Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe (53 page)

For the background and context to Wassy: G. Baum and E. Caunitz (eds.),
Histoire eccleśiastique des églises reformées au royame de France, 3 vols.
(Nieuwkoop, 1974); C. Serfass,
Histoire de l’Eglise réformée de Wassy en Champagne depuis ses origines jusqu’à sa dispersion, 1561–1685
(Paris, 1928); Jules de la Brosse,
Histoire d’un capitaine Bourbonnais au XVIe siecle: Jacques de la Brosse, 1485(?)–1562
(Paris, 1929).

The death of François, Duke of Guise, is covered by Nicola Sutherland, ‘The assassination of François Duc de Guise, February 1563’, The Historical Journal, 24 (1981), 279–95, and David El Kenz, ‘La mort de François de Guise: entre l’art de mourir et l’art de subvertir’ in
Société et idéologies des temps modernes. Hommage à Arlette Jouanna
, 2 vols. (Montpellier, 1996).

The impact of the Guise–Montmorency feud on the civil wars is the subject of Stuart Carroll,
Blood and Violence in Early Modern France
(Oxford, 2006), Chapter 12, and ‘Vengeance and conspiracy during the French Wars of Religion’, in Julian Swann and Barry Coward (eds.),
Conspiracy and Conspiracy Theory from the Waldensians to the French Revolution
(Aldershot, 2004).

The most sensible guide to the Massacre of Saint Bartholemew is Arlette Jouanna,
La Saint-Bartheĺemy: les mystères d’un crime d’état
(Paris, 2007). Nicola Sutherland’s
The Massacre of St. Bartholomew and the European Conflict, 1559–1572
(London, 1973) wears its confessional heart on its sleeve. Barbara Diefendorf,
Beneath the Cross: Catholics and Huguenots in sixteenth-century Paris
(Oxford, 1991) contains much of interest on popular violence. Denis Crouzet,
La nuit de la Saint-Barthélemy: un rêve perdu de la Renaissance
(Paris, 1994) is also valuable, especially on Maurevert and his circle.

Pierre Chevallier,
Henri III
(Paris, 1985) began the rehabilitation of the most complex and intriguing monarch ever to rule France. David Potter, ‘Kingship in the Wars of Religion: The reputation of Henri III’,
European History Quarterly, 25
(1995), 485–528, surveys the literature up until the mid-1990s. Xavier Le Person,
Praticques et Praticqueurs: La vie politique à la fin du règne de Henri III (1574–1589)
(Geneva, 2002), continues the trend which sees Henri as a shrewd and manipulative politician.

On the invasion of England and the English Catholic exiles, see J. Kretzschmar,
Die invasionsprojekte der katholischen mächte gegen England zur zeit Elisabeths
(Leipzig, 1892); Leo Hicks (ed.), ‘Letters and memorials of Robert Parsons SJ’, Catholic Record Society, 39 (1942); John Bossy, ‘Elizabethan Catholicism: The link with France’, unpub PhD thesis (University of Cambridge, 1960); Catherine Gibbons, ‘The experience of exile and English Catholics: Paris in the 1580s’, unpub PhD thesis (University of York, 2006); Anne Dillon,
The Construction of Martyrdom in the English Catholic Community
(Aldershot, 2002); Alexander Wilkinson,
Mary Queen of Scots and French Public Opinion, 1542–1600
(Basingstoke, 2004).

Jean-Marie Constant’s,
La Ligue
(1996), is a good synthesis on the rise and fall of the Catholic League. For a closer examination of the events of May 1588 in Paris: Stuart Carroll, ‘The revolt of Paris, 1588: Aristocratic insurgency and the mobilization of popular support’,
French Historical Studies, 23
(2000), 302–37. De Lamar Jensen,
Diplomacy and Dogmatism: Bernardo de Mendoza and the Catholic League
(Cambridge Mass., Harvard University Press, 1964) has now been supplemented by Valentin Vazquez de Prada, Felipe II y Francia (1559–1598):
polıtica, religion y razon de Estado
(Pamplona, 2004), which also falls into the trap of underestimating the level of ‘operational overreach’ in Spanish foreign policy and thereby of overestimating the control exercised by Spain over the Guise. The family’s fortunes in the seventeenth century are sadly neglected—an imbalance in the historiography which will be rectified by the publication of Jonathan Spangler’s
The Society of Princes: The Lorraine-Guise and the conservation of power and wealth in seventeenth-century France
(Aldershot, 2009).