The Admiral and the Ambassador (48 page)

14
. Dyer diary, December 21, 1897.

15
. Sims to his mother, May 30, 1897, Personal Correspondence, box 4, folder FE-JE 1897, William S. Sims Papers.

16
. Porter to Hanna, July 13, 1897, box 3, Letter Book, May 24, 1897–November 10, 1902, Horace Porter Papers.

17
. Michael Burns,
Dreyfus: A Family Affair, from the French Revolution to the Holocaust
(New York: HarperCollins, 1991), 171–72.

18
. For a deeply researched and highly readable look at the European colonization of Africa, see Thomas Pakenham,
The Scramble for Africa: White Man's Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912
(New York: Random House, 1991). For details on King Leopold's crimes against humanity, see Adam Hochschild,
King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa
(New York: Houghton Mifflin, Harcourt, 1998).

19
. Porter to Hanna, July 13, 1897, box 3, Letter Book, May 24, 1897–November 10, 1902, Horace Porter Papers.

20
. For a good discussion of the religious and class tensions in Paris at the time, see Geoffrey Cubitt, “Martyrs of Charity, Heroes of Solidarity: Catholic and Republican Response to the Fire at the
Bazar de la Charité,
Paris 1897,”
French History
21, no. 3 (2007): 331–352.

21
. Details from Edwin O. Sachs, “The Paris Charity Bazaar Fire,” reprinted in
Red Books of the British Fire Prevention Committee
(London: British Fire Prevention Committee, 1899), 16.

22
. Elsie Porter Mende diary entry, October 25, 1897, private collection of granddaughter Karin Schindler.

23
. For detailed analyses of the forces that led to the Spanish-American War, see David F. Trask,
The War with Spain in 1898
(New York: Macmillan, 1997) and Philip S. Foner,
The Spanish-Cuban-American War and the Birth of American Imperialism,
vols. 1 and 2 (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1972).

24
. Trask,
War with Spain,
3–7.

6. OF WAR AND HEROES

1
. Porter to Sherman, July 13, 1897, box 3, Letter Book, May 24, 1897–November 10, 1902, Horace Porter Papers.

2
. Porter to Bliss, August 10, 1897, box 2, Letter Book, May 24, 1897–November 10, 1902, Horace Porter Papers.

3
. Dyer letter to his wife, August 18, 1897, box 13, folder B, George Leland Dyer Papers (#340).

4
. “Canovas Murdered,”
New York Times,
August 9, 1897.

5
. Porter to Sherman, August 19, 1897, box 3, Letter Book, May 24, 1897–November 10, 1902, Horace Porter Papers.

6
. Trask,
War with Spain,
17.

7
. Unless otherwise noted, the source for Elsie Porter's quotes are her diaries.

8
. For a good overview of the time, see chapter 24 in James McGrath Morris,
Pulitzer: A Life in Politics, Print, and Power
(New York: Harper, 2010).

9
. Mende diary entries for March 4, 1898, and March 6, 1898.

10
. Mende diary entry March 8, 1898.

11
. These details are drawn primarily from Trask,
War with Spain,
and Foner,
Spanish-Cuban-American.
Also see Evan Thomas,
The War Lovers: Roosevelt, Lodge, Hearst, and the Rush to Empire, 1898
(New York: Little, Brown, 2010).

12
. “Dewey Praised by President,”
New York Times,
May 3, 1898.

13
. “Take Ship at Home,”
Chicago Tribune,
May 3, 1898.

14
. Details are drawn from the National Historic Landmark application for the gravesite, available at National Park Service,
www.nps.gov/nhl/Spring2012Nominations/FarragutGravesite.pdf
.

7. JONES: THE FALL

1
. For more details on that fascinating escape, see
Fanning's Narrative,
72–76; and chapter 14 in Morison,
John Paul Jones.
Unless otherwise noted, Jones's life as depicted here is drawn from these two works.

2
.
Fanning's Narrative,
79–80.

3
. Ibid., 112.

4
. For a good overview of the history of the bust, see chapter 7 in Charles Henry Hart and Edward Biddle,
Memoirs of the Life and Works of Jean Antoine Houdon
(Philadelphia, printed for the authors, 1911).

5
. Morison,
John Paul Jones,
296.

6
. Fanning provides details on these stories, but Morison, finding no other mention anywhere that they had transpired, disbelieved that they had happened.

7
. Fanning stayed behind in Lorient, and Jones figures no further in his memoirs.

8
.
Life and Correspondence of John Paul Jones,
387. And for details on Catherine II, see Robert K. Massie's masterful
Catherine the Great: Portrait of a Woman
(New York: Random House, 2011). Her intersections with Jones's life are in 509–514.

9
. The letters are reprinted in, among other places, Massie,
Catherine the Great,
511.

10
. The historical record has conflicting translated spellings of these Russian names; I opted for the spellings that seem most authentic.

11
. There is some dispute over exactly when this occurred. I use Morison's timing, but Evan Thomas writes in
John Paul Jones: Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003) that he believes it occurred on the next night, after the Turkish fleet had moved westward under the protection of the fort.

12
. Details of Taylor's trip are drawn from chapter 25 of de Koven,
Life and Letters.

8. WAR IN CUBA, PEACE IN PARIS

1
. All quotes attributed to Elsie Porter Mende are drawn from her unpublished diaries, April through August 1898.

2
. It's unclear who this is. She didn't identify him further in the diaries, but based on other references in her diaries it seems to have been Lieutenant Harvey Millard Horton of the 71st Infantry regiment of New York.

3
. Porter to Day, May 24, 1898, record group 59, Dispatches from U.S. Ministers to France, 1789–1906, National Archives, College Park, MD.

4
. Porter to Day, June 7, 1898, ibid. Porter often sent several separate reports to Washington each day.

5
. Porter to Day, June 7, 1898, ibid.

6
. Porter to Day, June 3 and June 7, 1898, ibid.

7
. “As Seen in London,”
New York Times,
June 19, 1898.

8
. Porter to Day, June 21, 1898, record group 59, Dispatches from U.S. Ministers to France, 1789–1906, National Archives.

9
. Trask,
War with Spain,
424–425.

10
. Porter to McKinley, September 6, 1898, box 2, Letter Book, May 24, 1897–November 10, 1902, Horace Porter Papers.

11
. Captain. A. T. Mahan, “John Paul Jones in the Revolution,”
Scribner's Magazine
, July 1898.

12
. Gowdy to Landis, January 2, 1899, refers to Landis letter to Gowdy, November 25, 1898, included in Stewart,
John Paul Jones: Commemoration,
195–196.

9. THE MISSING GRAVE

1
. “Thanksgiving Event in Paris,”
New York Times,
November 25, 1898.

2
. Gowdy to Landis, January 2, 1899, included in Stewart,
John Paul Jones: Commemoration,
195–196.

3
. See the “Editor's Preface” to the 1912 version, edited and annotated by John S. Barnes for the Naval History Society; and “Monthly List” of new titles in the
Monthly Register,
March 1, 1897.

4
.
Fanning's Narrative,
44–45, 52–53.

5
. James Fenimore Cooper,
Lives of Distinguished American Naval Officers,
vol. 2 (Philadelphia: Carey and Hart, 1846), 111.

6
. “A Tale of the — of John Paul Jones,”
Collections, Historical and Miscellaneous, and Monthly Literary Journal,
February 1824, 54.

7
. See Donald Darnell's “Cooper's Problematic Pilot: ‘Unrighteous Ambition' in a Patriotic Cause,” in
James Fenimore Cooper: His Country and His Art, Papers from the Bicentennial Conference, July 1989,
ed. George A. Test (Oneonta, NY: SUNY, 1991).

8
.
Time Piece,
November 24, 1797; friendship detail from de Koven,
Life and Letters,
265.

9
. The spellings of the mother's and daughter's names have been scrambled in different accounts. The book the family published based on Jones's letters lists the “Janet” spelling for the mother, so I have gone with that, and assigned the “Janette” spelling to the daughter:
Memoirs of Paul Jones
(Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1830), 3.

10
. “Paul Jones,”
Niles' Weekly Register,
July 1, 1820, reprinted from the
New York Commercial Advertiser.
The history of Jones's letters, and what material Hyslop possessed and from what source, are blurry in the historical record. This is cobbled from the introductions to the British and American editions of Jones's letters based on the Taylor collection,
Memoirs of Rear Admiral Paul Jones
(Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1830), vi-viii; and de Koven,
Life and Letters,
viii.

11
. Jefferson to Sherburne, February 14, 1825, reprinted in John H. Sherburne,
The Life and Character of John Paul Jones,
2nd ed. (New York: Adriance, Sherman, 1861), ix.

12
. “Art. XXXVII. Life and Character of the Chevalier John Paul Jones,”
New-York Review and Atheneum Magazine,
November 1825.

13
.
Life and Correspondence of John Paul Jones,
4.

14
. Details on Pinkham's role in renovating Jones's boyhood home are drawn from “Lieutenant A. B. Pinkham,”
Dumfries and Galloway Courier,
July 30, 1834, by the unidentified editor of the newspaper, reprinted in the bound collection
The Military
and Naval Magazine of the United States,
vol. 11 (Washington, DC: Benjamin Homas, 1836), 128–136.

15
. Cooper to Simms, January 5, 1844, reprinted in
The Letters and Journals of James Fenimore Cooper,
ed. James Franklin Beard (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1964).

16
. “New Light Upon the Career of John Paul Jones,”
US Naval Institute Proceedings
33, pt. 1 (1907): 692.

17
. Jones,
Paris,
212–213.

18
. Ibid., 70–71.

19
. Some details on Read's life are available at the Virtual Museum of French Protestantism,
www.museeprotestant.org
.

20
. “The Contributors' Club: Paul Jones's Funeral,”
Atlantic Monthly,
May 1890; Charles Read, “Le Héros d'un Roman de Fenimore Cooper,”
La Correspondance Littéraire,
March 20, 1859, 172–173; “Burial of Paul Jones,”
Russell's Magazine,
June 1859.

21
.
Bulletin Historique et Littéraire
(Paris: Société de l'Histoire du Protestantisme Fran¸ais, 1877), 136–141.

10. A BRUSH WITH FAME

1
. Details drawn from the US District Court-New Hampshire website,
www.nhd.uscourts.gov/ci/history/jdc.asp#JSS
, accessed October 3, 2012.

2
. While the authenticity seems uncertain (it's based on self-reporting by previous owners of the paintings), the portraits were credited to King in Andrew J. Cosentino,
The Paintings of Charles Bird King (1785–1862)
(Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1978).

3
. The portraits are in the possession of Sherburne descendant Susan Noftsker of Albuquerque, New Mexico, who was kind enough to share photos of the framed portraits with me.

4
.
Taylor v. Sherburne,
case no. 13,805, reprinted in
The Federal Cases Comprising Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States,
bk. 23 (St. Paul, MN: West Publishing, 1896), 805.

5
. See Sherburne's introduction to John Wood,
The Suppressed History of the Administration of John Adams
(Philadelphia: Walker and Gillis, 1846).

6
. Sherburne to Polk, September 30, 1845, reel 42, Letters of James K. Polk, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

7
. “John Adams,”
Southern and Western Literary Messenger and Review,
September 1847.

8
. Sherburne to Webster, January 8, 1851, manuscript 851108.1, Rauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH.

9
. Letter from Rush to Sherburne, reprinted in the second edition of John Henry Sherburne's
Life and Character of John Paul Jones
(New York: Adriance, Sherman, 1851), 370–371.

10
.
Leicestershire Mercury,
March 18, 1848.

11
. Sherburne to Webster, January 8, 1851.

12
. For this and the ensuing quotes, see letters among Sherburne, Sands, and Graham, in John Paul Jones, ZB files, Navy Department Library, Naval History and Heritage Command, Washington, DC.

11. THE SEARCH BEGINS

1
. Harry J. Sievers, ed.,
Benjamin Harrison: 1833–1901, Chronology, Documents, Bibliographical Aids
(Dobbs Ferry, NY: Ocean Publications, 1969), 26–28; Charles W. Calhoun,
Benjamin Harrison
(New York: Times Books, 2005), 162–163.

2
. Harry J. Sievers,
Benjamin Harrison, Hoosier President: The White House Years and After
(Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1968), 265–272.