Hyperspace (60 page)

Duchamp, Marcel, 22

Dyson, Freeman, 258, 280–281, 285

Ehrenfest, Paul, 339n.11

Einstein, Albert, 6, 10, 13, 15, 79, 80–107, 112–113, 133, 138, 142, 154, 157, 177, 201, 233, 243–246, 266, 303, 314, 327–328, 342nn.7, 13

Einstein-Rosen bridge, 224–226

Electromagnetic interactions, 13, 101, 122, 125, 338n.6

Ellis, John, 189, 326

Entropy death, 304–305

Equivalence principle, 89

Erikson, Erik, 209

Escape velocity, 223

Euclidean geometry, 33, 38

Everett, Hugh, 262

Family problem, 127, 206

Faraday, Michael, 25, 79, 100–101, 168, 189

Faraday’s Law, 35

Feinberg, Gerald, 28, 307–308

Fermi, Enrico, 118, 144

Fermions, 144

Ferrara, Sergio, 145

Feynman, Richard, 130, 259

Feynman diagrams, 119–120, 138–139, 166, 325

Field theory, 23, 25, 39, 79, 93–94, 156, 166–168

Flatland, 46–48, 70–74, 106, 180–181, 340n.l0

Freedman, Daniel, 145

Freund, Peter, 11–12, 104–105, 345n.9

Gamow, George, 197–198, 238

Gauss, Carl Friedrich, 32, 62, 336n.4

Geller, Uri, 53

Gell-Mann, Murray, 179

General relativity, 91–95, 100–101, 138–150, 251

Generation problem, 127–128, 206

Georgi, Howard, 140

Gladsone, William, 25

Glashow, Sheldon, 121, 179

Gluons, 15, 122–123

God, 191–193, 330–332

cosmological proof of, 192–194

ontological proof of, 193–194

teleological proof of, 192–194

Gödel, Kurt, 240, 242–243

Goldsmith, Donald, 283

Grand Unified Theories (GUTs), 131–134, 143, 157, 159, 206, 213, 267, 305, 319, 325, 347n.4

Gravitino, 145, 183

Graviton, 138–139, 154, 183

Gravity, 14–15, 90–93, 95, 100–101, 126, 138–139, 146–148, 154, 183, 253, 335n.4

Green, Michael, 16, 155, 169

Gross, David, 157, 178, 206, 315–316

Grossman, Marcel, 93

Guth, Alan, 20, 26, 201, 259

Half-life, 134

Hardy, Godfrey, 174–175

Hartle, James, 253

Harvey, Jeffrey, 157, 347n.3

Hawking, Stephen, 147, 235, 252–254, 267, 334

Heinlein, Robert, 77, 236–237

Heisenberg, Werner, 111, 136, 166, 260, 324

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, 114, 187

Henderson, Linda Dalrymple, 22, 62

Hernquist, Lars, 299

Heterotic string, 158–159, 345n.l0

Higgs boson, 127, 183

Hinton, Charles, 54, 68–79, 84, 88

Hinton’s cubes, 69–70

Holism, 318–321

Horowitz, Paul, 282

Hubble, Edwin, 196

Hubble’s Law, 196

Hume, David, 181

Huxley, Thomas H., 330

Hypercube, 70, 77–78

Hyperdoughnut, 96–97

Hypersphere, 95, 342n.10

Inflation, 201

James, William, 22

Jeans, Sir James, 304

Johnson, Lyndon, 164, 182

Kaluza, Theodr, 99–100, 105–107, 338n.6, 343n.l3

Kaluza-Klein theory, vii, 8, 16, 99–103, 140–144, 146, 154–155, 169, 207, 313, 322, 335n.l, 345n.9

Kardashev, Nikolai, 277

Kepler, Johannes, 334

Kerr, Roy, 226

Kikkawa, Keiji, 162, 166, 207

Klein, Oskar, 106–107, 144, 207

Lawrence, Ernest, 184

Lenard, Philip, 314

Lenin, Vladimir, 22, 67–68, 87, 340n.6

Leonardo da Vinci, 64

Leptons, 123, 127, 142, 143, 146, 183

Littlewood, John, 175

Lobachevski, Nikolaus I., 337n.4

Lodge, Sir Oliver, 53

Lovelace, Claude, 168

Mach, Ernst, 67

Mach’s principle, 91, 242

Mandel, Heinrich, 343n. 13

Mandelstam, Stanley, 165

Many-worlds theory, 262

Marsden, Brian, 294

Martinec, Emil, 157

Marx, Karl, 32

Maxwell, James Clerk, xi, 7, 86, 101, 189, 314

Maxwell’s equations, 101–103, 123, 130, 137, 142, 143, 276, 342n.4, 345n. 13

McDonald, George, 62

McGovern, George, 152

Michel, Helen, 296

Michell, John, 223

Microwave background, 197–200

Mie, Gustav, 343n. 13

Mills, R. L., 26, 118

Missing mass, 304

Möbius, August, 51

Möbius strip, 60–61, 96

Modular functions, 172–173, 176–177

More, Henry, 21

Morris, Michael, 245

Muller, Richard, 297

Multiply connected spaces, 18

Muon, 128

Nambu, Yoichiro, 161

Nanopoulous, D. V., 155

Nappi, Chiara, 151

Nemesis theory, 296

Neutrino, 125, 128, 187–188

Neutron star, 220–221, 348n.1

Newman, Ezra, 243

Newton, Isaac, xi, 85, 115, 147, 242, 329, 339n.11

Newton’s constant, 335n.4

Non-Euclidean geometry, 34–36

Nonrenormalizable theory, 126, 150

Norstrom, Gunnar, 104, 343n. 13

NUT solution, 244

Ontological proof of God, 193–194

Oort cloud, 297

Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 112

Orbifolds, 202–204, 206, 211, 347nn.3, 4

Ostriker, Jeremiah P., 199

Ouspensky, P. D., 65

Owen, Tobius, 283

Pagels, Heinz, 9, 140, 259, 289, 333

Pauli, Wolfgang, 106–107, 137, 187

Pauli exclusion principle, 348n.1

Penzias, Arno, 197

Perturbation theory, 119

Phase transition, 210–214

Photon, 113

Piaget, Jean, 210

Picasso, Pablo, 65

Planck, Max, 88

Planck energy, 107, 138, 177, 185, 269

Planck length, 16, 269, 335n. 1

Planck’s constant, 113, 335n. 1

Poincaré, Henri, 130, 327

Proton decay, 133–134

Proust, Marcel, 22

Ptolemy, 34

Pulsar, 220

Pythagorean Theorem, 37, 338n.7

Quanta, 113

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), 122

Quantum electrodynamics (QED), 123

Quantum theory, 112–115

Quarks, 15, 122–123, 125, 142, 143, 183, 213

bottom quark, 128

charmed quark, 128

colored quarks, 122, 128

flavored quarks, 122, 128

strange quark, 128

super quarks, 183

top quark, 128

Rabi, Isidor I., xii, 333

Ramanujan, Srinivasa, 172–177

Ramanujan function, 346n. 13

Raup, David, 297

Red giant, 218

Red shift, 196

Reductionism, 318–321

Reissner-Nordstrom solution, 225

Resonance, 141, 153

Riemann, Georg Bernhard, 22–23, 30–45, 62, 79, 90–91, 107, 243, 326, 329, 336nn.2, 4, 337n.6, 343n.l3

Riemann’s metric tensor, 39–41, 79, 93, 101, 143–144, 146, 147, 148, 338n.7

Rohm, Ryan, 157

Russell, Bertrand, 28, 302

Rutherford, Ernest, 131

Sagan, Carl, 246, 295, 298

Sakita, Bunji, 162

Salam, Abdus, 145,
211

Schapiro, Meyer, 65

Schell, Jonathan, 287

Scherk, Joel, 168

Schofield, A. T., 55, 340n. 1

Schrödinger, Erwin, 111

Schrödinger’s cat, 260–261

Schwarz, John, 16, 155, 157, 168–169

Schwarzschild, Karl, 164

Schwinger, Julian, 137

Scriabin, Alexander, 22

Search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), 283

Sepkoski, John, 297

Sheehy, Gail, 209

Silk, Joseph, 306, 350n.4

Singer, Isadore A., 327

Slade, Henry, 49, 52

Slepton, 183

S
-matrix theory, 324–326

Smoot, George, 199–200

Snow, C. P., 304

Space warp, 90–92

Sparnaay, M. J., 250

Special relativity, 82–85

Spielberg, Steven, 18

Spin, 144, 150

Standard Model, 121–127, 131–134, 137, 150, 153, 155, 170–171, 211, 267, 313, 319, 345n.9, 347n.4

Stefan-Boltzmann law, 197

Stein, Gertrude, 22

Strong interactions, 14, 114, 121, 213

Superconducting supercollider (SSC), 16, 182–185, 187, 274, 316

Supergravity, vii, 16, 144–148, 150, 183, 335n. 1, 345n. 10, 347n.4

Supernova, 220, 295

Superstrings, viii, 16, 152–183, 335n. 1, 345n. l0

Supersymmetry, 145, 183

Susskind, Leonard, 268

Suzuki, Mahiko, 160–161, 167, 325

Swift-Tuttle comet, 294

Symmetry, 86, 124–130, 209–213

Symmetry breaking, 209–213

Tamburino, Louis, 243

Taulepton, 127–128

Teleological proof of God, 192–194

Tesseract, 70–71, 77–78

Thermodynamics, second law of, 304

Thomas Aquinas, 192

Thompson, J. J., 50