The Norman Conquest (68 page)

12
   Above, 202, 215, 218.

13
  
Waltham Chronicle
, ed. Watkiss and Chibnall, 15, 35;
Carmen
, 40–3; Clarke,
English Nobility
, 154; Fleming,
Kings and Lords
, 171.

14
   In general see ibid., 145–82 (and 163, 166–7, 169 and 180 for the examples cited).

15
   Ibid., 153–8.

16
   Ibid., 160–1, 176–8.

17
   Ibid., 178–9.

18
   DA. Carpenter,
The Struggle for Mastery: Britain 1066–1284
(2003), 81–2; OV, ii, 262–3.

19
  
Historia Ecclesie Abbendonensis
, ed. Hudson, ii, 6–7.

20
   WM,
Gesta Pontificum
, 426–7; WM,
Saints’ Lives
, 130–1.

21
  
EHD
, ii, 897–8.

22
   Liddiard,
Castles in Context
, 28–30.

23
   S. Painter, ‘Castle-Guard’ and L. Butler, ‘The Origins of the Honour of Richmond and its Castles’, both in
Anglo-Norman Castles
, ed. R. Liddiard (Woodbridge, 2003), 91–104, 203–10. See also H. M. Thomas, ‘Subinfeudation and Alienation of Land, Economic Development and the Wealth of Nobles on the Honor of Richmond, 1066 to
c
. 1300’,
Albion
, 26 (1994), 397–417.

24
   Carpenter,
Struggle for Mastery
, 85–6; Williams,
English and the Norman Conquest
, 74–5; R. Abels, ‘Sheriffs, Lord-Seeking and the Norman Settlement of the South-East Midlands’,
ANS
, 19 (1997), 23–31.

25
   In general see Fleming,
Kings and Lords,
183–214 (188–9 for Richard fitz Gilbert).

26
   Abels, ‘Sheriffs, Lord-Seeking’, 32–40. See also J. Green, ‘The Sheriffs of William the Conqueror’,
ANS
, 5 (1983), 129–43.

27
  
EHD
, ii, 431–2.

28
   Fleming,
Kings and Lords
, 205–6.

29
  
EHD
, ii, 449–51. For comment, see J. Le Patourel, ‘The Reports on the Trial on Penenden Heath’,
Studies in Medieval History Presented to Frederick Maurice Powicke
, ed. R. W Hunt, W. A. Pan tin and R. W Southern (Oxford, 1948); D. Bates, ‘Land Pleas of William Is Reign: Penenden Heath Revisited’,
Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research,
51 (1978), 1–19; A. Cooper, ‘Extraordinary Privilege: The Trial of Penenden Heath and the Domesday Inquest’,
EHR
, 116 (2001), 1167–92.

30
   OV, ii, 266–7; Thomas of Marlborough,
History of the Abbey of Evesham
, 176–7; Fleming,
Kings and Lords
, 189–91.

31
   OV, ii, 270–81 (cf. 94–5); E. M. C. van Houts, ‘The Memory of 1066 in Written and Oral Traditions’,
ANS
, 19 (1997), 176–7.

CHAPTER 17

1
  OV, iii, 108–11;
ASC
D and E, 1079; JW, iii, 30–3.

2
  OV, ii, 102–5, 110–13; Bates,
Conqueror
, 163;
The Register of Pope Gregory VII
, ed. H. E. Cowdrey (Oxford, 2002), 358–9.

3
 
RRAN
, 81.

4
  JW, iii, 30–7; Kapelle,
Norman Conquest of the North
, 138–40.

5
  Ibid., 140–2; SD,
Libellus
, 218–21; SD,
History
, 152. Odo was in Caen in July 1080: E. Miller, ‘The Ely Land Pleas in the Reign of William I’,
EHR
, 62 (1947), 444, n2.

6
  Barlow,
Confessor
, 174–5, 2O5; above, 226;
ASC
E, 1087.

7
  Ibid.; K. Mew, ‘The Dynamics of Lordship and Landscape as Revealed in a Domesday Study of the
Nova Foresta’, ANS
, 23 (2001), 155. In general see C. R. Young,
The Royal Forests of
Medieval England
(Leicester, 1979). Cf. D. Jørgensen, ‘The Roots of the English Royal Forest’,
ANS
, 32 (2010), 114–28.

8
  JW, iii, 92–3; F. Baring, ‘The Making of the New Forest’,
EHR,
16 (1901), 427–38. See also OV, v, 282–5; WM,
Gesta Regum,
504–5, 508–9.

9
  Davies,
Age of Conquest
, 24–34; OV, ii, 260–3.

10
   Davies,
Age of Conquest
, 33; D. Crouch, ‘The Slow Death of Kingship in Glamorgan, 1067–1158’,
Morgannwg
, 29 (1985),
20–8; ASC
E, 1081.

11
   Ibid.;
The History of Gruffydd ap Cynan
, trans. A. Jones (Manchester, 1910), 128–31.

12
  
ASC
C and D, 1036; E, 1052; D and E, 1065; WM,
Saints’ Lives,
100–3.

13
   Pelteret, ‘Slave Raiding’, 108–9; Wyatt, ‘Significance of Slavery’, 345–7.

14
   WP, 174–5;
Carmen
, 12–13; WM,
Gesta Regum
, 496–9; Pelteret, ‘Slave Raiding’, 113;
EHD
, ii, 400.

15
  
Chepstow Castle: Its History and Its Buildings
, ed. R. Turner and A. Johnson (Logaston, 2006), 15–42.

16
   Ibid.; Fernie,
Architecture
, 61–7. Cf.
The History of the King’s Works: The Middle Ages
, ed. H. M. Colvin (2 vols., HMSO, 1963), i, 32.

17
   Fernie,
Architecture
, 55–61.

18
  
RRAN
, 77, 81; Fernie,
Architecture
, 32–3, 84, 98, 117–21, 304–5. See also J. C. Holt, ‘Colonial England, 1066–1215’, idem,
Colonial England
, 7, 12.

19
   P. Grierson, ‘The Monetary System Under William I’,
The Story of Domesday Book
, ed. R. W. H. Erskine and A. Williams (Chichester, 2003), 112–18.

20
   OV, iii, 232–41.

21
  
ASC
E, 1087.

CHAPTER 18

1
 
ASC
E, 1082; OV, iv, xxvii–xxx, 38–45;WM,
Gesta Regum
, 506–7. For the clash between Gregory VII and Henry IV, see Holland,
Millennium
, 349–90.

2
 
EHD
, ii, 644–9.

3
  OV, iv, 38–45; WM,
Gesta Regum
, 506–7;
RRAN
, 77, 81.

4
  WM,
Gesta Regum
, 501–3; OV, iv, 45–7.

5
  OV, iii, 102–3, 112–13; iv, 80–1; WM,
Gesta Regum
, 502–3; Bates,
Conqueror
, 170.

6
  Ibid., 161, 166, 170–2. Cf. Douglas,
Conqueror
, 243.

7
  OV, iv, 48–9.

8
  Above, 226, 270;
ASC
D and E, 1069, 1075; E, 1085; WM,
Gesta Regum
, 474–5, 480–1.

9
  Ibid., 482–3;
ASC
E, 1085; JW, iii, 42–3.

10
   WM,
Saints’Lives
, 130–1; J. R. Maddicott, ‘Responses to the Threat of Invasion, 1085’,
EHR
, 122 (2007), 986–91;
ASC
E, 1085.

11
   Ibid.; Maddicott, ‘Responses’, 986, 991–5.

12
   H. R. Loyn, ‘A General Introduction to Domesday Book’,
Story of Domesday Book
, ed. Erskine and Williams, 2; Carpenter,
Struggle for Mastery
, 103.

13
  
EHD
, ii, 530;
Domesday Book: A Complete Translation
, ed. A. Williams and G. H. Martin (2002), vii; S. Baxter, ‘Domesday Book’,
BBC History Magazine
, 11 (August 2010), 24.

14
  
EHD
, ii, 881–2; S. Baxter, ‘The Making of Domesday Book and the Languages of Lordship in Conquered England’,
Conceptualizing Multilingualism in England, c.800–c.1250
, ed. E. M. Tyler (Turnhout, 2012), 277–8, 299–303.

15
   Carpenter,
Struggle for Mastery
, 103.

16
   Baxter, ‘Making of Domesday’, 278–84; S. P. J. Harvey, ‘Domesday Book and Anglo-Norman Governance’,
TRHS
, 5th ser., 25 (1975), 175–93; idem, ‘Domesday Book and Its Predecessors’,
EHR
, 86 (1971), 753–73.

17
  
EHD
, ii, 879–83; C. P. Lewis, ‘The Domesday Jurors’,
Haskins Society Journal
, 5 (1993), 18–19; R. Fleming,
Domesday Book and the Law
(Cambridge, 1998), 12.

18
   Baxter, ‘Making of Domesday’, 284–7.

19
   R. Lennard,
Rural England, 1086–1135
(Oxford, 1959), 155–6. Cf. Fleming,
Domesday Book and the Law
, 2–3.

20
   R. Fleming, ‘Domesday Book and the Tenurial Revolution’,
ANS,
9 (1987), 88, 101. Fleming later increased her estimate of territorial grants from ‘almost a quarter’ to ‘over a third’: idem,
Kings and Lords
, 211–12.

21
   Fleming,
Domesday Book and the Law
, 1; Abels, ‘Sheriffs, Lord-Seeking’, 33–6.