Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (1469 page)

HLA testing

deceased donor transplant

final cross-match

interim antibody screen and cross-match

monthly antibody screening program

new patient testing

posttransplant monitoring

UNET waitlist maintenance and transplant support

United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)

recipients

initial evaluation

laboratory evaluation

Kidney tumors

juxtaglomerular cell tumor

renal cell carcinoma

wilms tumor

Kimmelstiel–Wilson disease.
See
Diabetic kidney disease

Kinky hair.
See
Menkes syndrome

Klebsiella pneumoniae

UTI

Kleihauer–Betke (acid/elution) test

Rh prophylaxis

Klinefelter syndrome

LAP

testicular disease

KOH.
See
Fungal wet mount

Krabbe disease

17-KS.
See
17-Ketosteroids, urine (17-KS)

L

LA.
See
Lupus anticoagulant (LA)

Labor and delivery time

lamellar body count

lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio

phosphatidylglycerol

Lactate, blood

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

acute hepatitis phase

in cardiac diseases

CLL

hemoglobinuria

in hematologic diseases

histoplasmosis

lactic acidosis

legionnaires disease

limitations

in liver diseases

in lung diseases

in malignant tumors

in muscle diseases

in renal diseases

ovarian germ cell neoplasms

ovarian sex cord-stromal neoplasms

pancreatitis

pernicious anemia

PK deficiency

PNH

polymyositis and dermatomyositis

primary myelofibrosis

pulmonary embolism

renal infarction

sickle cell disease

trauma

trichinosis

TTP

use

β-thalassemia major

Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes

limitations

patterns in disease conditions

in tissue

use

Lactic acid.
See
Blood lactate

Lactic acidosis

acute liver failure

AG

AML

AST

bicarbonate

BUN

chloride

creatinine

LD

osmolar gap

phosphorus

potassium

serum pH

uric acid

WBC count

Lactoferrin, stool

diarrhea

in IBD

limitations

regional enteritis

use

Lal deficiency.
See
Wolman disease

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Lamellar body count.
See also
Fetal lung maturity (FLM)

Landing disease.
See
GM
¹
gangliosidosis

Lanoxin.
See
Digoxin

LAP.
See
Leucine amino peptidase (LAP)

Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma

Larva migrans (cutaneous and visceral)

Laryngotracheitis.
See
Croup

LCDD.
See
Light chain deposition disease (LCDD)

lcSSc.
See
Limited cutaneous scleroderma (lcSSc)

LD.
See
Lactate dehydrogenase (LD)

LDH.
See
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

LDL-C.
See
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

Lead (Pb)

poisoning, mean corpuscular volume

screening, intellectual disability

Leakage of fetal blood into maternal circulation, HbF

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Leber optic atrophy.
See
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency

cholesterol

HDL cholesterol (HDL-C)

TC

Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L:S) ratio

during labor and delivery

and lung maturity

Lee-White clotting time.
See
Clotting time

Left ventricular noncompaction

Legionella infection.
See
Legionnaires disease

Legionella
pneumonia

antigen screen

culture (rule out)

laboratory findings

culture

direct antigen detection and serology

molecular testing

urine antigen testing

Legionnaires disease

ALP

AST

bilirubin

gram stain

IFA

LD

WBC count

Leishmania

blood parasite examination

hepatitis viruses

Leishmaniasis

albumin

ESR

globulin

oriental sore

Leptin

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Leucine aminopeptidase

anemia

cholestasis

chronic myeloid leukemia

hypophosphatasia

Klinefelter syndrome

leukemoid reaction

myelofibrosis

myeloproliferative neoplasms

trisomy 21

Leukemia (acute/chronic)

adrenal masses

AIHAs

AML.
See
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

CEL and HES syndrome

CLL.
See
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

CMML

HbF

HCL

intracerebral hemorrhage

myelogenous leukemia

neutrophilia

neutrophilic leukemia

PLL leukemia, B-and T-cell

priapism

T-ALL

T-LGL

thrombophilia

Leukemic involvement of CNS

Leukemoid reaction

Döhle bodies

LAP

Leukemoid reactions

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP)

CMl

pancreas carcinoma

PNH

primary myelofibrosis

Leukocytes, Fecal.
See
Fecal leukocytes examination

Leukocytosis

cryoglobulins

white cell count

Leukopenia, pernicious anemia

Leukoreduction, blood component therapy

Leukorrhea, vaginitis

LH.
See
Luteinizing hormone (LH)

LHCDD.
See
Light and heavy chain deposition disease (LHCDD)

LHON.
See
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Light and heavy chain deposition disease (LHCDD)

lymphoma

PCM

Rouleaux formation

serum free light chain immunoassay

Light chain deposition disease (LCDD)

ILCA

myeloma kidney

Light transmittance aggregometry (LTA).
See
Platelet function assays, in vitro

Likelihood ratios (LRs)

Limited cutaneous scleroderma (lcSSc)

Lipase

pancreas carcinoma

pancreatitis

serum

Lipid metabolism disorders

abetalipoproteinemia

acid lipase deficiencies

atherogenic dyslipidemia

atherosclerosis

familial combined hyperlipidemia

familial dysbetalipoproteinemia

familial hypercholesterolemia

familial hypertriglyceridemia

high HDL-C lipidemia

hyperalphalipoproteinemia

hypertriglyceridemia

hypobetalipoproteinemia

lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency

low HDL-C lipidemia

metabolic syndrome

polygenic hypercholesterolemia

Tangier disease

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase.
See
β-Trace protein