The Twilight of the American Enlightenment (28 page)

    
optimism of,
86

    
Rogers and,
81
,
82
,
83
,
85–86

    
science and,
79
,
83

    
self-confidence of,
80

Social sciences,
xxiv
,
32
,
33
,
82
,
117

Society,
x
,
xii
,
6
,
66
,
93
,
106
,
169

    
collective attitudes of,
24

    
diverse,
132

    
healthy,
174

    
individual and,
35

    
membership in,
14

    
modern,
24

    
rational ordering of,
71

    
religion and,
158

Spock, Benjamin,
90–92
,
135

Stalinism,
xix
,
7

Standards,
31

    
cultural,
8

    
moral,
46
,
50

    
objective,
xxvii

    
public,
87–88
,
135

    
traditional,
135

Steinbeck, John,
5
,
6

Stevenson, Adlai,
xxxi
,
xxxviii
,
1
,
5
,
17

Stevenson, James: cartoon by,
xxxiv
(fig.)

Stowe, Harriet Beecher,
xviii

Sullivan, Ed,
7

Technology,
xiii
,
xvii
,
xxxv
,
3
,
9
,
10
,
79
,
155
,
156

    
impact of,
xxxvi
,
86
,
105

    
mass–produced,
2

Television,
x
,
8–9
,
21
,
79

    
culture and,
3–4
,
7

    
entertainment and,
10

    
media and,
7

    
national character and,
4

    
shows/rigged,
5–6

Theism,
101
,
108
,
117
,
123
,
167

Thomas, Danny,
7

Thoreau, Henry David,
35

Tillich, Paul,
40
,
107

Time,
xxxii
,
xxxv
,
28
,
101
,
106
,
107

Time, Inc.,
100

Totalitarianism,
10
,
11
,
21
,
23
,
50
,
51
,
61
,
70
,
78
,
83
,
142
,
144
,
145

    
Free World and,
22

    
rise of,
2

    
submission to,
24

Traditionalism,
xiii
,
29
,
42
,
139
,
152

Trilling, Lionel,
xix

Truman, Harry S.,
108

United Church of Christ,
98

United Methodists,
98

US Constitution, federal government and,
99

US Supreme Court,
63
,
136
,
157
,
167

Utopian Marxism, romanticism of,
57

Values,
x
,
xxviii
,
85
,
90

Van Doren, Carl,
5

Van Doren, Charles,
5–6

Van Doren, Mark,
5

Vatican II,
138

Von Neumann, John,
102

Wall of separation,
157
,
158
,
159

Washington, George,
xxi
,
xxxix

Western civilization,
xv
,
xvi
,
xviii
,
2
,
18
,
20
,
21
,
104

    
crisis for,
xiii

    
rationality and,
71

    
saving,
6
,
17

Whatever Happened to the Human Race?
(Schaeffer and Koop),
141

White Anglo–Saxon Protestant (WASP) establishment,
124

White, David Manning,
9
,
10

White, Morton,
112
,
114

Whitehead, John,
145

Whyte, William,
32
,
33
,
34
,
35

Williams, Tennessee,
114

Wilson, Woodrow,
xxxiii

Wittgenstein, Ludwig,
74
,
75

Wohlstetter, Albert,
xxxviii

Women's rights,
67
,
137

World War II:
xiv
,
xxxiii
,
xxxv
,
2
,
17
,
40
,
61
,
82
,
107

    
patriotism of,
131
,
134

    
privatization and,
106

    
sacrifices/destruction of,
22

World War III:
xiii
,
xxxiii

Culture
(continued)

Freedom
(continued)

Niebuhr, Reinhold
(continued)

Skinner, B. F.
(continued)

Copyright © 2014 by George M. Marsden

Published by Basic Books,

A Member of the Perseus Books Group

All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address Basic Books, 250 West 57th Street, New York, NY 10107.

Books published by Basic Books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases in the United States by corporations, institutions, and other organizations. For more information, please contact the Special Markets Department at the Perseus Books Group, 2300 Chestnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19103, or call (800) 810-4145, ext. 5000, or e-mail [email protected].

Typeset in Minion Pro by the Perseus Books Group

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Marsden, George M., 1939–

The twilight of the American enlightenment : the 1950s and the crisis of liberal belief / George M. Marsden.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-465-03010-1 (hardback)—ISBN 978-0-465-06977-4
(ebook) 1. United States—Civilization—1945– 2. United States—Social conditions—1945– 3. Cold War—Social aspects—United States. 4. Alienation (Social psychology)—United States—History—20th century. 5. Group identity—United States—History—20th century. I. Title.

E169.12.M3647 2013

973.91—dc23

2013032100

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1