The Social Animal (63 page)

20
It takes the average college student
Elaine Hatfield, Richard L. Rapson, and Yen-Chi L. Le, “Emotional Contagion and Empathy,” in
The Social Neuroscience of Empathy
, eds. Jean Decety and William John Ickes (Cambridge, MA:
MIT
Press, 2009), 21.

21
neuroscientist Marco Iacoboni notes
Marco Iacoboni,
Mirroring People: The New Science of How We Connect with Others
(New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2008), 4.

22
“When your friend has become”
Lewis, 34.

23
“free from all duties”
Lewis, 77.

24
Solomon Asch conducted
Andrew Newburg and Mark Robert Waldman,
Why We Believe What We Believe: Uncovering Our Biological Need for Meaning, Spirituality, and Truth
(New York: Free Press, 2006), 143-44.

25
Dean Ornish surveyed
Thomas Lewis, Fari Amini, and Richard Lannon,
A General Theory of Love
(New York: Vintage, 2001), 80.

26
“Words are inadequate”
Jonathan Haidt,
The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom
(New York: Basic Books, 2006), 237.

27
“Animals have sex”
Allan Bloom,
Love and Friendship
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), 19.

28
[*”Love you? I *]
am
[* you.”*] Lewis, 95.

29
“We are one”
John Milton,
Paradise Lost
, book 9, lines 958-59.

CHAPTER
14:
THE
GRAND
NARRATIVE

1
“There is no craving”
David Hume, “Of Interest,” in
Selected Essays
, eds. Stephen Copley and Andrew Edgar (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), 182.

2
Long-term unemployment
Don Peck, “How a New Jobless Era Will Transform America,”
The Atlantic
, March 2010,
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/03/how-a-new-jobless-era-will-transform-america/7919/
.

3
Ninety percent of drivers
Robert H. Frank,
The Economic Naturalist: In Search of Explanations for Everyday Enigmas
(New York: Basic Books, 2007), 129.

4
Ninety-four percent of college professors
Andrew Newburg and Mark Robert Waldman,
Why We Believe What We Believe: Uncovering Our Biological Need for Meaning, Spirituality, and Truth
(New York: Free Press, 2006), 73.

5
Ninety percent of entrepreneurs
Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein,
Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness
(Ann Arbor, MI: Caravan Books, 2008), 32.

6
Ninety-eight percent of students
Keith E. Stanovich,
What Intelligence Tests Miss: The Psychology of Rational Thought
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009), 109.

7
College students vastly overestimate
Daniel Gilbert,
Stumbling on Happiness
(New York: Vintage, 2007), 18.

8
Golfers on the
PGA
tour
Joseph T. Hallinan,
Why We Make Mistakes: How We Look Without Seeing, Forget Things in Seconds, and Are All Pretty Sure We Are Way Above Average
(New York: Broadway Books, 2009), 170.

9
Half of all students
David G. Myers,
Intuition: Its Powers and Perils
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004), 83.

10
Russo and Schoemaker
Hallinan, 167.

11
Brad Barber and Terrance Odean
Myers, 159.

12
Andrew Lo of MIT
Stephen J. Dubner, “This Is Your Brain on Prosperity,”
New York Times
, January 9, 2009,
http://freakonomics.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/09/this-is-your-brain-on-prosperity-andrew-lo-on-fear-greed-and-crisis-management/
.

13
Daniel Gilbert of Harvard
Gilbert, 180.

14
incompetent people exaggerate
Erica Goode, “Among the Inept, Researchers Discover, Ignorance Is Bliss,”
New York Times
, January 18, 2000,
http://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/18/health/among-the-inept-researchers-discover-ignorance-is-bliss.html
.

15
the more sectors they entered
Jerry Z. Muller, “Our Epistemological Depression,”
The American
, February 29, 2009,
http://www.american.com/archive/2009/february-2009/our-epistemological-depression
.

16
BPR
“escalates the efforts”
“Business Processing Reengineering,”
Wikipedia
,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_process_reengineering
.

17
John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keyes,
The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
(New York: Classic Books America, 2009), 331.

18
“If the better elements”
Plato,
Phaedrus
, trans. Alexander Nehamas and Paul Woodruff (New York: Hackett, 1995), 44.

19
In this scientific age
Francis Bacon, “Preface to the
Novum Organum,”
in
Prefaces and Prologues
, vol. 34, ed. Charles William Eliot (New York: P.F. Collier & Son, 1909-14;
Bartleby.com
, 2001),
http://www.bartleby.com/39/22.html
.

20
“Reason is to the philosopher”
Cesar Chesneau Dumarsais, “Philosophe,” in
Encyclopédie
, vol. 22, ed. Denis Diderot.

21
This mode, as Guy Claxton
Guy Claxton,
The Wayward Mind: An Intimate History of the Unconscious
(New York: Little, Brown Book Group, 2006).

22
Lionel Trilling diagnosed
Lionel Trilling,
The Liberal Imagination: Essays on Literature and Society
(New York: New York Review of Books, 2008), ix-xx.

23
“deals with introspection”
Robert Skidelsky,
Keynes: The Return of the Master
(New York: PublicAffairs, 2009), 81.

24
Paul Samuelson applied
Clive Cookson, Gillian Tett, and Chris Cook, “Organic Mechanics,”
Financial Times
, November 26, 2009,
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d0e6abde-dacb-11de-933d-00144feabdc0.html
.

25
George A. Akerlof and Robert Shiller
George A. Akerlof and Robert J. Shiller,
Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why It Matters
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), 1.

26
Jim Collins argues
Jim Collins, “How the Mighty Fall: A Primer on the Warning Signs,”
Businessweek
, May 14, 2009,
http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/09_21/b4132026786379.htm
.

[*
CHAPTER
15: *]
strong>MÉTIS

1
historian Johan Huizinga
John Lukacs,
Confessions of an Original Sinner
(South Bend, IN: St. Augustine’s Press, 2000), 39.

2
“Reason is and ought only”
David Hume,
A Treatise of Human Nature
, bk. 2, sect. 3 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2009), 286.

3
“We are generally”
Edmund Burke,
Reflections on the Revolution in France
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), 87.

4
“senses and imagination captivate”
Gertrude Himmelfarb,
The Roads to Modernity: The British, French, and American Enlightenments
(New York: Vintage, 2005), 76.

5
Level 2 is like Mr. Spock
Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein,
Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness
(Ann Arbor, MI: Caravan Books, 2008), 22.

6
The recall process
James Le Fanu,
Why Us?: How Science Rediscovered the Mystery of Ourselves
(New York: Vintage, 2010), 213.

7
Half had significant errors
Robert A. Burton,
On Being Certain: Believing You Are Right Even When You’re Not
(New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2008), 10.

8
201 prisoners in the United States
Joseph T. Hallinan,
Why We Make Mistakes: How We Look Without Seeing, Forget Things in Seconds, and Are All Pretty Sure We Are Way Above Average
(New York: Broadway Books, 2009), 41

9
Research by Taylor Schmitz
Taylor W. Schmitz, Eve De Rosa, and Adam K. Anderson, “Opposing Influences of Affective State Valence on Visual Cortical Encoding,”
Journal of Neuroscience
29, no. 22 (June 3, 2009): 7199-7207,
http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/short/29/22/7199
.

10
doctors who got the candy
Hallinan, 219.

11
sunny days
Norbert Schwarz and Gerald L. Clore, “Mood, Misattribution, and Judgments of Well-Being: Informative and Directive Functions of Affective States,”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
45, no. 3 (1983): 513-23,
http://sitemaker.umich.edu/norbert.schwarz/files/83_jpsp_schwarz_clore_mood.pdf
.

12
The bridge guys
Timothy D. Wilson,
Strangers to Ourselves: Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious
(Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2002), 101-102.

13
“We hear and apprehend”
Henry David Thoreau,
I To Myself: An Annotated Selection from the Journal of Henry D. Thoreau
, ed. Jeffrey S. Kramer (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007), 420.

14
A shooter who has made
John Huizinga and Sandy Weil, “Hot Hand or Hot Head: The Truth About Heat Checks in the
NBA
,”
MIT
Sloan Sports Analytics Conference, March 7, 2009,
http://web.me.com/sandy1729/sportsmetricians_consulting/Hot_Hand_files/HotHandMITConf03.pdf
.

15
When told he was a dancer
Robert E. Christiaansen, James D. Sweeney, and Kathy Ochalek, “Influencing Eyewitness Descriptions,”
Law and Human Behavior
7, no. 1 (March 1983), 59-65,
http://www.springerlink.com/content/xm1lm15u08w1q10h/
.

16
This project’s work
“Roots of Unconscious Prejudice Affect 90 to 95 percent of People,”
ScienceDaily
, September 30, 1998,
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1998/09/980930082237.htm
.

17
The prejudices against the elderly
Carey Goldberg, “Even Elders Reflect Broad Bias Against the Old, Study Finds,”
Boston Globe
, October 28, 2002, “
http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/225621771.html?FMT=ABS&date=Oct%2028,%202002
“:http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/225621771.html?FMT=ABS&date=Oct%2028,%202002.

18
They fear chain saws
David G. Myers,
Intuition: Its Powers and Perils
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004), 205.

19
Measured at its highest
Ap Dijksterhuis, Henk Aarts, and Pamela K. Smith, “The Power of the Subliminal: On Subliminal Persuasion and Other Potential Applications,” in
The New Unconscious
, eds. Ran R. Hassim, James S. Uleman, and John A. Bargh (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), 82.

20
Ian Waterman
Wilson, 19.

21
“choking on thought”
Jonah Lehrer,
How We Decide
(New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2009), 136.

22
Beatrice de Gelder
Benedict Carey, “Blind, Yet Seeing: The Brain’s Subconscious Visual Sense,”
New York Times
, December 23, 2008,
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/23/health/23blin.html
.

23
When scientists flash cards
Jonah Lehrer,
Proust Was a Neuroscientist
(New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2007), 184.

24
professional chicken sexers
Myers, 55.

25
[*movement of the *]
X
Wilson, 26-27.

26
“My body suddenly got cooler”
Benedict Carey, “In Battle, Hunches Prove to Be Valuable,”
New York Times
, July 28, 2009,
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/28/health/research/28brain.html
.