The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century (61 page)

orange,
177
(citronade)

Prester John,
72

prices.
See
inflation

priests,
9
,
34
,
48
,
67
–68, 69,
115
,
210
,
245
,
251
,
260
,
266
,
280
.
See also
abbots; archbishops; bishops; chaplains; monks; nuns; priors; rectors; vicars

prioresses,
60
,
286

priories.
See
monasteries

priors,
42
,
46
–47,
280
.
See also specific priories

prisons. See gaols

privies. See latrines

prophecies; political,
76
–77

prostitutes,
102
–3,
180
,
192
,
198

prostitution,
20
,
198
,
244

Provence,
83

Prussia,
71
,
72
,
199

Prye, Roger,
224

public health. See sanitation

puffins,
184

Pulteneyjohn,
156

punishments,
61
,
139
,
222
,
244
. See
also
deodands; executions; fines; gaols; pillory; stocks

purses,
93
,
97
,
118

Quadrivium,
67

quays. See ports and harbors

Queenborough Castle,
84
,
155
,
303

queens. See Anne; Isabella; Margaret; Philippa

quicklime,
118

quoits,
263

rabbits. See coneys

Raby Castle,
155

Radcot Bridge,
125

raisins. See fruit

Ramsey Abbey 227,
296

rape. See crime

rats,
21
,
168

Reading Abbey,
296

receivers,
160

rectors,
42
,
203
beneficed clergy 241,
243
. See
also
priests

recycling,
30

Redesdale,
34

reeves,
48
,
50
,
51
,
219

regnal year, the,
83

relics,
74
,
268
–71,
276

religious fervor. See spiritual devotion

rents,
99
,
149
,
227
,
304

respect. See manners and politeness

Rheims,
106
,
107

rhetoric,
67

Rhine, the,
179

rhinoceros,
74

rice,
168
,
177

rice flour,
181

Richard I: Life of. See books; sea laws of,
139

Richard II,
3
,
17
,
19
,
20
,
71
,
83
,
97
,
106
,
110
,
111
,
113
,
132
,
133
,
155
,
254
,
278
,
288
,
301

Richard of Wallingford,
83

riding,
4

rings,
64
,
118
,
119
,
228
,
254
,
288

Ripon Cathedral,
270

rivers,
18
,
22
,
28
,
31
,
125
,
128
,
135
,
167
,
174
,
184
–85,
190
,
198
–99. See
also
bridges; Fleet; fords; Mersey; Severn; Thames

roads,
21
,
24
,
34
,
72
,
125
–28,
131
–32,
143
,
154

diversity of,
127

repair of,
127
,
130
,
135
,
302

Roman,
126
. See
also
alleys; highways; pavage

Robert of Gloucester,
80

robes. See clothes

Robin Hood. See books

Rochester,
296

bishops of,
45
,
262
,
270

bridge,
128

Cathedral,
268

Rockingham Castle,
242

Roët, Katherine de. See Swynford

Roët, Philippa de,
284
,
288

Rome,
12
,
37
,
44
,
71
,
77
,
79
,
266
,
267

Romney Marsh,
27

roofs. See shingles; stone; thatch; turf

roses, rosewater, 65,
146
,
171
,
197

Roxburgh,
257

royal armories,
120

royal council,
167

Royal Courts of Justice. See courts

royal household,
40
,
101
,
127
,
160
–61,
186
,
213
,
304

ordinances for,
307

royal mints. See mints

royal palaces. See palaces

rubbish. See sanitation

rubies,
118
,
119

rudeness,
82

rugs. See beds and bedding

rushes,
10
,
93
,
146
,
163
,
180

rushlights,
10
,
146
,
182

Russell, John,
298

Russell, Margaret,
57

Russia. See Muscovy Rutland,
33
,
218
,
241
,
295

Rybothe, Island of,
276

rye.
See
grain

sacrists,
186

saddlers,
232

saddles,
132

saffron.
See
spices

sailors.
See
mariners

salaries.
See
incomes

Salerno,
194

Salisbury,
11
,
17
,
18
,
84
,
224
,
296

bishop of,
228

Salle,
240

Salome, dance of,
251

salt,
23
,
90
,
93
,
171
,
173
,
177
,
181
,
183
,
185
brine,
212
,
228

salt cellars,
158
,
159
,
228

sanctuary,
220
,
235
,
244
–46

Sandin,
73

sanitation,
7
,
13
,
17
,
21
–22,
23
,
24
,
127
,
146
,
153
,
165
,
166
,
191
,
196
–97,
201
,
209
,
231

onboard ship,
139
.
See also
baths and bathing; cleaning; diseases; latrines; parasites

Santa Croce,
271

Santiago de Compostela,
71
,
266
,
267

sapphires,
118
,
119

sarcasm,
63
,
254

satin,
17

saucerers,
162

saucers,
158

Savage Company,
242

Savage, Roger,
242

Saxon letters,
81

scabbards,
119

scaffolding,
15

Scandinavia,
26
,
139

schism.
See
Great Schism

schoolmasters,
68

schools,
58
,
67
–68.
See also
education; universities

science, scientists,
77

Sciopods,
73

scissors,
10
,
118

scolds,
231
,
234

scotale,
251

Scotland, Scots,
3
,
34
,
35
,
37
,
38
,
44
,
70
,
72
,
120
,
123
,
126
,
136
,
155
,
220
,
277
,
296

Marches of,
61
,
257

screens passage,
148

scriptoria,
16

scriveners,
12
,
68
.
See also
clerks

scrofula.
See
diseases

Scrope, Geoffrey le,
242

scurvy.
See
diseases

sea holly,
200

sea, the,
15
,
135
–36,
139
–42,
184
,
265
.
See also
Baltic; Mediterranean seafood.

See
fish

seals (authentication devices),
88
–89,
149

seals (sea mammals),
184

secretaries,
161
.
See also
clerks

Selby Abbey 296

Sempringham Priory,
46
,
242
,
255

sergeants-at-arms,
52
,
101
,
160
,
304

servants,
13
,
21
,
43
,
50
,
52
,
61
,
62
,
64
,
80
,
101
,
104
,
105
,
117
,
130
,
134
,
140
,
146
,
147
,
149
,
153
,
156
,
159
,
161
,
164
,
176
,
181
,
183
,
185
,
187
,
198
,
213
,
231
–32,
245
,
254
,
261

service, bonds of,
29
,
49
–50,
52

seven deadly sins,
67

Severn River,
184

sewers.
See
sanitation

sexual intercourse,
55
–56,
64
,
65
,
200
,
227
,
287
.
See also
crime; prostitution

sexual prejudices,
54
–59,
287
.
See also
women

shawms.
See
musical instruments

sheep,
10
,
25
,
27
,
29
,
93
,
167
,
173
,
228
,
285

lambs,
105
,
173
,
176

rams,
262
,
310
.
See also
fleeces; meat

sheets.
See
beds and bedding

shepherds,
249

Sheriff Hutton,
303

sheriffs,
12
,
56
,
68
,
103
,
217
,
218
,
220
–24,
225
–26,
235
,
308
.
See also
courts; London

shields.
See
armor

shingles,
13

ships and boats,
17
,
18
,
28
,
60
, 77,
85
,
123
,
136
–39,
238
,
252
,
278

carracks,
137
,
138

castles on,
138

cogs,
136
–39,
302

construction of,
131
,
137
–38

ferries,
129
–30,
152

fishing boats,
184

galleys,
137
,
141

hulks,
137
,
140
,
141

life on board,
139
–42,
265

repair of,
140

rowing,
138
.
See also
lighthouses

shipwreck 60,
123
,
136
,
140

shipwrights.
See
ships and boats

Shirburn Castle,
303

Shitbrook 8–9,
13
,
82
,
146

shoemakers,
15

shoemakers’ thread,
132
shoes,
62
,
93
–94,
109
–10,
114
–15,
268

boots,
114
–15,
189

shopgirls,
103

shopkeepers,
114

shopping,
92
–95

shops,
9
–10,
12
,
14
–16,
18
,
93
,
148

Shrewsbury,
11
,
17
,
296

Shropshire,
33

Shrove Tuesday 262

shutters.
See
windows

Sicily,
168

sick care.
See
medicines; nursing

sickness.
See
diseases; malnutrition

sidesaddle.
See
horses and ponies

sieges,
70
,
167
–68,
209

signs,
9
–10,
16
,
145
,
174
,
213
,
233

silks.
See
cloth

silver,
96,
97
,
105
,
119
,
149
,
151
,
158
,
159
,
164
,
176
,
228
,
259