The Jim Crow Laws and Racism in United States History (11 page)

National Negro Conference, 41

Niagara Movement, 40, 41

Nixon, Edgar, 66–67, 70–71

O

Ovington, Mary White, 41

P

Parks, Rosa, 65–71

Plessy, Homer, 31–33

Plessy v. Ferguson
, 6, 32–33, 58

R

Reconstruction, 12–16, 23

Reeb, Jesse, 79, 84

Revels, Hiram, 13

Rice, Thomas “Daddy,” 18

Rockefeller, John D., 37

Roosevelt, Theodore, 37, 75

S

sit-ins, 71–73

Sweatt, Herman, 56

Sweatt v. Painter
, 56–57

T

Taft, William Howard, 37, 54

369th Infantry, 76

Till, Emmett, 81–82

Tuskegee Airmen, 76

Tuskegee Institute, 35–37, 76

Twenty-fourth Amendment, 84

V

Vinson, Fred, 58–59

W

Warren, Earl, 6–7, 59–60

Washington, Booker T., 34–42, 44

Wells, Ida B., 38–39, 43

Wright, Richard, 49, 51

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Dedicated to Sonja, my true love

Copyright © 2000, 2014 by David K. Fremon.

All rights reserved.

Originally published as
The Jim Crow Laws and Racism in American History
in 2000.

No part of this book may be reproduced by any means without the written permission of the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Fremon, David K.
[Jim Crow laws and racism in American history]
The Jim Crow laws and racism in United States history / David K. Fremon.
pages cm. — (In United States history)
Original edition published under title: Jim Crow laws and racism in
American history. Berkeley Heights, NJ : Enslow, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7660-6092-0
1. African Americans—Civil rights—Southern States—History—19th century—Juvenile literature. 2. African Americans—Segregation—Southern States—History—19th century—Juvenile literature. 3. African Americans— Legal status, laws, etc.—Southern States—History. 4. Southern States— Race relations— Juvenile literature. 5. Racism—Southern States—History —Juvenile literature. 6. African Americans—History—1863-1877—Juvenile literature. 7. African Americans—History—1877–1964—Juvenile literature.
I. Title.
E185.92.F74 2014
323.1196’073075—dc23
2013050753

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Cover Illustration:
Library of Congress

Cover Caption:
Marchers with signs at the March on Washington, 1963. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, African Americans and their supporters staged marches like this one to protest the continued segregation of public facilities.

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