Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses (52 page)

anti-Jewish measures, 5–6, 11, 48–50, 52–

54, 56, 60, 92, 94, 106–7, 117–19,

121–123, 125, 127–129, 133, 145n27,

150, 178, 191, 200–204, 206

antiSemitism,

German, 10, 14n 25, 21, 74, 80, 90–91,

94–96, 120, 122, 175, 180

legislation, 17

Anti-Soviet exhibition, 159

Appel, Marta, 25

April Laws of 1933, 17, 21, 28

Arabs, 83, 98

Arbeitslager
(work camps), 123

Arendt, Hannah, 47, 72, 87, 164, 169n55

“Armament Jews”, 160

“Aryan,” 4–6, 8–9, 20, 23, 26, 31–32,

42n96, 49, 51, 53–55, 58–64, 68n24,

70n46, 102, 122–123, 125, 134, 140,

170, 186, 190–193, 202–204, 206

“Aryan” paragraph, 49, 201

“Aryanization,” 6, 106, 117, 125–126,

145n19, 202

Ascher, Saul, 180

assimilationist, 50, 74, 95, 97, 102, 103, 112n18

Auschwitz, 62, 86, 142, 147n75, 162

Australia, 30

Austria, 2

annexation of (
Anschluss
), 6, 7, 123 archives in, 69n33

artists, 173

conditions in, 2

Jews in, 7, 14n26, 43n107, 46n127, 46n131, 48, 54, 111, 112n17, 114n46, 120, 131, 152

Nazis, 126

Bab, Julius, 173, 182n1 Baden, 23, 42n96, 155, 185

Baden württemberg, 44n113

Baeck, Rabbi Leo, 47, 71, 72, 76, 150, 156, 160, 162, 179

Baer, Fritz Isaac, 174 Baerwald, Alice, 44n113 Bajohr, Frank, 117, 135

Balfour Declaration, 95

Barkai, Avraham, 9–11, 43n108, 118, 134,

142

Bar kochba, see Jüdische Turn-und Sportverein Bar kochba Baum, Herbert, 141, 159

Baum, Ulrich, 44

Baum Group, 141, 159

Belgium, 33

Benz, wolfgang, 120

Bergner, elisabeth, 172

Berlin, 1, 4, 7, 10, 21, 23, 27, 30, 38, 40n48, 40n59, 44n113, 45n123, 46n131, 53–62, 64-65, 68n28, 69n34, 69n36,

69n38, 76, 79, 83–84, 89–111,

112nn13–14, 113n32, 118–119,

120–121, 122, 123–124, 128, 131,

134, 135–136, 137, 139, 141–142,

149, 152, 153, 155, 157–158, 159–160,

162–163, 168n43, 170, 171, 172, 173,

174, 175, 177, 189, 194, 204, 207, 209,

212, 213, 215, 219

Berliner, Cora, 150, 160

Berliner Illustrierte
, 94
Berliner Jüdische Zeitung,
92
Berliner Tageblatt
, 94 Bernheim, Hanna, 29, 40n48 Beth Chaluz, Hamburg, 100 Bialik, Haym Nahman, 172 Bick, edith, 20

Bildung
, 28

Birkenau, 142, 147 gas chambers at, 86

Sonderkommando
revolt, 47

Black, edwin, 88n18

Blau, Bruno, 46n127, 46nn130–131, 139 Bloch, Marie, 42n91

Blumenfeld, kurt, 51, 95–96, 98, 105

Blut und Boden
, 80

Board of Deputies of British Jews, 75 Boston Symphony orchestra, 171

boycott (anti-German), 82–84, 85, 88n18,

194

boycott (anti-Jewish), 6, 26, 94, 129, 191, 192, 204

Brandenburg, 101 Breisach, 44n113 Brenner, Michael, 11–12

Breslau, 90, 101, 174, 189

Brith Chaluzim Datiim (Bachad) (Misrachi Youth Movement), 92

Broder, Henryk, 173

Brown House, 32, 195

Brunner, Alois, 160

Buber, Martin, 92, 177

Buchenwald, 6, 61

Callmann, Rudolf, 189

Caribbean, 151

Center for Research on AntiSemitism, Berlin 120

Central Association of German Citizens of the Jewish Faith, see Centralverein deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens Central Bureau for the Settlement of Ger-man Jews in Palestine, 1, 45n124, 106

Centralverein deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens (Central Association of German Citizens of the Jewish Faith), 14n25, 43n108, 74, 75, 77, 78, 91, 95, 97, 99

Chelmno, 142

Chug Halutzi (Pioneer Circle), 141 Cohn, Benno, 105, 106, 108, 111

Cohn, Conrad, 160

Cohn, oskar, 176

Cologne, 90, 131, 189

communists, 3, 141, 159

concentration camps, 6, 34, 35, 37,

151–152, 155, 158, 159

Council for German Jewry, London, 26

CV-Zeitung
, 17, 74, 99 Czechoslovakia
dismemberment of, 6

training camps in, 102, 114n46

Dachau, 6

death camps, see extermination camps Decree for the Protection of the People and the State (28 February 1933)

Decree Regarding Physicians’ Services with the National Health Service (22 April 1933), 4

Decree Regarding Registration of Jewish Property (16 April 1938), 6

Demnig, Gunter, 143

Denaturalization Law (14 July 1933), 5

Denmark, 33

denunciations, 119

Der jüdische Student
, 92

Der junge Jude
, 92

Der Morgen
, 177

deutschblütig
(of “Aryan” blood), 52, 55, 56

Deutscher, Isaac, 75

Die Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland,

175

Dienemann, Rabbi Max, 179 Diner, Dan, 11, 166

Dizengoff, Meir, 172

Dresden, 44n113, 129, 131, 133, 134, 163,

194

Dubitscher, Friedrich, 62–63

Düsseldorf, 19, 43n113, 135

east Frisia, 154

east Prussia, 44n113, 205 economic deterioration, Jewish, 73

education, Jewish, 5, 8, 10, 12, 18, 22–24, 28, 35, 77, 96, 109, 110, 111, 150,

164, 171, 177, 185, 187, 204, 207,

217, 218–219

eichmann, Adolf, 7, 80, 87n3, 115n63, 147n63, 169n52, 169n55

eisner, Ruth, 24, 40n60, 41n81, 43n111 elberstadt, 44n113

elbogen, Ismar, 174, 175, 181

“enforced emigration”, 151

england, 19, 26, 33, 34, 40n48, 42n96,

105

enlightenment, 12, 28, 170, 171

Entfernung
(“removal“), 117,
Entjudung
(“de-Jewification“), 117, 125,
127, 134–135

entsiedelter Jude
(“de-settlerd Jew”), 127 eppstein, Paul, 150, 152–153, 154,
155–156, 160–161, 165

Erb-und Rassenbiologie
, (Hereditary and Race Biology), 56

“evasion, Jewish, 9, 48, 49, 64–65

evian Conference, 152

extermination camps, 3, 10, 55, 131, 161

Fabian, erich, 162

Fabrik-Aktion
(round-up for forced labor), 121, 147n75

family law novella, or the Law to Amend and Supplement Family-Related Regulations and to Regulate the Status of Stateless Persons (Gesetz über die Änderung und ergänzung familien-rechtlicher Vorschriften und über die Rechtstellung der Staatenlosen), 52–57, 59, 61, 64–66, 68n28, 69n33

Feuchtwanger, Lion, 172

“Final Solution,” 2, 8, 11, 13n24, 49, 55,

57, 60, 64, 118, 119, 120, 121, 123,

124, 133, 135, 142, 143, 155, 165

France, 29, 30, 33, 44n113, 102, 114n46,

153, 155, 157

Frankfurt am Main, 95, 131

Freeden, Herbert, 173 Freier, Recha, 45n123

Freund, elisabeth, 33–34, 37

Frick, wilhelm, 186, 190, 196, 198, 209,

219

Friedländer, David, 180

Friedländer, Fritz, 177

Friedländer, Saul, 2, 118 Friedrich wilhelm University, 21 Fuchs, eugen, 75

Führerprinzip
(leader principle), 76

“funtionalists“, 85, 86