Gold! (33 page)

The powers of Europe, far removed from the West Coast of America by the Atlantic Ocean, which intervenes, and by a tedious and dangerous navigation around the southern cape of the continent of America, can never successfully compete with the United States in the rich and extensive commerce which is opened to us at so much less cost by the acquisition of California.

The vast importance and commercial advantages of California have heretofore remained undeveloped by the Government of the country of which it constituted a part. Now that this fine province is a part of our country, all the States of the Union, some more immediately and directly than others, are deeply interested in the speedy development of its wealth and resources. No section of our country is more interested or will be more benefited than the commercial, navigating, and manufacturing interests of the Eastern States. Our planting and farming interests in every part of the Union will Be greatly benefited by it. As our commerce and navigation are enlarged and extended, our exports of agricultural products and of manufactures will be increased, and in
the new markets thus opened they can not fail to command remunerating and profitable prices.

Invoking the blessings of the Almighty upon your deliberations at your present important session, my ardent hope is that in a spirit of harmony and concord you may be guided to wise results, and such as may redound to the happiness, the honor, and the glory of our beloved country.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bell, Horace.
Reminiscences of a ranger; or, Early times in Southern California
. California: Yarnell, Caystile, & Mathes, 1881.

Connell, S. Evan.
Son of the Morning Star
. San Francisco: North Point Press, 1984.

Delano, Alonzo.
Life on the Plains and among the diggings; being scenes and adventures of an overland journey to California: with particular incidents of the route, mistakes and sufferings of the emigrants, the Indian tribes, the present and future of the great West
. New York: Miller, Orton, 1857.

Hansen, Ron.
The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford
. New York: Ballantine Books, 1983.

Hobson, Jay.
The Hobson Family Lineage
. North Carolina: Ohio: Lofthouse, 1994.

Koeppel, Elliot H.
The California Gold Country: Highway
49
Revisited
. California: Malakoff, 1999.

Lake, Stuart.
Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1931.

McNeil, Samuel.
McNeil's travels in 1849, to
,
through and from the gold regions, in California
. Columbus, Ohio: Scott & Bascom, 1850.

Simpson, Henry.
The Emigrant's Guide to the Gold Mines
. United Kingdom: Headframe, 1848.

Stiles, T.J.
Jesse James: Last Rebel of the Civil War
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002.

INDEX

Acapulco route to California,
97
,
99

Act for the Government and Protection of the Indians (1850),
204
,
205

agriculture in Southern California,
29
–
30

Alaska,
9
,
247
–
48

Alcaldes,
85

“All the Gold in California” (Gatlin),
257

Alta California
(newspaper),
178
–
79

Alvarado, Juan,
9

American Dream,
249

American Fur Co.,
5

American History
(Muzzey),
17

American Indians.
See
Native Americans

American River (California)

Larkin's description of,
79
–
83

mining camps on,
150
–
51

panning for gold,
74
–
77

state park at sawmill site,
257
–
59

Sutter's sawmill,
31
–
37
,
38
,
65
,
68
–
69
,
257
–
58

Americans.
See also
racism and class distinctions

get rich quick attitude,
224
–
25
,
240
,
247
,
248

post-gold rush character,
224

pre-gold rush character,
73
,
106
–
7

pursuit of wealth en masse,
106
,
107
–
8

Andersen, “Bloody Bill,”
219

Anderson, Samuel,
160

Appotomax Courthouse, VA,
232

Arabian Nights
, California compared to,
101

Arizona,
245
–
47

Armour, John,
108

arson in San Francisco,
175

Baden, Germany,
3

Baja Peninsula,
42
–
43

Baton Rouge, LA,
122

Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794),
xxii

Battle of the Little Big Horn,
242

the Bear Flag Revolt,
20

Bell, Horace,
194
–
99
,
199
–
200
,
201
–
2

Bennet (Sutter's messenger to Mason),
62
,
63
,
65

Bigler, Henry W.,
38
–
39
,
40
,
58
–
60

Bigler, John W.,
201

Black Hills gold rush

Americans' excuse for breaking treaty,
235
–
36

Custer and,
238
–
39
,
242

Deadwood camp,
240

Homestake mine,
241
,
243

Treaty of 1868 with Sioux,
234

Bodie, Cheyenne,
211

Book of Mormon (Smith),
52

Booth, John Wilkes,
232
–
33

Bowie knife vs. butcher knife,
291

Brannan, Sam,
65
,
89
–
90

Brazos, TX,
125
–
26

Breen, Patrick,
28

Britain,
102
–
4
,
108
–
9
,
170
–
71
,
175
–
76
,
294

Brundage, E. F.,
212
,
213

Buchanan, James,
72

bullfight in Mexico,
138
–
39

Burnett, Peter H.,
208

butcher knife vs. Bowie knife,
291

California. See
also
crime in California;
specific cities

antislavery stand of,
188
,
189

the Bear Flag Revolt,
20

Mexican American War,
18
–
19
,
20
–
21
,
29
–
31

Polk's State of the Union speech about,
105
–
6
,
207
,
303
–
7

racism in,
189
–
91
,
191
–
94

slavery of Indians,
203
–
5

state courts, Chinese and,
190

statehood,
43
,
172

tourist attractions,
256

“The California Emigrant's Song,
249
–
52

California Gold Rush.
See also entries beginning with
“gold”

American Indians and,
203
–
5

beginning of,
112
–
13

crime rate,
148
–
49
,
169
–
71
,
173
–
76

effect of deaths during,
221

effect on Indians,
138

as hope for family's future,
107
,
111
,
118
–
19

Larkin's description of,
79
–
83

quantities and value of,
75
–
76
,
80
,
88
–
89
,
152
,
153
,
183
,
249

religion and,
117
–
18

California guidebooks,
96
–
99

Californian
(newspaper),
65

California Star
(newspaper),
65
,
86
–
89

Californios,
29
–
30
,
95
,
171
,
192
–
94

Camp Salvado,
189
–
90

Camp Washington,
190
–
91

cannibalism of Donner Party,
25
–
26
,
28

Cape Horn route to California,
97
,
98

Carnahan, Smythe,
176
–
78

Castro, José,
19

Catholicism in Mexico,
139
–
40

Centralia, KS,
219

Chinese immigrants,
189
–
91

cholera,
103
–
4
,
129
,
132
–
33
,
135
,
199

Civil War,
229
–
32

Clanton and McLaury gang,
246
–
47

Clapp, Louise Amelia Knapp Smith,
151
–
52

class distinctions.
See
racism and class distinctions

Clay County, MO,
xxi
–
xxii
,
12
–
13
,
207
–
8

Clements, Archie,
218

Clinkenbeard, Sam,
253
–
54

Clinkenbeard's Road House,
200

Coloma, CA

Gooch-Monroe home,
188
–
89

Marshall's cabin in,
226
–
27
,
258

mining camps in and around,
151
–
52

route to,
256

Sutter and Marshall's sawmill at,
31
–
37
,
38
,
65
,
68
–
69
,
257
–
58

Comanche Indians,
136
–
38

combines (gold mining equipment),
227
,
228

commerce

gold mining equipment costs,
80
,
81
,
101
,
151

Herald's
promotion of,
101
–
2

at mining camps,
80
,
81
,
101
,
151

in San Francisco,
74
–
77

at Sutter's Fort,
109

Comstock, Frank,
227
–
28

Comstock Lode,
228

Couray, Melissa Burton,
56

cradles, mining with,
80
,
154
–
55

crime in California

1850–1851 increase in,
169
–
71
,
173
–
76

lack of,
148
–
49

miner courts,
159
,
171
,
183
,
184

mob violence against criminals,
176
–
78

punishment for,
159
–
60
,
179
–
80
,
184
–
85

resolutions for controlling,
181
–
82

vigilante justice vs.,
179
–
83
,
185
–
86

Cump.
See
Sherman, William Tecumseh “Cump”

Custer, George Armstrong,
237
–
39
,
242

Cutting, Joseph H.,
207

Dame Shirley,
152

Deadwood, Black Hills,
240

Delano, Alonzo,
169
–
71
,
173
–
76

Delano, Columbus,
235

Denman (McNeil's traveling companion),
141
–
42

Donner Party,
22
–
28

Douglas, Stephen A.,
54

Dravat, Frank,
176
–
78

Dry Diggings,
183
–
86

Dubeld, Anna,
3

Earp, James,
246

Earp, Morgan,
246
–
47

Earp, Virgil,
246
–
47

Earp, Wyatt,
246
–
48

El Dorado, California compared to,
101

The Emigrant's Guide to the Gold Mines
(Simpson),
96
–
99

Ewing, Boyd,
113

Ewing, Thomas,
113

Far West, MO,
53

Feather River,
74
,
79
–
81
,
95
,
151

Fennifrock, Benjamin,
140
–
41

Fighting Earps,
246

Fillmore, Millard,
173

Five Joaquins,
194
,
200
–
201

Flores, José Marié,
31

flumes and trenches,
191

Foreign Miners License Tax (1850),
193
,
199

Formal Church of Mormon,
52

Fort Ross,
10

Fort Vancouver,
5

49ers,
112
–
13

Frémont, John C.,
19
–
20
,
30
–
31
,
261
.
See also
Treaty of Cahuenga (1847)