Marlborough (95 page)

naval victory at Beachy Head (1690), 168

supports Jacobites, 168

in War of League of Augsburg, 173, 181

attempts invasion of England, 179

territorial gains and losses under Treaty of Ryswick (1697), 188

financial difficulties, 189

and Spanish succession, 192–3

supports James Francis Edward Stuart’s landing in Scotland, 215, 364, 370

military strength, 216–17, 224

strategic advantages, 249

strategy in Germany, 249–50, 252

alliance with Hungary, 250–1

advance against Austrian Empire, 252

and Marlborough’s march into Germany, 259–60

negotiates with Dutch (1705), 318–19

Marlborough plans 1706 attack on, 330

Ramillies defeat, 334–7, 339–42, 345–6

Marlborough plans descent on, 350, 362

withdraws from Italy, 350, 356

loses fleet, 360

privateers, 365, 441

requests exchange of prisoners of war, 368

strength and actions in Flanders and Spanish Netherlands (1708), 370–2, 375, 377–9

defeated at Oudenarde, 388–9

severe weather and harvest failure (1709), 410

weakened conditions, 410, 419

deploys for 1709 campaign, 417

fighting spirit in battle of Malplaquet, 430

Malplaquet defeat, 434

negotiates peace terms:

(1709), 215, 409–11, 416, 420

(1710), 435

in campaign of 1710, 450–1, 453

concessions under Treaty of Utrecht, 459

see also
Louis XIV, King of France

Frankfurt, 465

Franquenée, 345

Frederick I, King of Prussia (
earlier
Elector of Brandenburg):

and German coalition forces, 79

Marlborough visits in Berlin, 305–6

promises troops to Marlborough, 306, 309

Marlborough thanks, 326

troops paid irregularly, 329

Frederick William I, King of Prussia, 376

Frévent, 453

Friedberg, 280

Friedlingen, battle of (1702), 251

Fugger, Count, 294

Galway, Henri de Massue, 1st Earl of (and marquis de Ruvigny):

viscountcy, 28

Marlborough meets in Paris, 109

earldom, 172

command in Spain and Portugal, 208, 280, 350–1

defeated at Almanza, 209, 356

and Marlborough’s siege of Lille, 397

Game Act (1670), 19

Gardiner, Samuel Rawson, 45

Garth, Sir Samuel, 470, 472

Gaulle, Charles de, 249

Gaunt, Elizabeth, 18

Gavre, 348, 379–80, 390, 402

Gay, John, 475

Geete, river, 313, 333–5, 338, 339–40, 345

Gell, Stephen, 231–2

George I, King of Great Britain and Ireland (
earlier
Elector of Hanover):

succeeds Anne to throne, 15, 302, 468–70

and Robethon, 260

fights at Oudenarde, 261, 385

as Allied commander on Rhine, 370

defeated at Rummersheim (1709), 420

favours Marlborough, 448

opposes preliminaries to Treaty of Utrecht, 459–60

Marlborough supports succession to English throne, 467

arrives in England, 470

George II, King of Great Britain and Ireland:

coronation, 476–7

George, Prince of Denmark:

marriage to Anne, 104–5, 106–7

character, 106–7

health decline and death, 107, 354, 407–8, 412

and conspiracy against James II, 136

and William’s invasion, 149

abandons James II, 151

made Duke of Cumberland, 157

on campaign in Ireland, 164

property and finances, 164, 191, 365

refused service in navy, 164

and Mary’s demand for dismissal of Sarah, 178

moves into Cockpit, 180

votes for attainder against Fenwick, 188

allowance approved by Parliament, 234

illnesses (1687), 141

(1703), 238

opposes Occasional Conformity Bill, 239

learns of Blenheim victory, 298

supports Duumvir, 363–4

as lord high admiral, 365

Germany:

French strategy in, 249–50, 252

Marlborough marches into (1704), 258–9

contributes troops to Allies, 357

Gertruydenberg:

peace negotiations (1710), 435

Ghent, 349, 372, 375–8, 393–4, 397, 402, 404–5, 407

Gibbons, Grinling, 302

Gibraltar:

captured by Rooke, 298, 329

ceded to Britain (1713), 458

Gingen, near Ulm, 268

Givet, 393

Glorious Revolution (1688), 15

Gloucester
(frigate):

sinks, 97–9

Gloucester, William Henry, Duke of:

portrait, 12

death from smallpox, 16, 107, 190–1

illness (1689), 163

Marlborough appointed governor to, 190

Glozier, Matthew, 152, 169

Godden, Arthur, 131 & n, 132

Godfrey, Arabella
see
Churchill, Arabella

Godfrey, Benjamin, 120

Godfrey, Colonel Charles (Arabella Churchill’s husband), 136, 188, 313–14

Godolphin, Francis (Sidney’s father), 100

Godolphin, Francis (Sidney’s son), 100, 191, 265

Godolphin, Lady Henrietta (
née
Churchill; Marlborough-Sarah’s daughter;
later
Duchess of Marlborough):

birth, 96, 191

marriage, 100

birth of son, 265

affair with Congreve, 448

attends Anne’s funeral, 470

Sarah quarrels with, 474, 476

death, 476

succeeds to Marlborough dukedom, 476

Godolphin, Margaret (
née
Blagge):

death, 56

marriage, 100

letter to Jael Boscawen, 104

Godolphin, Lady Mary (Henrietta’s daughter), 448

Godolphin, Sidney, 1st Earl:

friendship and correspondence with Marlborough, 6, 101, 175, 208, 224, 253, 268, 305, 320, 328, 349, 365, 445, 454

Evelyn visits, 11

staff of office, 13, 181

and death of wife, 57, 100

dines with Marlboroughs, 85

background and career, 100–1

tennis playing, 100

favours William of Orange, 141

in Cockpit circle, 165

William appoints first lord of Treasury, 165

and Marlborough’s resentment at William’s favouring foreign officers, 174

and failed attack on Brest, 183–4

accused of complicity in Jacobite plot, 187

votes in favour of Fenwick, 188

as lord high treasurer, 208

and Marlborough’s position as commander, 208

and Marlborough’s order of battle, 213

and Woodstock election (1710), 223

and Marlborough’s campaign in Low Countries, 227–9

Anne favours, 234

and Blandford’s contracting smallpox, 235

supports Occasional Conformity Bill, 239

and Allied attempt on Antwerp, 241, 244

and Dutch veto of Marlborough’s plan to attack Lines of Brabant, 247

and Marlborough’s strategic plans in 1704 campaign, 255

and Marlborough’s march to Danube,
264, 268

and Marlborough at the Schellenberg, 270

awarded Garter, 280

and tacked Occasional Conformity Bill, 298–9

and Anne’s changed relations with Sarah, 299

and building of Blenheim Palace, 300

and Sunderland’s appointment to Vienna, 304

and funding of 1705 campaign, 309

and Marlborough’s manoeuvres in 1705 campaign, 310, 317

and Marlborough’s frustration with Slangenburg, 325

and Prince Louis’ defeat by Villars, 331

and death of Bringfield, 343

and commanders in Iberian Peninsula, 350

on Galway’s command in Iberian Peninsula, 351

as Anne’s chief minister, 353

earldom, 353

on senior officers remaining in London, 354–5

and appointment of Bishop of Winchester, 355

and Allied attack on Toulon, 360

demands Harley’s dismissal, 363

and admission of Somers to Cabinet, 364

and Marlborough’s depression over loss of Ghent, 377

and Marlborough’s actions and victory at Oudenarde, 379, 391

and Marlborough’s strategy at Lille, 396, 404

informed of Webb’s Wynendaele battle, 400

on Webb’s promotion, 401

on Prince George’s health decline and death, 408–9

Marlborough fails to consult over appointment as captain general for life, 413

on Sacheverell’s trial, 414

Marlborough writes to on Villars in Flanders, 417

and Marlborough’s move on Mons (1709), 421

and Dutch at Malplaquet, 430

warns Anne of Marlborough’s resignation threat, 442–3

Anne dismisses, 443–4

death and burial, 444, 464

and Craggs, 445

and Anne’s determination to dismiss Sarah, 449

and Marlborough’s siege of Bouchain, 457

protests in Lords at Treaty of Utrecht terms, 462

Godolphin, William (Marlborough’s grandson), 280

Goes, Johann Peter, Count, 201

Goësbriand, Lieutenant General de, 424

Gondrin, Louis Antoine de Pardaillan, marquis de, 336

Goodman, Cardell, 63

Goor, Lieutenant General Johan van, 255–6, 271, 273, 275

Gorsuch, Colonel Charles, 405

Goslinga, Sicco van:

sees Marlborough at prayer, 139

at battle of Landen, 182

on Dutch deputies on campaign, 199

and Marlborough’s 1705 campaign in Brabant, 312

and Dutch view of Marlborough’s conduct of war, 317

declines honour from Emperor, 318

at battle of Ramillies, 335, 347

on Marlborough’s alarm at loss of Ghent and Bruges, 372

in Flanders campaign (1708), 373–4

at battle of Oudenarde, 388

attends council of war with Marlborough, 391

on capture of Lille, 404

on Marlborough’s 1709 Flanders campaign, 418

on peace terms with France (1709), 420–1

in battle of Malplaquet, 429

on Tilly’s wife, 455

and Marlborough’s 1711 campaign against Villars, 456

Mémoires relatifs à la Guerre de Succession
, 9–10

Grafton, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of:

acquires regiment, 54

birth, 62

in Cockpit circle, 108

opposes Monmouth’s rebellion, 124

conspires against James II, 136

and William’s invasion and advance, 150

abandons James II, 151

death in Ireland, 170

Graham, Lieutenant Colonel:

killed (1689), 161

grain prices:

in London, 441

Gramont, Philibert comte de, 83, 311

Grand Alliance:

Elector of Bavaria leaves, 239

Marlborough holds together, 479

Grand Alliance, Treaty of (1701), 193, 201–2

Grave, Netherlands, 224–5, 227

Great Bedwyn (constituency), 31–2

Great Britain:

constituted (1707), 356

first Parliament (1707), 363

financial difficulties, 440–1

rise to world power, 477

see also
England