebook rather than that even larger giant, Google? Blame me. Because I extensively reported on Google for a 2009 book,
Googled: The End of the World as We Know It
. I wanted to mix it up.

Unless otherwise explained, the ages of those described in these pages match the year when they first appear in this book.

Finally, the idea for this book was sparked by my wife, Amanda “Binky” Urban. If she needed another career after literary agent, she would be a brilliant editor.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Barnouw, Erik.
The Sponsor
. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.

Barnouw, Erik.
A Tower of Babel: A History of Broadcasting in the United States to 1933,
vol. 1. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966.

Barnouw, Erik.
Tube of Plenty: The Evolution of American Television
. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Beers, Charlotte.
I'd Rather Be in Charge: A Legendary Business Leader's Roadmap for Achieving Pride, Power, and Joy at Work
. New York: Vanguard Press, 2012.

Bell, Daniel.
The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism
. New York: Basic Books, 1976.

Berger, Jonah.
Contagious: Why Things Catch On
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2013.

Bernays, Edward.
Biography of an Idea: Memoirs of Public Relations Counsel Edward L. Bernays
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1965.

Bernays, Edward.
Propaganda
. New York: Routledge, 1928.

Bogart, Leo.
Strategy in Advertising: Matching Media and Messages to Markets and Motivations
. Lincolnwood, IL: NTC Business Books, 1990.

Boorstin, Daniel.
The Americans: The Democratic Experience.
New York: Random House, 1973.

Brinkley, Alan.
The Publisher.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010.

Carr, Nicholas.
The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains
. New York: W. W. Norton, 2010.

Chandler, Alfred D.
The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business
. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1977.

Cracknell, Andrew.
The Real Mad Men: The Renegades of Madison Avenue and the Golden Age of Advertising
. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2011.

Della Femina, Jerry
. From Those Wonderful Folks Who Gave You Pearl Harbor
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1970.

Dreiser, Theodore.
Sister Carrie
. New York: Doubleday, 1900.

Dwyer, Jim.
More Awesome Than Money: Four Boys and Their Heroic Quest to Save Your Privacy from Facebook
. New York: Viking, 2014.

Einstein, Mara.
Black Ops Advertising: Native Ads, Content Marketing, and the Covert World of the Digital Sell
. New York: OR Books, 2016.

Essex, Andrew.
The End of Advertising: Why It Had to Die, and the Creative Resurrection to Come
. New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2017.

Farmer, Michael
. Madison Avenue Manslaughter: An Inside View of Fee-Cutting Clients, Profit-Hungry Owners and Declining Ad Agencies.
London: LID Publishing, 2015.

Fox, Stephen.
Mirror Makers: A History of American Advertising and Its Creators
. William Morrow, 1984.

Galbraith, John Kenneth.
The Affluent Society
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1958.

Galloway, Scott.
The Four: The Hidden DNA of Amazon, Apple, Facebook, and Google
. New York: Portfolio|Penguin, 2017.

Gates, Bill.
Business @ the Speed of Thought: Using a Digital Nervous System
. New York: Warner Books, 1999.

Gates, Bill.
The Road Ahead
. New York: Viking, 1995.

Gleick, James.
Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman
. New York: Vintage Books, 1993.

Goodrum, Charles, and Helen Dalrymple.
Advertising in America: The First 200 Years
. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1990.

Goodson, Scott.
Uprising: How to Build a Brand—and Change the World—by Sparking Cultural Movements
. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011.

Greenberg, David.
Republic of Spin: An Inside History of the American Presidency
. W. W. Norton, 2016.

Halberstam, David.
The Powers That Be
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979.

Higgins, Denis.
The Art of Writing Advertising: Conversations with Masters of the Craft
. Lincolnwood, IL: NTC Business Books, 1986.

Hower, Ralph.
The History of an Advertising Agency: N. W. Ayer & Son at Work, 1869–1949
. Revised edition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1949.

Hurman, James.
The Case for Creativity: The Link Between Imaginative Marketing & Commercial Success
. London: AUT Media, 2011.

Isaacson, Walter.
The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2014.

Isaacson, Walter.
Steve Jobs
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011.

Kirkpatrick, David.
The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2010.

Klein, Naomi.
NO LOGO
. New York: Picador, 2000.

Kluger, Richard.
Ashes to Ashes: America's Hundred-Year Cigarette War, the Public Health, and the Unabashed Triumph of Philip Morris
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996.

Kluger, Richard.
The Paper: The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1986.

Lasch, Christopher.
The Culture of Narcissism
. New York: W. W. Norton, 1978.

Lawrence, Mary Wells.
A Big Life (in advertising)
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002.

Levenson, Bob.
Bill Bernbach's Book: A History of the Advertising That Changed the History of Advertising
. New York: Villard Books, 1987.

Lessig, Lawrence.
Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace
. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

Lessig, Lawrence.
The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World
. New York: Random House, 2001.

Lippman, Walter.
Public Opinion
. New York: Macmillan, 1922.

Lois, George.
What's the Big Idea?: How to Win with Outrageous Ideas (That Sell)
. New York: Doubleday Currency, 1991.

Maas, Jane.
Mad Women: The Other Side of Life on Madison Avenue in the '60s and Beyond
. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2012.

Mayer, Martin.
Madison Avenue U.S.A.:
The Extraordinary Business of Advertising and the People Who Run It
. Lincolnwood, IL: NTC Business Books, 1992.

Mayer, Martin.
Whatever Happened to Madison Avenue? Advertising in the '90s
. Boston: Little, Brown, 1991.

McLuhan, Marshall.
Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.

Ogilvy, David.
Blood, Brains & Beer: The Autobiography of David Ogilvy.
New York: Atheneum, 1978.

Ogilvy, David.
Confessions of an Advertising Man
. New York: Atheneum, 1986.

Ogilvy, David.
Ogilvy on Advertising.
New York: Vintage, 1985.

O'Neil, Cathy.
Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy
. New York: Crown, 2016.

Packard, Vance.
The Hidden Persuaders
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1957.

Pertschuk, Michael.
Revolt Against Regulation: The Rise and Pause of the Consumer Movement
. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.

Pope, Daniel.
The Making of Modern Advertising
. New York: Basic Books, 1983.

Postman, Neil.
Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.

Presbrey, Frank.
The History and Development of Advertising
. New York: Doubleday, 1929.

Reeves, Rosser.
Reality in Advertising
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961.

Riesman, David, with Nathan Glazer and Reuel Denney.
The Lonely Crowd
. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1950.

Roman, Kenneth.
The King of Madison Avenue: David Ogilvy and the Making of Modern Advertising
. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2009.

Rothenberg, Randall.
Where the Suckers Moon: An Advertising Story
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994.

Schmidt, Eric, and Jared Cohen.
The New Digital Age: Reshaping the Future of People, Nations and Business
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2013.

Schudson, Michael.
Advertising,
The Uneasy Persuasion: Its Dubious Impact on American Society
. New York: Basic Books, 1986.

Smith, Sally Bedell.
In All His Glory: The Life of William S. Paley
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990.

Starr, Paul.
The Creation of the Media: The Political Origins of Modern Communications
. New York: Basic Books, 2004.

Stengel, Jim
. Grow: How Ideals Power Growth and Profit at the World's Greatest Companies
. New York: Crown, 2011.

Steyer, James P.
Talking Back to Facebook: The Common Sense Guide to Raising Kids in the Digital Age
. New York: Scribner, 2012.

Taplin, Jonathan.
Move Fast and Break Things: How Facebook, Google, and Amazon Cornered Culture and Undermined Democracy
. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

Tungate, Mark.
Adland: A Global History of Advertising
. London: Kogan Page Limited, 2007.

Wakeman, Frederic.
The Hucksters
. New York: Rinehart & Company, 1946.

Wind, Yoram (Jerry), and Catharine Findiesen Hays.
Beyond Advertising: Creating Value Through All Customer Touchpoints
. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2016.

Wu, Tim.
The Attention Merchants: The Epic Scramble to Get Inside Our Heads
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016.

Wu, Tim.
The Master Switch: The Rise and Fall of Information Empires
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010.

Wunderman, Lester.
Being Direct: Making Advertising Pay
. New York: Random House, 1996.

Vaynerchuk, Gary.
#AskGaryVee: One Entrepreneur's Take on Leadership, Social Media & Self-Awareness
. New York: HarperCollins, 2016.

Veblen, Thorstein.
The Theory of the Leisure Class.
New York: Macmillan, 1899.

Other books

Girls Love Travis Walker by Pfeffer, Anne
Blood Deep by Sharon Page
Fever by Amy Meredith
Ginny Aiken by Light of My Heart
Love Is the Law by Nick Mamatas
Saucer: Savage Planet by Stephen Coonts
An Officer and a Spy by Robert Harris