Inconvenient People (76 page)

Matrimonial Causes Act, 1857 (Divorce Act) 215, 251

Maudsley, Dr Henry 303–10, 317, 319, 377, 379

Mayne, Richard (Metropolitan Police Commissioner) 104, 179

Mayo, Dr Thomas 60, 283

mechanical restraint 15, 29, 33–4, 47–8, 59, 203, 235, 249, 265, 378–9

Medium and Daybreak, The
321–2, 329, 339

Ménier, Anacharsis 341, 342, 343, 344–6

Ménier, Angèle 341–2, 343, 366, 372

menstruation 30, 305

‘mental deficiency’ 381–5, 390

mesmerism 157, 159, 317, 327, 350

Metcalfe, John (proprietor of Acomb House Asylum) 257–9, 261–2, 263, 264–6

Metropolitan Commissioners in Lunacy xxi, xxii, 45, 54–5, 57, 61, 64, 66, 68, 69, 73, 75, 76, 82, 387, 388, 393, 395, 396
see also
Commissioners in Lunacy

Metropolitan Police 13–14, 20, 21, 65, 87, 88, 89, 104, 135, 166, 178, 180, 197, 229, 283, 329, 330, 331, 342, 345–6, 404, 407

Middlesex County Asylum, Hanwell 90, 138, 303, 394

Mill, John Stuart xvii–xviii, 285–6, 309

Millingen, Dr John Gideon (surgeon and asylum proprietor) 137–8, 139, 140, 144, 145, 180, 182, 183

Miss Havisham 160

Mitford, John (hack writer) xxi

M’Naughten, Daniel (assassin) 77, 89

money

allegations of profligacy against alleged lunatics 5, 20, 25, 68, 99, 107–9, 156, 160–1, 165, 232, 269

belief that anxiety about money/business worries caused mental illness xix, 300, 370

monomania 19, 105, 108, 107, 137, 144, 156, 177, 377

Monro, Dr Edward Thomas (alienist and asylum proprietor) 158, 159, 195, 245, 403

Montgomeryshire 1, 9, 267, 271

Moorcroft House Asylum 102–3, 104, 105, 106, 107, 116, 118, 127, 270, 272–3, 273–5, 277, 395, 399

Moore, George (novelist) 337

‘moral defectives’ 379–80, 381–4, 390
see also
‘feeble-mindedness’

‘moral insanity’ 145–6, 272, 309, 381

‘moral treatment’ 47, 57

Morison, Sir Alexander (alienist) 117, 137–8, 145, 152, 153, 158, 159, 195, 196

Mormonism 159

Mulock, Thomas (campaigning writer) 73

Mundell, Lieutenant (considered a dangerous lunatic) 89

Munster House Asylum 290

Mylne, James (Lunacy Commissioner) 114

Napoleonic Wars 71

National Archives, The 90, 314, 392

National Health Service 83

‘natural obligation’ (to care for an insane spouse or blood relative) xiv, 186, 193–4

Neal, James (Harry Weldon’s solicitor) 330, 345, 346, 360

‘nervous patient’ categorisation 55, 197–8, 397, 399, 404

Newgate Prison 359

Newington, Charles (asylum proprietor) 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60

Nightingale, Florence 285

Northampton Hospital 86, 396

Northumberland House Asylum, north London 402, 404, 405

Northwoods Asylum, near Bristol 86

Nottidge, Agnes 94, 95, 97, 99–100, 107, 108, 114, 119, 120, 125

Nottidge, Edmund 101, 102, 108, 111, 115, 116, 127

Nottidge, Harriet 94, 95, 97, 99, 100, 106, 107, 119, 125, 126, 141, 206–7

Nottidge, Louisa 94–119, 125–7, 270

considered to be insane by doctors and Commissioners in Lunacy 102–4, 105, 106, 107, 108, 114, 116–18

death 126–7

escape and recapture 107

joins the Agapemone 95–6, 97–8, 105, 106, 108–9

lawsuit against conspirators 111–14, 125

may have witnessed ‘the Great Manifestation’ 125

released 108–9

seized and incarcerated on her mother’s instructions 100–4, 114–15, 258

Nowell
v.
Williams
contested lunacy case 302–3

nudity 258–9

Ophelia (
Hamlet
) 201

Otto House Asylum 310, 317

Pall Mall Gazette
351, 352

Palmer, William (‘The Rugeley Poisoner’) 263

Palmerston, Lord 90, 216

Pantlludw (the Rucks’ home) 268, 269, 271, 272, 275, 277

Papistry
see
Roman Catholicism

Parkin, John (surgeon, patient and asylum co-proprietor) 71, 140

paternalism/chivalry 250, 263

Paternoster, Richard (lunacy law campaigner and later, barrister) 64, 65–8, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 199

pauper lunatics xiii, xviii, xx, xxi, 72, 82, 88, 89, 118, 190, 286, 289, 388, 389, 393, 401–2, 404

Pearce, Arthur Legent (poet and patient in Bethlehem Hospital) 89, 398

Peel, Sir Robert 36n, 77

Peithman, Professor Edward (incarcerated private tutor) 87–92, 234

Penge Mystery
see
Staunton Starvation Case

Perceval, Charles Spencer (nephew of John, and Lunacy Commission secretary in the 1880s) 363–4

Perceval, Jane (John Perceval’s mother)
see
Carr, Lady Jane

Perceval, John

and the death of his father 40, 74, 87

anger at his family 49–51, 57–8

as single patient 61–2

at the 1859 Select Committee on Lunatics 287–9, 289, 290, 322, 323

believes males and females equally vulnerable to wrongful incarceration 92

challenges his ‘voices’ 38

co-founds the Alleged Lunatics’ Friend Society 78–80

critical attacks made upon him 63–4, 89

damaged hearing and injury to his head 36, 39, 61, 87

death of 290

describes nature of his delusions 34, 36–8, 44–5

early life and breakdown 40–4, 50, 73, 74

frees Edward Peithman 87–91

hatred of ‘mad-doctors’ and asylum proprietors 50, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 62, 63, 274

marriage and fatherhood 61, 62, 63

opinion of Lord Shaftesbury 73, 74, 75, 194

patient at Brislington House Asylum, 33–53, 58, 60, 298

patient at Ticehurst Asylum 53–61, 283

personal appearance 33–4, 54, 60, 287

proposals for improved lunacy administration and patient care 52–3, 63, 72–3, 74–5, 82, 287, 376, 378

relapses in his psychological state 87, 290

views on the Nottidge case 105–6

writes his
Narrative
62–3

Perceval, Spencer (John’s father and assassinated prime minister) 40–2, 52, 57, 61–2

Perceval, Spencer (John’s brother and Metropolitan Commissioner in Lunacy) 40, 42, 45, 49, 51, 52, 53, 57, 58, 106

Pettigrew, Dr William Vesalius (asylum medical superintendent) 154

Phillimore, William (Master in Lunacy) 22, 23, 25

Phillips, Lewis (incarcerated businessman) 71, 72

Philpot Lane, City of London 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 19, 21, 31

Pimlico, London 135, 137, 154, 178, 193, 198

Pinel, Philippe (French alienist) 145

police 153, 229, 253, 256, 401
see also
Metropolitan Police

Pollock, Sir Frederick (Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer) 111, 114–15, 118, 396

poison 150, 153, 154, 156, 158, 159,
168, 170, 254–5, 256, 259, 260, 262–3, 269

Poole, Grace 204

Poor Law xviii, xxi, 61, 62, 76, 78, 118, 186, 188, 190, 193, 388, 389, 401

‘New Poor Law’/Poor Law Amendment Act, 1834 61, 78

Poor Law officers/Guardians of the Poor 76, 186, 233, 388, 389, 401

popular protest against mad-doctors and asylums xvii, xix, 13–14, 20, 25, 31, 32, 368–9, 378–9
see also
spectators

post-natal depression/‘puerperal mania’ 273

poverty
see
money

pregnancy 30, 119

press
see
newspaper and periodical attacks

Price, Reverend Lewis (Agapemonite preacher) 97, 107, 113, 125–7

Prichard, James Cowles (alienist and Lunacy Commissioner) 138–9, 145–6

Prince Albert 87, 88, 90

Prince, Reverend Henry James 94–129

Prince Regent 398

The Priory, Roehampton 377

Private Register (of wealthy single patient lunatics)
see
single patients

Procter, Bryan Waller (Lunacy Commissioner and literary man) 80, 81, 82, 84, 108, 180, 195–6, 233, 255, 256, 261

profligacy
see
money

Prussia 91

psychoanalysis 317, 379–80

public, as onlookers in lunacy trials/inquisitions
see
spectators

Punch
magazine 90, 112

Purnell, Purnell B., JP 84–5, 86, 287, 397

Quail, Dr John (abusive physician) 178–84

Quakers 34, 47, 48, 204

Queen’s Bench Prison 101, 133

Queensberry, Marquess of 377–8

radicalism 42, 65, 69, 396

railways 154, 283

rape 258–59

within marriage 214, 319

Reade, Charles (novelist) 199–200, 208, 249, 277, 323, 355, 396

recapture of an escaped lunatic, public attempts to thwart 76, 190

Reform (of the franchise) 52

Regent Street 71, 144, 249

religious ‘mania’/excitement 30, 105, 107, 108, 117, 118, 127

restitution of conjugal rights 319–21, 359–60

restraint
see
mechanical restraint

resurrection men
see
bodysnatchers

Richardson, Harriet
see
Staunton Starvation Case

Ridgeway House Asylum, near Bristol 86, 397

Robertson, Dr Charles Lockhart (one of the Lord Chancellor’s Visitors in Lunacy) 285, 317, 351, 403

Rochester, Edward xiv, 201–5

Roman Catholicism 92
see also
Spanish Inquisition

Row ‘Heresies’/’Miracles’ 42–3, 57

Rowland, Dr Richard 101–2

Royal Commission on the Care and Control of the Feeble-Minded, 1904–1908, 381–3

Royal Courts of Justice 360–1, 372

Ruck, Laurence (alleged lunatic) 267–77, 280, 286, 287, 288

Rudderforth, Dr John 350, 360, 362–3, 366

‘Rugeley Poisoner’
see
Palmer, William

Salisbury, Lord (prime minister and leader of the Conservatives) 375

Salop County Asylum 118

Sardou, Victorien (playwright) 201

Saumarez, Richard (naval admiral and lunacy law campaigner) 71, 75, 85–6, 287, 289, 355

Scotland, lunacy administration seen as superior 73, 291

Scotland Yard 80, 88–9, 179

Scull, Andrew (historian) 392

seizure of alleged lunatics by asylum staff
see
arrest

Select Committees on Lunatics/Madhouses

1763 xix

1814–15 xx

1827 xxi

1859 xviii, 286–90, 322, 323

1877 318–19, 322–4, 351, 403, 408

Semple, Dr Armand 350, 360, 362–3, 366, 368, 369

disguised as ‘Dr Shell’ 325–7, 347–50

senile dementia
see
dementia

Sensation Fiction 199n

separation (marital) 120, 133, 176, 214, 215, 291, 308, 326, 328, 330, 360, 397, 408
see also
divorce

servants
see
social distinctions

sex

details of a sexual nature in lunacy proceedings/evidence 22, 268, 272, 294–5, 317, 318–19

indecency in conversation 181, 230–1, 233, 298

indecency in public 76, 116, 267

legislation regarding male sexual behaviour 360

natural and desirable within marriage 120, 272–3

revelations of Society sexual life 217, 219–20, 230–1, 232–3, 234

see also
Agapemone; incest; nudity; syphilis

Shaftesbury, Lord 73–5, 77–8, 81, 83, 91, 104, 179, 185, 186, 194–5, 216, 235, 242, 243–5, 259, 262, 264, 287–9, 290, 322–3, 354–5, 364–5, 381

Shakers 401

shame of lunacy
see
embarrassment

Shapter, Dr Thomas 296–7, 302

Shelford, Leonard (barrister and law writer) 172–3

Sheridan, Richard Brinsley 201

Sheriff Hill Asylum, Gateshead 76

Showalter, Elaine (academic) 409

Shuttleworth, Martha (alleged lunatic) 178–84

Sidden, Dr Henry 278, 281

single patients xiii, xiv, 47, 50, 58, 61, 71, 77, 84, 118, 138, 149, 180, 181, 184, 185, 186, 193, 194, 195, 196, 202, 245–6, 282, 296, 353, 354, 355, 362, 375, 388, 407

cruelty to 84, 149, 178–80, 182, 186–93, 196

estimated numbers of 185, 186

invisibility of 186–7, 195, 375

lack of legal protection for 186

Private Register of wealthy single patients 185, 186, 194, 196, 388

reluctance of officials to enter private dwellings 180, 184, 191, 194–5

smell, as a diagnostic tool in insanity 28

Smyth-Pigott, Hugh (successor to Agapemone leadership) 128–9

social distinctions, desirability of an end to 122, 123, 278, 280

socialism/socialists 214, 316, 377

Society for the Protection of the Insane (forum for asylum proprietors) 138

Society for Psychical Research 317

sodomy 9, 214, 215, 233, 234, 291

Spaxton, Somerset
see
Agapemone

speaking in tongues 42–3, 57

specialists in lunacy, fears of their power over policy 309, 323, 381, 383

spectators at lunacy hearings/freed patients’ lawsuits, nature of and behaviour of 22, 24–5, 25, 26, 111–12, 113, 274, 281, 309, 361, 366, 378

spiritualism 249, 293–5, 296, 298, 301, 302, 303, 305, 316–19, 325, 327, 339, 347, 348, 350, 356, 358, 365–6, 372, 408
see also
automatic writing; British National Association of Spiritualists

St John’s Wood, London 130, 149–50, 155, 160, 165

St Luke’s Hospital for the Insane xx, 326, 347

St Paul 105, 365

stamp tax on newspapers 226

Starky, Julia (wife of Reverend Prince) 98, 101, 114, 126

Starky, Reverend Samuel (Reverend Prince’s brother-in-law) 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 109, 120, 121, 122

state

fears of intrusion on personal and domestic life xx, 360

provider of asylum care for
wealthier patients, 75, 195–6, 288–9, 323, 324, 375–6

role in 20th-century provision of patient ‘care’ 379–80, 381–5

statistics

attempts to enumerate alleged wrongful confinement cases 67–8, 286–7

official, on insanity 16, 30, 289, 379, 392–4

Staunton Starvation Case 206–7, 370

Stedman, Dr Robert 61–2

Stedman, Dr Silas 101, 103

Stillwell, Dr Arthur (asylum proprietor) 103–4, 105, 107, 108, 114, 270

Stillwell, Dr George (nephew of the above) 270–1, 273–4, 277, 288

strait-waistcoat (straitjacket), use of 33, 34, 35, 131, 136, 235
see also
mechanical restraint