Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses (54 page)

violence against, 2–7, 11, 31, 44n113,

92, 107, 123, 135, 165

visas, 33, 119, 157

vocational training, see
hachschara
war veterans, 28, 32, 41n81, 50, 59, 97,

103, 107

women in Germany, 8, 15–37, 39n38, 40n65, 41n72, 41n75, 41n81, 42n85, 43nn107–108, 43–45nn113–114,

45nn120–121, 45n123, 45n125,

46n127, 46n130, 64, 96–97,

138–139, 150

Jonas, Rabbi Regina, 141

Juden im deutschen Kulturbereich
, 175

Judenbann
(ostracism of Jews), 118, 126,
140, 142

Judenfreunde
(friends of Jews), 120, 123

Judenhäuser
(Jews’ houses), 10, 11, 117–143,
158

Judenkarteien
, (catalogue of Jewish registration cards), 127

Judenpolitik
, 13n14, 47, 51–52, 55, 57, 59,
64, 65, 66n1, 85, 88n12, 117, 121

Judenrat
(Jewish Council), 72, 76, 87n2, 164

Judensiedlungen
(Jews’ settlements), 10–11,
117–143

Judenstern
(Jews’ Star or Yellow Star/ Badge), 49, 50, 118
,
120, 121, 129,
140

Jüdisch-Theologisches Seminar, Berlin, 174

Jüdische Nachrichtenblatt
, 151

Jüdische Rundschau
, 50, 92, 95, 96, 99,
105, 146n52, 183

Jüdische Sportvereine (Jewish Sports Associations), 92

Jüdische Turn-und Sportverein Bar kochba (Jewish Gymnastics and Sports Association Bar kochba), 97, 99, 102

Jüdische Volkspartei (Jewish Peoples Party), 92

Jüdischer Frauenbund (League of Jewish women), 17, 36, 39n38, 92

Jüdischer kulturbund, 170

Jüdischer Verlag, 92, 175

kafka, Franz, 171

kaiser wilhelm Institute for Anthropology,

Genetics, and eugenics, 54 kaltenbrunner, ernst, 57

kaplan, Marion, 2, 8, 47, 48, 119, 121,

140, 142

kareski, Georg, 104

karminski, Hannah, 17, 45n120, 150

kassel, 131

katz, Jacob, 178–179

katznelson, Siegmund, 175

keren Hayesod (Palestine Foundation Fund), 107

keren Tora wa’awoda, Hamburg, 100 kerrl, 209, 219

kettenacker, Lothar, 86

kibbutzim,
34, 36

Kindertransporte
, 34

kitzingen, 131

klemperer, otto, 172

klemperer, Victor, 129, 133

kluger, Ruth, 16, 138

kollwitz, käthe, 172

kolmar, Gertrud, 136, 147n75 könig, Joel (ezra Ben-Gershom), 137 kovno, 142

krieck, ernst, 177

Kristallnacht
pogrom, 6, 31, 32–33, 35,
44nn113–114, 82, 105–106, 117, 119,

124, 125, 126, 129, 140, 150, 182n1,

200, 208

krosigk, Graf Schwerin von, 186 kubu, see kulturbund der deutschen Juden

kulka, otto Dov, 164

kulturbund der deutschen Juden (Cultural League of German Jews), 12, 94, 100, 159, 170–173, 182

küntzel, Georg, 179

kwiet, konrad, 10, 11, 47

Landauer, Georg, 1, 2, 98, 105, 108–109,

208

Landenberger, Leopold, 189

Landesamt für Rassewesen (State office for Race Affairs), 58

Landgericht (State Court), Berlin, 58, 68n28 Large, David Clay, 110

Law against economic Sabotage (1 December 1936), 42n89

Law against overcrowding of Schools (25 April 1933), 4

Law Concerning Admission to the Legal Profession (7 April 1933), 4

Law Concerning Tenant Relations with Jews (30 April 1939), 126

Law Concerning the Legal Status of the Jewish Religious Communities (29 March 1938), 209

Law Creating the Reich Chamber of Culture (29 September 1933), 5

Law for Removing the Distress of the People and the Reich (enabling Act), 3

Law for the elimination of Jews from the economic Life of Germany (12 November 1938), 6

Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor (15 September 1935), 5, 50, 197

Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service (7 April 1933), 4, 49, 185

Law to Amend and Supplement Family-Related Regulations and to Regulate the Status of Stateless Persons, 52–53

Leipzig, 90, 96

Lessing, Gotthold ephraim, 170, 171,

174

Lessler, Toni, 23–24

Levi, Primo, 2

Levy kurt, 160

Levy, Siegmund, 101

Lewis, Ann, 19

Liebermann, Martha, 172

Liebermann, Max, 172 Lieblich, karl, 176, 183n13 Liebmann, Alexander, 137

Lippert, Julius, 194

Lithuania, 45n125, 120

Lodz, 142

Lösener, Bernhard, 58, 78n58 Löwenstein, Leo, 103

Lublin District, 153, 154

Lublin Reservation, 155

Lustig, walter, 149, 162–163

Madagascar Plan, 155

Magdeburg, 38n14, 100

Maidanek, 142

Makkabi Hazair, Jüdischer Pfadfinderbund (Jewish Scouts‘ League Makkabi Hazair), 45n122, 92, 97, 99, 102

Mannheim, karl, 178

Martyrs and Heroes Remembrance Authority, 120

Marx, Hugo, 176

Mason, Tim, 86

Matthäus
,
Jürgen, 9, 122, 125

Mauthausen, 155

Memel, 120

Mendelssohn, Moses, 180

Mengele, Josef, 54

mentally handicapped, 3

Mexico, 33

Meyer, Beate, 11, 52, 61, 69n33, 69n38,

76, 132, 133, 144n15, 148n97

Meyer, Franz, 51, 68n21, 106, 189

Meyer, Michael, 175

Milbertshofen, 132

Minsk, 142

Mischehe
(mixed marriage; see also under Jews, marriage)
,
60, 61,
132–134, 139, 144n15, 162–163,

169, 216

Mischehenhäuser
(mixed marriage houses), 133, 134

Mischlinge
(“mixed breeds”), 5, 9, 21, 23,
31, 48, 49, 50–56, 58, 60, 65, 67n14,

68n24, 68n28, 69n35, 69n37–38,

132–134, 139, 169n50

Misrachi, 92

Modern History of the Jews
, 175 Mommsen, Hans, 86, 125

Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums
(MGwJ), 176–178

Moses, Martha, 128

Moses, Siegfried, 98, 189

Mosse, Martha, 150

Mosse Verlag, 94

Mueller, Liselotte, 19

Müller, Heinrich, 7

Munich, 32, 117, 132, 134, 135, 137, 142,

163, 193, 201, 206

Nathan der Weise
(
Nathan the Wise
), 170–171, 174

National Press Law (3 october, 1933), 5

National Socialist, 120, 121, 127, 142, 165, 175, 200

assumption of power, 72, 73, 80, 94, 102,

118, 122

party, 3, 132, 190

party program, 86 Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt, or NSV (National Socialist People’s welfare Agency), 154

Nauen, Alice, 29, 35

Naumann, Max, 76

Nazi brutality, see Jews, brutality against Nazis, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 14, 19, 20, 22, 27, 29, 32, 34, 45, 49,72, 73, 73, 75, 78,

79, 80, 82, 84, 85, 89, 104, 110, 112,

117, 123, 125, 128–129, 132–133,

134–135, 141, 143, 150, 157, 160,

164–166, 170, 171, 176, 191, 193,