The Myth of Nazareth: The Invented Town of Jesus (85 page)

^[527]
 
NTA
(1991) I.423–24.

^[528]
  The
Protevangelium
(16.2) makes it clear that Mary’s perpetual chastity had been entrusted to Joseph for safeguarding.

^[529]
 
PrJa
8:3; 17:1. Coincidentally, Julius Africanus locates Nazareth in Judea (
Euseb. Eccl. Hist
. I.7).

^[530]
 
Suriano 160.

^[531]
  Both Luke and the
Protevangelium
have the manger. But in the latter, Jesus is placed in a manger to hide him from the soldiers of Herod (22.2). Luke lacks the massacre of the babies.

^[532]
 
See Koester I:395.

^[533]
 
NTA
v. 1, pp. 421
ff
.

^[534]
 
Ibid
. p. 430.

^[535]
 
Kopp 1939–40:117. The German offers an extended review of the history of the Church of St. Gabriel at Kopp 1939:253–285.

^[536]
  Kopp 1963:258.

^[537]
  Kopp 1939:261.

^[538]
 
Geyer 1898:112.

^[539]
  Kopp 1939:264.

^[540]
  Kopp 1963:75. A plan of this waterworks is at Kopp 1938:257.

^[541]
  Kopp 1939:276, 277.

^[542]
  We shall consider the detailed topography of the venerated area below.

^[543]
                   Bagatti 1960:319 (fig. 599).

^[544]
  Bagatti knew the Jewish tomb prohibition, for he mentions it already in 1937. See Baldi-Bagatti 1937:245 [23].

^[545]
  A strident anti-Nazareth stance is reflected in all four canonical gospels. The hillside venue of the village is discussed at Bagatti 1955:24.

^[546]
 
Num 9:6; 19:11, 16, 18; 31:19.

^[547]
 
Midrash Bava Batra
2:9.

^[548]
  The ell contained two spans (
zeret
), each made up of three handbreadths (
efa
) of four fingers (
eba
). A slightly larger ell is also mentioned at Ezek 40:5 and 43:13 (one handbreadth larger than the traditional ell).

^[549]
 
E.g
., Epiphanius: “Until the reign of Constantine Nazareth had only Jewish inhabitants” (
Haer
. 1.136). Points (a) and (b) are discussed in Chapter 6; points (c) and (d) in Chapter 4.

^[550]
  Chapter 4, pp. 158
ff
.

^[551]
  Bagatti 1960:318. See Chapter 2, p. 77.

^[552]
  Bagatti 1960:328. The four soundings are: (a) 150 m from the Virgin’s Fountain on the Tiberias Road; (b) higher up the hillside next to Mary’s Well; (c) to the west of the Convent of the Dames de Nazareth; (d) south of the last-mentioned (exact location unspecified).

^[553]
  Bagatti 1960:326.

^[554]
  Kopp 1938:207.

^[555]
  Calculated from Tomb 73 to the 400 m contour line.

^[556]
 
Dalman 65.

^[557]
  Kopp 1938:189.

^[558]
  “Nazareth,”
DJBP
:449.

^[559]
  Bagatti 1960:319 (fig. 599), marked “Ville antique.”

^[560]
  Asad Mansur (Sa‘d Ibn Mansur), History of Nazareth: From its Remotest Times to the Present Days. Cairo: Al Hillal, 1924 (338 pp., Arabic).

^[561]
  See Illus. 5.2.

^[562]
  Wenn er darum in einer Höhle rechts vom Eingang vom Grundstück von U.L. Frau vom Schrecken ebenfalls Gräber “von der Art der Kokim” signalisiert, so ist Zurückhaltung geboten. Kopp 1938:207, n. 2.

^[563]
  See Chapter 2, pp. 65
ff
; Chapter 3, 107
f
; and above p. ́́́́́́222.

^[564]
  E. Meyers and J. Strange 1981:56.

^[565]
 
ABD
, “Nazareth,” p. 1050.

^[566]
  1 hectare = 10,000 square meters (the area of a square with sides of 100 m) = 2.471 acres.

^[567]
  Bagatti 1960:328.

^[568]
  ἕωϛ ο͗ϕρὐοϛ του̑ ο͗ʹρουϛ ἐϕ̕ οὐ̑ ἡ πόλιϛ αὐτω̑ν ὠ͕κοδόμητο.

^[569]
  Kopp 1938:260.

^[570]
  For the locations of the CJ and CA within the Nazareth basin, see Chapter 1, Illus. 1.3.

^[571]
  Bagatti 1955:6.

^[572]
  Viaud 141.

^[573]
  In 1754 the Franciscans took possession of the area above the putative house of St. Joseph and built a chapel there. It was destroyed by earthquake in 1838, and a second edifice constructed. The third edifice and present CJ dates to 1914.

^[574]
  The only fairly level area is in the venerated area is the western portion of the CA, where no habitations are claimed.

^[575]
 
Kopp 1938:189.

^[576]
 
Exc
:220.

^[577]
  Chapter 1, pp. 49
ff
.

^[578]
  Bagatti 1955:6.

^[579]
  Kopp 1938:187.

^[580]
 
EAEHL
, “Nazareth,” p. 922.

^[581]
 
Exc
. 52–60.

^[582]
  Viaud 35.

^[583]
 
Revue Biblique
XL (1931), p. 556. Cf. Chapter 2, p. 65.

^[584]
 
Exc
. 67.

^[585]
  “Nazareth,”
OEANE
, 1997.

^[586]
 
Exc
. 234.

^[587]
  Bagatti 1960:328.

^[588]
  Kopp 1938:191.

^[589]
  Grotto A-R at Viaud fig. 36 (p. 81).

^[590]
  Viaud 115.

^[591]
 
Exc
. 52–57.

^[592]
 
Exc
. 51, 179–80, and Fig. 137. The pear-shaped silos have diameters of 5–6 feet. The same situation exists under the Church of St. Joseph (see below).

^[593]
 
Exc
. 182 and Fig. 137.

^[594]
  See
Exc
. 183 and Fig. 137, top.

^[595]
  Aviam 2004:90.

^[596]
  Bagatti Nos. 34–38.
Cf
. Viaud Fig. 36 (p. 81).

^[597]
  A, B, and C have been added to reflect this work.

^[598]
  Taylor 250. Bagatti discusses the complex of the press at
Exc
. 52
ff
.
Cf
.
EAEHL
922.

^[599]
  No. 41 in Illus. 5.4.

^[600]
  On these capitals see Folda 1986; Barash 1964. Viaud describes the discovery on pages 55–57 of his book.

^[601]
  Chp. 2:9.

^[602]
 
The slope is also given in
Exc
. Fig. 36 (p. 77).

^[603]
  Viaud 61.

^[604]
  This is Bagatti’s No. 40 (
Exc
. Fig. 16, p.47, discussion pp. 60–62).

^[605]
  Viaud Fig. 64.