Read Once Upon a Time in Russia Online
Authors: Ben Mezrich
The papers that Mario had just handed him might very well provide a clue to the situation. Not a smoking gun perhaps but a link Litvinenko might be able to follow further.
To many, Litvinenko was nothing but a rabid conspiracy theorist. The books he had written had been dismissed by many as being similar to the sort of crap 9/11 deniers had put out in America, even years after the terrorist attack. But Litvinenko didn't care what people thought of him. He lived in a world of conspiracies and, often, the imagined were much tamer than the real.
He put the papers in his jacket and quickly rose from the table. He needed to make copies of them immediately, and he also wanted
to show them to the one person with an imagination even more vivid than his own.
â¢Â  â¢Â  â¢
The afternoon had dwindled away by the time Litvinenko was on his way toward the Mayfair hotel for his already arranged meeting with the Russians from the morning. It felt like his entire dayâmuch of it in transit, by car, by foot, by busâhad him in a haze of jumbled, interlocking thoughts. He was still going over that morning meeting at the hotel, something that should have been the only thing occupying his mind. But the papers Mario had handed him vied for his brain's attention. The investigation into the journalist's murder in Moscow was a pet project that he felt certain would yield fruit, in his continued personal battle with his perceived nemesisâand perhaps the papers would lead him further on that quest.
Unfortunately, he hadn't been able to discuss anything with Berezovsky yet that day. His boss was going through many problems of his own. Though Berezovsky's lifestyle seemed as extravagant as ever, if not more so, in the past couple of years, rumor had it that the Oligarch's finances were not what they once had been. The Russian government had relentlessly gone after whatever properties and assets of his they could get to, and Berezovsky had made many investments that collapsed, and many more that didn't seem very profitable. His ex-wife Galina was gearing up for an epic divorce battle, which many in the UK believed could earn her hundreds of millions of dollars.
Berezovsky had also been pouring money into his quest to cause problems for Putin, funding any project that came to him that seemed like something to cause pain for the Russian government. From what Litvinenko had heard, the Oligarch had also been pushing
his partner Badri more and more into Georgian politics, berating him, some would say, into sticking his neck out in the treacherous political landscape of the breakaway republicâeven prodding him to run for president, a role the man didn't seem particularly suited to, given his calm, controlled, quiet demeanor, his penchant for staying out of the dramatic limelight and behind the scenes. As Berezovsky knew better than most, politics was an expensive hobby, and since he and Badri appeared to share elements of their bankroll, it was going to be another massive drain on the Oligarch's bottom line.
These growing financial issues would be particularly galling to Berezovsky, especially considering that just a year and a half earlier, Roman Abramovich, his continued obsession, had sold a controlling stake in Sibneft for what had been reported to be a valuation of eighteen billion dollars. The Oligarch had to watch how high his former protégé was rising, while he himself was still battling away in the same war that he'd been fighting for most of the decade.
In any event, Litvinenko needed to refocus again on his Russian contacts, the men he'd met earlier in the hotel in Soho. The afternoon was almost gone, so Litvinenko hurried his pace, already late for the rendezvous.
â¢Â  â¢Â  â¢
Leather banquettes, dark wood tones, subtle lighting, an old-world bar that stretched along one wall from one end to the other, lit by the reflected glow of dozens of bottles of aging scotch, brandy, cognac, a veritable metropolis of liquorâthe Pine Bar at the Millennium Hotel in Mayfair was much more Litvinenko's speed, he thought to himself as he followed Lugovoy out of the hotel lobby and into the dark atmosphere of the bar. The other two Russians were already at the table, drinks in front of them. Litvinenko took an empty seat
between Lugovoy and the other man that he had met that morning at the hotelâanother former agent, he believed, though he wasn't sure if he had ever met the man before that day. Lugovoy had already told them in the lobby that their meeting would be briefâreally just a toast to their continued relationship, and the possibility that they would be working together in the future. The meeting had to be rushed because the other men were headed to a football game, at Emirates Stadium, which would already be filling up with the faithful. Funny, Litvinenko thought to himself, that Berezovsky would be at the same game, though Litvinenko didn't think there was any connection. These men still went back and forth to Moscow, and presumably were now in good graces with the government there. They had made their money and contacts, no doubt in the same gray edge where Litvinenko plied his trade.
The meeting did indeed go quickly; the conversation remained light and amiable, they didn't get too deep into business, and then Litvinenko was on his way. Because of the late hour, he had arranged a ride home with one of his closest friends in London, an exileâand former terrorist leader, according to the Kremlinâa man named Akhmed Zakayev.
Funny how life worked. In a former life, they had been on two sides locked in a battle marked by bombings, assassinations, murder. Now they were carpooling through the narrow streets of London.
November 2, 2006, 2 a.m.,
Muswell Hill, London
A
FLECK OF SILVERY DUST,
no bigger than a grain of sand, suspended in a microscopic gel. Spinning, twirling, pirouetting within a viscous bolus of saliva. Mouth, to pharynx, to esophagus, dragged ever downward by the twin engines of muscle fiber and gravity. A fleck, a tiny microgram of material that, in even smaller quantities, existed all over natureâin plants and soil and even human cellsâbut in this form, at this weight, could only have been created and processed in a handful of highly sophisticated laboratories. A molecule, at this weight, was so incredibly rare that only three nations had the ability to manufacture it. So spectacularly uncommon, it wasn't discovered until the nineteenth century, by a woman made famous by discovering rare and uncommon elements, who still had found herself so intrigued by this particular particle, she'd named it after the country of her birth.
A silvery, infinitesimally small flake, twisting, dancing, bouncing against the esophageal wallsâand as it went, spewing a constant exhaust of even smaller flakes, that grew together into a billowing,
angry, atomic cloud: alpha particles, overexcited helium nuclei, obscenely swollen by a pair of neutrons and a pair of protons. Each too big and heavy to pass through anything thicker than a sheet of paperâand yet, within the confines of a human body, releasing a cloud of devastating power, anywhere from two hundred fifty thousand to a million times more deadly than hydrogen cyanide, destroying every cell it touched. First, the stratified squamous cells of the esophagus; the merest glance of the alpha particles turned these cells inside out, tearing through their fragile walls, causing them to implode. Then on down, into the stomach, spreading out across the mucosa and into the gastric pits; ripping into the individual cells and rending them apart, causing large gashes of inflammation, boring into each cell's center, bombarding the fragile DNA within until the strands weakened, bowed, then shattered.
On it wentâthrough the dying stomach lining, through the ruptured intestinal walls, into the bloodstream, hijacking the platelets and white blood cells to traverse the highways and byways of the circulatory system, spreading to each and every organ, one by one: the kidneys, the liver, the spleen. Finding the lymphatic nodes, the lungs, the skin, the hair, the bone marrow, and eventually, the heart.
One fleck of silvery dust, churning like the meltdown of a nuclear reactor through the body of the man as he slept next to his ballroom dancer, in the quiet suburb of North London.
â¢Â  â¢Â  â¢
Sometime between midnight and dawn, Litvinenko suddenly came awake, as a knifelike pain tore through his lower abdomen. He hunched forward into a fetal ball, then rolled carefully out of bed, trying not to wake Marina. They had gone to bed fairly late, having enjoyed their favorite meal together, a chicken dish he'd mastered as a
bachelor during his agency training. It was a meal he could prepare in his sleep; he doubted he'd undercooked anything in a way that might be causing him such a fierce bout of gastric distress.
As he stumbled into the bathroom and leaned over the open toilet, his thoughts shifted through his dayâthe morning at the Soho hotel, the sushi bar on Piccadilly, Berezovsky's office, the Pine Bar at the Mayfair. Could it have been the sushi? He didn't drink alcohol, but he believed he'd had a sip of green tea with Lugovoy and the other Russians, really just to be polite. Hardly the sort of thing that could be causing the intense cramping and searing pain he was now experiencing.
He leaned forward, and it felt like his insides were coming out. Again and again, he retched into the toilet, until he could hear Marina stirring in the bedroom.
Food poisoningâit had to be.
Although he'd had food poisoning before, he didn't remember it feeling this severe. It was like being on fire on the inside, a bizarre, unsettling sensation. He retched again, the muscles of his stomach snarling into a vicious knot beneath his skin. An awful, horrible feeling; but he reminded himself he'd been through worse. Hell, he'd spent most of a year in one of the most soul-crushing prisons in the world. He could handle a piece of bad sushi.
“Are you okay, Sasha?” he heard from the bedroom.
He coughed up a speck of bile, then exhaled, forcing a smile.
“I'll live. But I might be in here a while.”
Then his stomach convulsed again, and he leaned back over the toilet, his insides still swirling with that strange intensity, the likes of which he'd never felt before.
November 23, 2006, 9:21 p.m.
University College Hospital, London, Quarantine Unit, ICU
W
HEN ALEXANDER LITVINENKO'S HEART
seized for the final time, ending three devastating weeks of a slow, horrific deterioration, he was certain he knew why he was about to die, and believed he finally understood what was about to kill him, even though the exact sequence of events that had led to his death would remain one of the greatest stories of the decade.
Although he had been first admitted to Barnet General Hospital in London on November 4, two days after he'd fallen ill, it wasn't until a week later that doctors began to suspect he'd been poisoned. By November 13, specialists had tested samples of his urine, blood, hair, and skin, and were convinced he was suffering from an immense dose of thalliumâa tasteless, odorless heavy metal, deadly in even small dosesâbut sometimes treatable, if discovered soon enough. He was immediately given the antidoteâPrussian blue, a synthetic pigment used in certain paints, that also had the unique property of being able to trap thallium in the small intestine, limiting the amount of damage it could do to the human body.
Two days later, despite the Prussian blue, Litvinenko was in critical condition. His formerly athletic body had become nearly skeletal, his hair had fallen out, he was unable to stand, and he was in such pain that he was unable to swallow or take any food. On November 17, he was moved to University College Hospital, and a major police investigation began; specialists from all over Britain were called in, and tissue, urine, and blood samples were sent to labs all over the world. Three days later, he was placed in intensive care, and his gathered friends, family, and colleagues distributed photos of himâhis decimated, bedridden form, barely more than a corpseâto the international press.
It wasn't until yesterday, November 22, that his samples had finally made their way to the British Atomic Weapons Establishmentâa military lab specializing in combating nuclear terrorism. Twenty four hours laterâat 7:30 p.m. on the 23rd, less than two hours agoâthe true method of poisoning had finally been discovered: polonium 210âa radioactive material, that, though found in minute amounts in nature, could not be manufactured in significant amounts except with the use of a nuclear reactor.
The implications of such a bizarre murder weapon were immense and made Litvinenko instantly famous, perhaps the first case of nuclear assassination. Strange, he might have thought to himself, had his body and brain not been racked by the horrors of an internal atomic meltdown, how a bit player, a member of the chorus, had suddenly exploded into the forefront, not through anything he'd done in life, but in the way he was going to die.
As Scotland Yard's investigation went into full swingâa high-tech mouse hunt involving dozens of police officers, scientists, and antiterrorism agents. It became instantly evident that the method of the murder, though probably designed to be a silent, unstoppable killer,
since polonium 210 is an isotope with a half-life that should have been short enough for all traces to disappear from Litvinenko's body within a month's timeâwould also yield clues backward, maybe to the killers themselvesâbecause the dose had been so great, the material so difficult to control, and the effects so sudden, that the trail of radiation would likely be detectableâmaybe even all the way back to its source.
The minute the specialists, garbed in protective suits, their radiation detection equipment at the ready, began following Litvinenko's reconstructed movements of the day before he'd first become illâNovember 1âthey'd discovered an incredible road map of varyingly powerful alpha particles running like glowing silver veins across the city of Londonâand beyond. Beginning at the Pine Bar, where seven employees of the hotel would test positive for polonium, to the seat where Litvinenko had been sitting, even to the painting that had hung behind him on the wallâand from there, backward. Polonium had been found in the bus he had taken that day, as well as at 7 Down Street, in Berezovksy's office. Traces had been found in the sushi bar on Piccadilly, in the hotel room where he had met Lugovoy that morning. Then even further back, to multiple cities across Europe, as well as on two British Airways flights. The trail went cold, as the investigators followed it back to Moscow, where the Russian authorities shut them down, insisting that the plot had more to do with British Intelligence, which they believed had their own connections with Litvinenko and a reason to smear the Russian state, than with a pair of former FSB agents who were involved in the dark goings-on in Litvinenko's shadowy world.