The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century (60 page)

hurdy-gurdies,
249
,
251

nakers,
249
,
251

organs,
249

pipes,
53
,
249

psalteries,
249
,
250

rebecs,
53
,
250

recorders,
249
,
251

sackbuts,
249
,
251
,
254

shawms,
249
,
251
,
254

tabors,
250

tambourines,
149
,
249

trumpets,
248
–19,
254

whistles,
249

musicians, minstrels,
12
,
53
,
141
,
161
,
189
,
198
,
248
–19,
274
,
304

musk 65,
118
,
198

mustard.
See
spices

myrrh,
200

nails,
23
,
93
,
98
,
138

Nájera,
209

names,
86
,
193

navigation,
123
–25,
136
,
140

Nazareth, archbishop of,
44

needles,
23
,
93

needlework,
164

Neith Cross,
206

nets.
See
hunting

Neuss,
310

Neville, Ralph,
155

Neville’s Cross, battle of,
45

New Bridge (Oxon),
125

New Year presents,
82

Newark 93,
214

Newarke Hospital,
154

Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
11
,
218
,
225
,
252

Nicopolis,
71

nightingales, 65

nightwear.
See
clothes

nine men’s morris.
See
merrils

noblemen, noblewomen,
10
,
14
,
45
,
52
,
59,
65
,
69
,
71
,
80
,
81
,
87
–88,
95
,
103
,
104
,
118
–19,
130
,
134
,
141
,
143
,
152
,
174
,
181
,
211
,
213
,
235
,
241
,
279

bathing of,
197

clothing,
106
–14

diet,
179
–85

hunting,
259
–61

jousting,
255
–58

position in society,
38
–43

residences,
154
–63

Norfolk 33,
85
,
240
,
295
,
304

Normandy,
45

North Curry 304

Northampton,
11
,
17
,
124
,
252

Northamptonshire,
33

Northumberland,
34
,
81

earl of.
See
Percy, Henry

Norway,
71
,
294

Norwich,
11
,
93
,
252
,
299

bishop of,
45

Cathedral,
269

diocese of,
296

Nottingham,
11
,
133

Nottinghamshire,
200
,
202
,
214

nudity 119,
120

numerology,
192
–93

nunneries,
47
,
58
,
60
,
67,
297

Nunney Castle,
303

nuns,
45
,
152
,
202
.
See also
Dominican nuns; Poor Clares

nursing,
58
,
117
,
154
.
See also
wetnurses

nutmeg.
See
spices

nuts,
93
,
182

almond milk,
173
,
181

almonds,
141
,
177

walnuts,
172

oak, oaks.
See
timber; trees

oaths, 65

oats.
See
grain

offal,
13

ointments.
See
cosmetics

Okehampton Castle,
155
,
303

old people,
58
,
168
,
175
–76,
296
.
See also
longevity

Oldham, Robert,
165

olive oil,
118

onions. See vegetables

opium,
200
,
214

oranges. See fruit

Order of the Bath,
197

ordinances. See royal household; town ordinances

ordination,
70

organized crime. See crime

osiers,
163

Ospringe,
154

outfangenthef,
227
–28

outlaws,
132
,
221
,
226
,
241
.
See also
crime; criminals

oxen,
31
,
32
,
48
,
85
,
116
,
173
,
287

Oxford,
11
,
55
,
67
,
88
,
126
,
284
,
293

Priory,
269

Oxfordshire,
124
–25,
165
,
260
,
308

oxherds,
105
oysters. See fish

packhorses.
See
horses

pageants. See plays

pages,
101

painters,
12

palaces: bishops,
16
,
19
,
143

royal,
83
,
84
.
See also
Westminster Palace

pannage,
130

Panoti,
73

pantlers,
159

pantries,
148
–49

parasites,
162
,
198
–99,
201
,
209

pardoners,
54
,
76

pardons,
241

Paris,
12
,
77
,
106
,
107

university of,
191
,
193

parish churches. See churches parliament,
17
,
19
,
40
–1,
47
,
80
,
81
,
109
,
121
,
220
,
232
,
235
–36,
238
,
296

House of Lords,
40
–41,
236
,
244

knights of the shire,
40
–41,
69

Members of,
64
–65

Merciless (1388),
245

parlors. See solars

parrots,
106

paupers, 66,
143
,
145
,
167
,
183
. See disc beggars; vagrants

pavage,
94

pearls. Seejewels

pears. See fruit

peas. See vegetables

peasantry, peasants,
10
,
36
,
48
–51,
58
, 65,
116
,
121
,
123
,
143
,
163
–66,
170
,
172
–75,
198
,
203
,
249
,
278
,
305

Peasants Revolt,
4
,
19
,
51
,
56,
15
,
235
,
245
–46,
278
,
280
,
292

peddlers,
144

pelterers,
21
,
22

Penrith Castle,
303

Penshurst,
156

pepper. See spices

Percy family 34

Percy, Henry, Earl of Northumberland,
296
–97

perfumes,
21
,
117
–18,
198

perry 175

Persia,
276

Peterborough,
202
,
296

Petrarch, Francesco,
284

pewter,
149

Philip IV of France,
44
,
247

Philippa, Queen, 66,
106
,
109
,
113
,
257
,
275

philosophers,
77

phlebotomy. See surgery

Phoebus. See Gaston Phoebus

phoenixes,
74

physic. See medical knowledge

physicians,
22
,
43
,
52
,
68
,
77
,
101
,
160
,
177
,
191
–95,
200
,
207
,
210
–15,
266
,
280
.
See also
Arderne; Chauliac; Gaddesden; Galen; Hippocrates; Mirfield; Tyngewick

pickaxes,
135

pickles. See preserves and pickles

piepowder. See courts

Piers Plowman. See books

pies. See cooking

pigs,
8
,
21
,
22
,
93
, 99,
167
,
170
,
172
,
178
,
204
,
227
,
233
,
238
,
285
,
304

pigs bladders,
212
. See
also
meat; swine killers; swineherds

pikes,
256

pilgrims, pilgrimages,
12
, 66,
69
–70,
71
,
180
,
265
–71,
276
,
287
–88

accommodation of,
152
–53

pillory, the,
79
, 95,
216
,
253

pillows. See beds and bedding

Pinch Me,
261

piracy See crime

Pisa,
82
,
83

Pisan, Christine de,
58

pitch,
118

pitchers. See ewers

plague. See diseases

plates,
149
,
158
,
228
dishes.
See also
trenchers

playing cards,
264

plays,
231
,
233
,
252
–55,
263

Pliny the Elder,
72

plowing,
49
,
173

plowmen,
105
,
116

plowshares,
23
,
116

plumbers,
209

plums. See fruit Plymouth,
11
,
71
,
126
,
293

poaching. See crime

pockets,
118
,
229
,
301

poetry,
80

poisons,
118
,
209
.
See also
herbs

Poitiers,
209

Poland,
140

politeness. See manners and politeness

Polo, Marco,
276

Polyckronicon.
See books

pomegranates,
94

Pomeroy family,
34

ponds,
22
,
34
,
174
,
184
,
188

ponies. See horses

pontage,
94

Pontefract,
133

Poor Clares,
45

poor, the. See beggars; paupers; vagrants

popes,
44
,
70
.
See also
Benedict; Boniface; Clement; Urban

population,
36
,
203
–4,
293
–95

dying in plague,
202
–3

literate,
67
–68

monastic,
47
–48

religious,
48

rural,
31
,
34
–35,
294
–95

urban,
11
,
17
,
23
,
24
,
52
,
293
.
Seealso
immigration

porpoises,
184

ports and harbors,
34
,
71
–72,
94
,
130
,
135
,
138
–41,
184
,
185
,
233
,
245

private wharfs,
149

Portugal,
71
,
72
,
83
,
135

posse comitatus
,
220

postmodernism,
289
,
290

pots. See cooking utensils

pottage.
See
cooking; fruit; meat

poulterer,
161

poultry,
92

capon, 99,
177
,
182

chicken(s),
30
,
76
,
90
,
98
–99,
140
,
173
,
181
,
261
,
304

duck(s),
173

mallard,
177
,
182

geese, goose,
30
,
168
,
172
–73,
177
,
184

barnacle,
188

hen(s),
32
,
141
,
177
,
182
,
304

peacock,
182

pullet(s),
172

swan(s),
168
,
181
,
304

turkey(s),
168
.
See also
cock-fighting; wildfowl

Prague,
71

preachers, itinerant,
12

pregnancy 38

Premonstratensian Canons,
46
,
255

preserves and pickles,
172