Authors: Linda Porter
Mary Tudor (85 page)
35
24 September, ibid., 13, p. 53.
24 September, ibid., 13, p. 53.
36
Report to the bishop of Arras, 25 November,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 105.
Report to the bishop of Arras, 25 November,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 105.
37
Quoted in
DNB
.
Quoted in
DNB
.
38
30 November 1554,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, pp. 108-9.
30 November 1554,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, pp. 108-9.
39
Various dispatches, ibid., 13, pp. 51-60.
Various dispatches, ibid., 13, pp. 51-60.
40
In
Idem Iterum, or The History of Queen Mary’s big belly, from Mr Foxe’s Acts and Monuments and Dr Heylin’s History of the Reformation
(1688), p. 1.
In
Idem Iterum, or The History of Queen Mary’s big belly, from Mr Foxe’s Acts and Monuments and Dr Heylin’s History of the Reformation
(1688), p. 1.
41
Ibid., pp. 3-4.
Ibid., pp. 3-4.
42
27 March 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 148.
27 March 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 148.
43
Letter of Philip to Maximilian of Austria, 25 April 1554, quoted in H. Kamen,
Philip of Spain
(1998), p. 62.
Letter of Philip to Maximilian of Austria, 25 April 1554, quoted in H. Kamen,
Philip of Spain
(1998), p. 62.
44
Ruy Gomez to Eraso, 22 May 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 176.
Ruy Gomez to Eraso, 22 May 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 176.
45
Mary’s views as reported by Cardinal Pole,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 230.
Mary’s views as reported by Cardinal Pole,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 230.
46
Muriel St Clare Byrne (ed.),
The Lisle Letters
(1983), p. 310.
Muriel St Clare Byrne (ed.),
The Lisle Letters
(1983), p. 310.
47
Quoted in J. M. Stone,
Mary I, Queen of England
(1901), p. 351.
Quoted in J. M. Stone,
Mary I, Queen of England
(1901), p. 351.
48
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 240.
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 240.
49
Manning, ‘State Papers’, pp. 182-3.
Manning, ‘State Papers’, pp. 182-3.
50
Quoted in Stone,
Mary I,
p. 349.
Quoted in Stone,
Mary I,
p. 349.
51
Michieli’s report to the Doge, 3 September, quoted in Paul Friedmann (ed.),
Les Dépèches de G. Michiel, Ambassadeur de Venise en Angleterre pendant les années de 1554 á 1557
(Paris, 1864), pp. 114-15.
Michieli’s report to the Doge, 3 September, quoted in Paul Friedmann (ed.),
Les Dépèches de G. Michiel, Ambassadeur de Venise en Angleterre pendant les années de 1554 á 1557
(Paris, 1864), pp. 114-15.
Mary Alone
1
Undated, July or August 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, pp. 238-9.
Undated, July or August 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, pp. 238-9.
2
Quoted in Kamen,
Philip of Spain
, p. 63.
Quoted in Kamen,
Philip of Spain
, p. 63.
3
August 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 249.
August 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 249.
4
5 September 1555,
Ambassades de MM de Noailles
, vol. 5, pp. 126-7.
5 September 1555,
Ambassades de MM de Noailles
, vol. 5, pp. 126-7.
5
Undated, August or September 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 247.
Undated, August or September 1555,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 247.
6
BL Sloane MS
1583.
BL Sloane MS
1583.
7
Direction of Queen Mary to her council touching the reforming of the Church to the Roman religion,
BL Harley MS 444
, ff. 27-8, in Tittler,
The Reign of Mary I
, pp. 87-8.
Direction of Queen Mary to her council touching the reforming of the Church to the Roman religion,
BL Harley MS 444
, ff. 27-8, in Tittler,
The Reign of Mary I
, pp. 87-8.
8
Foxe’s
Book of Martyrs
(Belfast, 1995), p. 220.
Foxe’s
Book of Martyrs
(Belfast, 1995), p. 220.
9
S. Haynes (ed.),
A collection of state papers relating to the affairs in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth from 1542, left by William Cecil, Lord Burghley
(London, 1740), p. 187.
S. Haynes (ed.),
A collection of state papers relating to the affairs in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth from 1542, left by William Cecil, Lord Burghley
(London, 1740), p. 187.
10
Undated letter, 1553, in J. E. Cox (ed.),
The Works of Thomas Cranmer
(Cambridge, 1846), vol. 2, pp. 442-4.
Undated letter, 1553, in J. E. Cox (ed.),
The Works of Thomas Cranmer
(Cambridge, 1846), vol. 2, pp. 442-4.
11
Letters written in 1555, ibid., vol. 2, pp. 447 and 454.
Letters written in 1555, ibid., vol. 2, pp. 447 and 454.
12
Foxe’s
Book of Martyrs
, p. 307.
Foxe’s
Book of Martyrs
, p. 307.
13
Quoted in Diarmaid MacCulloch,
Thomas Cranmer
(London, 1996), p. 583.
Quoted in Diarmaid MacCulloch,
Thomas Cranmer
(London, 1996), p. 583.
14
Ibid., p. 603.
Ibid., p. 603.
15
Eamon Duffy,
The Stripping of the Altars
,
2
nd edn (London, 2002), p. 560.
Eamon Duffy,
The Stripping of the Altars
,
2
nd edn (London, 2002), p. 560.
16
Quoted in Kamen,
Philip II
, p. 62. De Castro’s views were not shared by Bartolome Carranza, who had been sent to England to re-establish the Dominican order there. See John Edwards, ‘Spanish religious influence in Marian England’, in E. Duffy and D. Loades (eds),
The Church of Mary Tudor
(Aldershot, 2006), p. 208.
Quoted in Kamen,
Philip II
, p. 62. De Castro’s views were not shared by Bartolome Carranza, who had been sent to England to re-establish the Dominican order there. See John Edwards, ‘Spanish religious influence in Marian England’, in E. Duffy and D. Loades (eds),
The Church of Mary Tudor
(Aldershot, 2006), p. 208.
17
John Ponet (later bishop of Rochester),
A Short Treatise of politicke power and of the true obedience which subjects owe to Kings and other civill Governours
(1556, reprinted 1639).
John Ponet (later bishop of Rochester),
A Short Treatise of politicke power and of the true obedience which subjects owe to Kings and other civill Governours
(1556, reprinted 1639).
18
Instructions of 24 May 1555 to Bishop Bonner of London, quoted in Prescott,
Mary Tudor
, p. 304.
Instructions of 24 May 1555 to Bishop Bonner of London, quoted in Prescott,
Mary Tudor
, p. 304.
19
Quoted in P. Collinson, ‘The Persecutions in Kent’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor
, p. 322.
Quoted in P. Collinson, ‘The Persecutions in Kent’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor
, p. 322.
20
The Diary of Henry Machyn, citizen and Merchant-Taylor of London, from A.D. 1550 to A.D. 1563,
ed. John Gough Nichols, Camden Society (London, 1848), quoted in Gary C. Gibbs, ‘Marking the Days, Henry Machyn’s Manuscript and the mid-Tudor Era’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor,
p. 305.
The Diary of Henry Machyn, citizen and Merchant-Taylor of London, from A.D. 1550 to A.D. 1563,
ed. John Gough Nichols, Camden Society (London, 1848), quoted in Gary C. Gibbs, ‘Marking the Days, Henry Machyn’s Manuscript and the mid-Tudor Era’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor,
p. 305.
21
Ibid., p. 304.
Ibid., p. 304.
22
Queen Mary’s Manual
is owned by Westminster Cathedral and is now kept in the library of Westminster Abbey.
Queen Mary’s Manual
is owned by Westminster Cathedral and is now kept in the library of Westminster Abbey.
23
Edmund Bonner,
An honest godlye instruction and information for the tradynge and bringinge up of Children, set forth by the bishop of London
, printed by Robert Caly (London, 1555).
Edmund Bonner,
An honest godlye instruction and information for the tradynge and bringinge up of Children, set forth by the bishop of London
, printed by Robert Caly (London, 1555).
24
Quoted in Duffy,
The Stripping of the Altars
, p. 530.
Quoted in Duffy,
The Stripping of the Altars
, p. 530.
25
February 1558, printed by Robert Caly.
February 1558, printed by Robert Caly.
26
The injunctions of Archdeacon Nicholas Harpsfield on the condition of parish churches, 1557, in Tittler,
The Reign of Mary
I, pp. 90-91.
The injunctions of Archdeacon Nicholas Harpsfield on the condition of parish churches, 1557, in Tittler,
The Reign of Mary
I, pp. 90-91.
27
Albert Feuillerat (ed.),
Documents relating to the revels at court in the time of King Edward VI and Queen Mary
(Louvain, 1914), p. 159.
Albert Feuillerat (ed.),
Documents relating to the revels at court in the time of King Edward VI and Queen Mary
(Louvain, 1914), p. 159.
28
Chancellor’s account of Russia is in Richard Hakluyt,
The Principal Navigations,Voyages, Traffics and Discoveries of the English nation made by sea or overland
(1598), vol. 1, pp. 238-53.
Chancellor’s account of Russia is in Richard Hakluyt,
The Principal Navigations,Voyages, Traffics and Discoveries of the English nation made by sea or overland
(1598), vol. 1, pp. 238-53.
29
Quoted in T. S.Willan,
The Muscovy Merchants of 1555
(Manchester, 1953), p. 9.
Quoted in T. S.Willan,
The Muscovy Merchants of 1555
(Manchester, 1953), p. 9.
30
The Queen Mary Atlas, with a useful commentary by Peter Barber, can be seen in the Map Room of the British Library. One hundred copies of it were printed by the Folio Society in 2005.
The Queen Mary Atlas, with a useful commentary by Peter Barber, can be seen in the Map Room of the British Library. One hundred copies of it were printed by the Folio Society in 2005.
31
Incorporation of the borough of High Wycombe, also known as Chipping Wycombe, by the Crown, 17 August 1558, in Tittler,
The Reign of Mary I
, pp. 94-6.
Incorporation of the borough of High Wycombe, also known as Chipping Wycombe, by the Crown, 17 August 1558, in Tittler,
The Reign of Mary I
, pp. 94-6.
32
SPD Mary I
, no. 234.
SPD Mary I
, no. 234.
Triumph and Disaster
1
Undated, possibly May 1556,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 267.
Undated, possibly May 1556,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 267.
2
10 September 1556, ibid., 13,p.276.
10 September 1556, ibid., 13,p.276.
3
SPD Mary I
, p. 334, quoted in
DNB
entry for Henry (Dudley) Sutton.
SPD Mary I
, p. 334, quoted in
DNB
entry for Henry (Dudley) Sutton.
4
Quoted in Starkey,
Elizabeth
, p. 196.
Quoted in Starkey,
Elizabeth
, p. 196.
5
Attributed to Ashton by Henry Peckham, under interrogation. Quoted in Loades,
Two Tudor Conspiracies
, p. 213.
Attributed to Ashton by Henry Peckham, under interrogation. Quoted in Loades,
Two Tudor Conspiracies
, p. 213.
6
‘As a roaring lion goes about, seeking whom he may devour’.This is a quotation from 1 Peter 5:8 in the Vulgate, the Catholic version of the Bible. See the footnote to this letter in Marcus et al.,
Elizabeth I
,
Collected Works
, p. 43.
‘As a roaring lion goes about, seeking whom he may devour’.This is a quotation from 1 Peter 5:8 in the Vulgate, the Catholic version of the Bible. See the footnote to this letter in Marcus et al.,
Elizabeth I
,
Collected Works
, p. 43.
7
2 August 1556, Marcus et al.,
Elizabeth I, Collected Works
, pp. 43-4.
2 August 1556, Marcus et al.,
Elizabeth I, Collected Works
, pp. 43-4.
8
For the complete 1557 New Year’s Gift List, see D. Loades,
Mary Tudor
(Oxford, 1989), pp. 358-69.
For the complete 1557 New Year’s Gift List, see D. Loades,
Mary Tudor
(Oxford, 1989), pp. 358-69.
9
Quoted in Tom Glasgow Jr, ‘The Navy in Philip and Mary’s War, 1557-1558’,
Mariner’s Mirror
, vol. 53(4) (November, 1967), p. 322.
Quoted in Tom Glasgow Jr, ‘The Navy in Philip and Mary’s War, 1557-1558’,
Mariner’s Mirror
, vol. 53(4) (November, 1967), p. 322.
10
Quoted by C. S. L. Davies, ‘England and the French War’, in J. Loach and R.Tittler (eds),
The mid-Tudor Polity, c. 1540-1560
(London, 1983).
Quoted by C. S. L. Davies, ‘England and the French War’, in J. Loach and R.Tittler (eds),
The mid-Tudor Polity, c. 1540-1560
(London, 1983).
11
Cal SP Venetian
, 6Ii, p. 1240.
Cal SP Venetian
, 6Ii, p. 1240.
12
See Carter, ‘Mary Tudor’s Wardrobe’.
See Carter, ‘Mary Tudor’s Wardrobe’.
13
Intercepted dispatch in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, BN fr. 23191, quoted in David Potter, ‘The duc de Guise and the Fall of Calais, 1557-1558’,
English Historical Review
, 98 (July 1983), pp. 481-512.
Intercepted dispatch in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, BN fr. 23191, quoted in David Potter, ‘The duc de Guise and the Fall of Calais, 1557-1558’,
English Historical Review
, 98 (July 1983), pp. 481-512.
14
2 January 1558 at 10 p.m., in Edward Arber (ed.),
An English Garner
(Birmingham, 1882), vol. iv, p. 193.The marshes had been partially flooded, but not sufficiently to give major problems to the French.
2 January 1558 at 10 p.m., in Edward Arber (ed.),
An English Garner
(Birmingham, 1882), vol. iv, p. 193.The marshes had been partially flooded, but not sufficiently to give major problems to the French.
15
2 February 1558,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 351.
2 February 1558,
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, p. 351.
16
10 January 1558, ibid., 6iii, p. 1421.
10 January 1558, ibid., 6iii, p. 1421.
17
31 January 1558, ibid., 13,p.348.
31 January 1558, ibid., 13,p.348.
18
21 January 1558, ibid., 13, pp. 340-41.
21 January 1558, ibid., 13, pp. 340-41.
19
10 March 1558, ibid., 13, pp. 366-8.
10 March 1558, ibid., 13, pp. 366-8.
20
The will is quoted in full as Appendix 3 to Loades,
Mary Tudor,
pp. 370-80.
The will is quoted in full as Appendix 3 to Loades,
Mary Tudor,
pp. 370-80.
21
BL MS Cotton Titus, B.2, f. 109. Quoted in Prescott,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 377-8.The original is a draft in French, with alterations, in Mary’s own hand.
BL MS Cotton Titus, B.2, f. 109. Quoted in Prescott,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 377-8.The original is a draft in French, with alterations, in Mary’s own hand.
22
Pope’s report from Hatfield of 26 April 1558, in
SPD Mary I
, no. 753.
Pope’s report from Hatfield of 26 April 1558, in
SPD Mary I
, no. 753.
23
The 18th-century writer,Thomas Warton, relied on papers that proved to be forgeries.
The 18th-century writer,Thomas Warton, relied on papers that proved to be forgeries.
24
Wriothesley,
Chronicle
, 2, p. 139.
Wriothesley,
Chronicle
, 2, p. 139.
25
For a general discussion of the chronology of 16th-century epidemics, see Paul Slack,
The Impact of Plague in Tudor and Stuart England
(Oxford, 1985), pp. 53-78.
For a general discussion of the chronology of 16th-century epidemics, see Paul Slack,
The Impact of Plague in Tudor and Stuart England
(Oxford, 1985), pp. 53-78.
26
6 October 1558,
CSP Foreign
, 1553-8, no. 834.
6 October 1558,
CSP Foreign
, 1553-8, no. 834.
27
Quoted in Charles Creighton,
A History of Epidemics in Britain
, 2nd edn (1965), vol. 1, p. 404.
Quoted in Charles Creighton,
A History of Epidemics in Britain
, 2nd edn (1965), vol. 1, p. 404.
28
John A. H.Wylie and Leslie H. Collier, ‘The English sweating sickness (Sudor Anglicus): A re-appraisal’,
Journal of the History of Medicine
, vol. 36 (1981), pp. 425-45.
John A. H.Wylie and Leslie H. Collier, ‘The English sweating sickness (Sudor Anglicus): A re-appraisal’,
Journal of the History of Medicine
, vol. 36 (1981), pp. 425-45.
29
Henry Clifford,
Life of Jane Dormer, Duchess of Feria
, ed. J. Stevenson (London, 1887), p. 69.
Henry Clifford,
Life of Jane Dormer, Duchess of Feria
, ed. J. Stevenson (London, 1887), p. 69.
30
The poetic tribute of Juan de Vega, president of the Council of Castile, quoted in the
Autobiography of Charles
V, ed. Kervyn de Lettenhove (London, 1862), p. xxxi. In fact, Charles never lost his interest in politics and had, earlier in the year, urged his daughter Juana to act decisively against the spread of heresy in Spain.
The poetic tribute of Juan de Vega, president of the Council of Castile, quoted in the
Autobiography of Charles
V, ed. Kervyn de Lettenhove (London, 1862), p. xxxi. In fact, Charles never lost his interest in politics and had, earlier in the year, urged his daughter Juana to act decisively against the spread of heresy in Spain.
31
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 380-83.
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 380-83.
32
Starkey,
Elizabeth
, p. 228.
Starkey,
Elizabeth
, p. 228.
33
‘The Count of Faria’s despatch to Philip II of 14 November 1558’, ed. and trans. M.J. Rodriguez-Salgado and Simon Adams,
Camden Miscellany
, 4th series, vol. 29, pp. 300-44.
‘The Count of Faria’s despatch to Philip II of 14 November 1558’, ed. and trans. M.J. Rodriguez-Salgado and Simon Adams,
Camden Miscellany
, 4th series, vol. 29, pp. 300-44.
34
‘Memorandum of the jewels that lie in a coffer at Whitehall’, late 1558(?),
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, pp. 441-2.
‘Memorandum of the jewels that lie in a coffer at Whitehall’, late 1558(?),
Cal SP Spanish
, 13, pp. 441-2.
35
Strype,
Ecclesiastical Memorials
, vol. 3, pt ii, p. 142.
Strype,
Ecclesiastical Memorials
, vol. 3, pt ii, p. 142.
36
Ibid., vol.3, pt ii, p. 548.
Ibid., vol.3, pt ii, p. 548.
37
Harleian Miscellany, X (London, 1813), pp. 259-60.
Harleian Miscellany, X (London, 1813), pp. 259-60.
1
Quoted in
DNB
entry for Winchester, 2004.
Quoted in
DNB
entry for Winchester, 2004.
2
Haynes,
A collection of state papers
, pp. 208-9.
Haynes,
A collection of state papers
, pp. 208-9.
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