How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character (38 page)

North Star Academy in Newark,
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Obama, Barack (U.S. president),
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,
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Oettingen, Gabrielle,
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–
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O’Keeffe Elementary School in Chicago,
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–
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,
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OneGoal program,
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,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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.
See also
Lerma, Kewauna

openness to experience,
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optimal experiences,
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–
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optimism,
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–
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,
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–
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Ounce of Prevention Fund,
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Outliers
(Gladwell),
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–
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overprotection,
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–
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,
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–
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Pankonien, Dawn,
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parenting

adolescent outcomes and,
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–
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attachment relationships and,
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–
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chess genius and,
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–
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cognitive hypothesis and,
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economic case and,
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infant stress management and,
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–
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interventions and,
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–
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,
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–
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LG effect and,
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–
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,
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–
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overindulgence and,
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–
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“performance character,”
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Perry Preschool Project, xix–xxi,
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persistence,
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.
See also
grit

personality.
See also
character; confidence; conscientiousness; grit; self-control

dimensions of,
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incentives and,
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–
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pessimism,
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–
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,
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–
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Peterson, Christopher,
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,
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,
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“play plans,”
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Polgar, Laszlo,
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politics

character-education initiatives and,
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of disadvantage,
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–
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Popper, Sir Karl,
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positive psychology,
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,
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,
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,
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poverty in childhood.
See also
childhood trauma; family functioning

cognitive abilities and,
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–
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deeply disadvantaged and,
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–
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health disparities and,
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–
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politics and,
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–
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public policy debate and,
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–
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,
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–
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rate of,
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–
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school reform in Chicago and,
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–
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practice, and success,
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–
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prediction of success.
See also
cognitive hypothesis

achievement tests and,
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–
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attachment relationships and,
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–
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conscientiousness and,
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,
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–
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GED study and,
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–
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Grit Scale and,
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–
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high school GPA and,
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–
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self-control and,
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,
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–
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,
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prefrontal cortex.
See also
executive functions; self-control

interventions and,
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,
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self-regulation and,
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–
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,
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,
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The Price of Privilege
(Levine),
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Prilleltensky, Matan,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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“private speech,”
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privileged students.
See also
elite schools; Riverdale Country School

career choices and,
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–
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disadvantages of,
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–
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grit and,
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–
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overprotection and,
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–
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productivity, sense of,
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–
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Psychological Science
(journal),
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public health system,
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–
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public opinion,
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–
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public policy.
See
education reform; government policies

public school systems,
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,
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Chicago reform initiatives and,
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–
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,
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–
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The Race Between Education and Technology
(Goldin & Katz),
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–
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Race to Nowhere
(film),
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–
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Randolph, Dominic,
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,
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,
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character evaluation and,
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,
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–
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as Riverdale headmaster,
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–
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Real Education
(Murray),
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,
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–
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Red Bank Primary School in New Jersey,
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–
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Reed, Lanita,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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Risley, Todd R.,
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Riverdale Country School,
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–
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alumni from,
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,
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character and,
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–
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,
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–
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discipline at,
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–
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influence of affluence and,
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–
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social safety net at,
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Roberto Clemente Middle School,
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Roberts, Brent,
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–
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,
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–
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Robert Taylor Homes housing project,
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–
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Roderick, Melissa,
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,
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Roseland neighborhood, Chicago,
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–
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,
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–
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Rowson, Jonathan,
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,
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–
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Roxbury Prep in Boston,
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Rug Rat Race,
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rules, and character,
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–
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Sanders, William,
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Sapolsky, Robert,
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–
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Savage Inequalities
(Kozol),
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,
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Schamberg, Michelle,
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–
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Schooling in Capitalist America
(Bowles & Gintis),
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–
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school-lunch subsidy,
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–
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science of adversity,
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–
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secure attachment relationships,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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Seeman, Teresa,
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Segal, Carmit,
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–
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,
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self-control.
See also
executive functions; prefrontal cortex

adolescence and,
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–
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compulsiveness and,
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–
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conscientiousness and,
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–
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factors affecting,
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–
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grit and,
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–
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KIPP students and,
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–
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,
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–
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marshmallow test and,
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–
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Philadelphia study on,
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–
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prediction of success and,
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,
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–
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,
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Riverdale students and,
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–
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strategies for,
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–
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,
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–
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stressful childhoods and,
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–
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Tools of the Mind program and, xi–xii

Seligman, Martin,
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–
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,
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,
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,
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The Seven Deadly Chess Sins
(Rowson),
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sexual assault,
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,
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–
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.
See also
childhood trauma

Shonkoff, Jack,
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,
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Simon test,
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–
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SLANT, at KIPP,
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,
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Smith, Gene,
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Spiegel, Elizabeth,
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,
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chess coaching and,
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–
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,
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–
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–
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passion about chess,
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–
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,
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–
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self-reflections,
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,
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–
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teaching style and,
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–
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,
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Sroufe, Alan,
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–
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Stabrowski, Sayuri,
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–
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standardized college admissions tests

college success and,
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–
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OneGoal program and,
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–
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,
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–
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Stanford University,
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–
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Steele, Claude,
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,
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–
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Stefl, Michele,
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–
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,
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Steinberg, Laurence,
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–
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stereotype threat,
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–
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Stewart-Montgomery, Anita,
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–
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Strange Situation,
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,
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“strength of character” rating,
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stress.
See also
ACE scores; childhood trauma

developmental effects of,
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–
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executive function and,
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–
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responses to different types of,
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–
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as risk indicator,
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stress-response system,
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–
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,
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,
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Stroop test,
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success, types of,
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.
See also
prediction of success

suicide, and childhood trauma,
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Sullivan, Monisha (student),
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–
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,
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–
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,
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Sweating the Small Stuff
(Whitman),
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Swindell, Shawn (student),
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teachers

chess coaching and,
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–
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,
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–
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growth mindset and,
[>]
,
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needs of adolescents and,
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–
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OneGoal programs and,
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quality of, and reform efforts,
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–
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Teach for America,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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There Are No Children Here
(Kotlowitz),
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–
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thinking habits, and chess,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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–
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Tools of the Mind program, xi–xii,
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toy-car incident,
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Turnaround for Children,
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undermatching,
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–
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,
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unfulfilled potential,
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–
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,
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–
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Urban Students Empowered Foundation,
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–
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.
See also
OneGoal program

Vallas, Paul,
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,
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Vance, Tyrell (KIPP student),
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–
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,
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,
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